The Eighteen

Century
David McDowall’s “An Illustrated History of Britain”
How did the Hanoverians get to the Throne?

Act of
Settlement
52nd IN LINE FOR THE THRONE
1st Protestant in line

James Francis
Edward Stuart
George I

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 George I
1714
Mmm
Hanover!

◊ Didn’t speak any English

◊ Not really interested in England

Robert
Walpole “First” Prime Minister

Not a fan of theatre

Limits on the Crown:

• Not Catholic
• Can’t remove or change laws
• Dependant on the Parliament for income

Taxation on things like tea and

chocolate made him unpopular
 Jacobite Rising 1715

James Francis Edward

Stuart –
The “Old Pretender”

French Support

Jacobites tried for treason

Tried again in 1719 and 1721

 The Empire
Knives, swords
◊ Caribbean settlements (17th produced in the UK
Dependant on
C) West Indies Slave Labour

◊ North America (13 Colonies

and Canada) (17th C)
◊ Africa (17th C)
◊ India (East Indies) (18th C)
Sugar produced
by slaves in the
West Indies Slaves from Africa
1742
 George
1727

II
◊ Also very interested in Hanover
◊ Parliament was in control of
domestic policies.
◊ More popular than his father.
◊ Opposed to his father policies.
The Jacobite rising of
1745
◊ Charles Edward Stuart (The Young
Pretender – Bonnie Prince Charles)
◊ Jacobites in Scotland, England and
Ireland
◊ Highlanders (not all)
◊ Won their first battles
◊ Defeated at Culloden in 1746
◊ English behaved with cruelty
 George III
1760

◊ Born in Britain, spoke English as a FL

◊ Never visited Hanover

◊ Probably had Bipolar Disorder

◊ Lost the American Colonies

◊ 1810 – 1820 unable to rule

◊ Prince Regent

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John Wilkes and
Liberty
◊ 18th C - Only house owners with
a certain income could vote Fraud

◊ Not a secret vote

◊ John Wilkes didn’t agree
◊ He wrote an attack to the
government in his newspaper
◊ Arrested in the Tower but
released after trial.
◊ Resulted in more political
discussion.
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 Life in England “When a man is tired of London, he is tired of life.
For there is in London all that life can afford.”
- Samuel Johnson

◊ Liverpool, Manchester, Birmingham,

Sheffield and Leeds were big cities.
◊ They smelled BAD and had lots of diseases.
◊ Drinking and gambling.
◊ Efforts to change that in the second half of the
century. Local taxes.
◊ Social conditions were better than in Europe.

The Country Side

◊ Economic disaster in the Highlands
◊ Clearances
◊ Highlanders lived poorly.
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Industrial
Revolution
◊ Money
Middle Class “savings”.

◊ Labour
More places to work in.

◊ A greater demand for goods

More people living in the city, with more
money than before.
◊ New power
Machinery

◊ Better transport
Steam
Religio
n
◊ The Church of England didn’t
care about the problems of
17th Century cities
◊ John Wesley – Anglican
Priest
◊ Preaching on horseback
◊ Methodism
◊ Taught people to be
hardworking and honest
 What do most
What consequences did ignoring mental
“mad” kings and illneses have for history?
queens have in
common? What consequences could it bring?
*in the future*

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