POLITICAL

CARICATURES
OF THE
( EDITORIAL CARTOONS )

AMERICAN
ALFRED McCOY

ERA
Alfred McCoy’s
Philippine
Cartoons:
Political
Caricature of the
American Era
(1900-1941)
 WHAT IS A
CARICATURE?
 WHAT IS A
CARICATURE?
• It is a picture,
description, or imitation
of a person in which
certain striking
characteristics are
exaggerated in order to
create a comic or
grotesque effect.
WHO IS ALFRED McCOY?
LFRED W. McCOY
• Born on June 8, 1945 in Massachutes,
U.S.A

• Citizenship
 Author’s Background
Alfred McCoy
• A professor of History at the University of
Wisconsin Madison, where he also served as
Director of Center for Southern Asian Studies.
• Specialized in Philippine Political History and
Global Opium Traficcking.
• Majority of his works and research focuses on
Philippines.
• Author of the Politics of Heroin in Southeast
Asia, Philippine Cartoon, Closer than Brothers
and many more.
 Alfred McCoy’s
Philippine
Cartoons:
Political Caricature
of the American
Era
(1900-1941)
POLITICAL CARICATURE OF THE AMERICAN ERA
1900-1941
Awards earned:

• Philippine Catholic Mass Media Award, Best Book of the

Year for 1985

• Philippine National Book Award for History, 1986

 AUTHOR’S
BACKGROUND
ALFREDO ROCES

• Artist writer from the known

Roces Clan in Philippine print
media.
• Co-author of Political Caricature of
American Era.
• Known journalist in Manila Times.
Philippine Cartoons: Political
Caricature of the American Era
(1900-1941)

• Alfred McCoy and

Alfredo Roces
• Newspaper dailies
and periodicals
 HISTORY BACKGROUND OF
“POLITICAL CARICATURE OF THE
AMERICAN ERA
• During the American Era, Philippine Political
cartoons gained full expression.
• Filipino artists recorded national attitudes towards
the coming of the Americans as well as the
changing mores and times.
• While the 377 cartoons compiled in this book speak
for themselves.
• Historian Alfred McCoy’s extensive research in
Philippine and American archieves provides a
comprehensive background not only to the cartoons
LAW AND ORDER – DEMOCRACY’S GREATEST BULWARK

FAUSTO F. GONZALES- SIOCO ( 1897-1951)

 SECOND DISTRICT, PAMPANGA
 HE ATTACK THE RAMPANT CRIME, POLITICAL ASSASSINATION AND
COMMUNIST CLASS AGITATION IN HIS HOME PROVINC.
 HE IS ALSO A WEALTHY LAND OWNER WITH 3 EUROPEAN GRADUATE
DEGREES.
 HE ALSO WON OFFICE IN 1938 AGAINTS THE RADICAL POPULAR
FRONT’S CANDIDATE.
 HE ALSO OWN A SCHOOL IN PAMPANGA THE FGSMS (FAUSTO
GONZALES SIOCO MEMORIAL SCHOOL)
BROTHER UNDER THE SKIN- HERMANOS EN EL FONDO
 DEMOBILIZED AMERICAN
SOLDIER

As Demobilized American Soldiers filled the insular civil

service and American corporations won the major
development projects, Filipino nationalists saw themselves
becoming economic aliens in their own land. The cartoon's
image of Meralco (E.R.R & L.Co.) dragging Juan de la Cruz
along the neck as he vomits pesos from his emaciated frame is
no overstatement.
FILIPINO BEGAN WINNING
When Filipinos began winning civil service
appointments after 1913 they found themselves
facing serious discrimination in both wages and
positions.

Francis b. Harrison the liberal Governor

General reed the pro; American hiring policies
of the Taft Era(1900-12) and began the
"Filipinization" of the civil service.
Equal Work, Unequal Salary, Why?
 American Worker-
Filipino Worker
-refers not to a ten fold difference in
Filipino and American manual wages
within the colony, but to a more
fundamental inequality -the difference in
wages and working conditions between
the two countries.
After only 15 years of party politics, the
corruption of the political process had
become apparent by the early 1920's
The Elections Before and After

AFTER ONLY 15 YEARS OF PARTY POLITICS,

THE CORRUPTION OF THE POLITICAL PROCESS
HAD BECOME APPARENT BY THE EARLY 120’s.

In 1926, the future of Mindanao became one of the key issues in

the Philippines-American relations. American imperialists
exploited the tensions to advocate partition of the Philippines and
a permanent American protector for Mindanao.
In 1926, the future of Mindanao
In 1926, the future of Mindanao
became one of the key issues in the
Philippines-American relations.
American imperialists exploited the
tensions to advocate partition of the
Philippines and a permanent American
protector for Mindanao.
• January 1926 Crisis to a boil, the ex president’s
nephew, NICHOLAS ROOSEVELT, visited
Mindanao and was met the delegation of muslim
datus beseeching him to intercede for the return of
American rule.

• MAY 1926 Responding to the muslim demands,

imperialist forces in the U.S Congress introduced the
BACON BILL.
TWO CARTOONS PUBLISHED

THIS CARTOON
PUBLISHED IN 1928
SHOW JUAN DE LA
CRUZ AS A BEAST OF
BURDEN BEARING A
CRUSHING LORD OF
TAXES AND
JOBHOLDERS.
THE RESULTS OF CO-EDUCATION
VICENTE SOTTO
• BORN APRIL 18, 1877
• DIED MAY 28, 1950
• FILIPINO PLAYWRIGHT, JOURNALIST AND
POLITICIAN
• BECOME SENATOR 1946 TO 1950
• BECOME A HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVE FROM
1922 TO 1925, HE REPRESENT CEBU’S 2ND DISTRICT

VICENTE SOTTO, PUBLISHER OF THE INDEPENDENT

WAS ALSO A CONSERVATIVE MORALIST. HE SEEMED
TO FEEL THAT THE PHILIPPINES COULD NOT WIN
INDEPENDENCE UNTIL THE FILIPINOS HAD SHAPED A
NATIONAL CHARACTER CAPABLE OF BEARING THAT
BURDEN.
THROUGHT 1933
THE BATTLE OVER
ACCEPTANCE OR
REJECTION OF THE
HARE-HAWES-
CUTTING
INDEPENDENCE BILL
CONTINUED TO
DIVIDE PHILIPPINES
POLITICS.
WHAT TO DO WITH PHILIPPINES?
This is a political cartoon
that was published in the
U.S in 1898. The cartoon
shows President McKinley
taking the savage (The
Philippines) and debating
how to handle the country.
“There was nothing left
for us to do but to take
them all and to educate the
Filipinos,uplift,civilize and
Christianized them.” said
President McKinley. The
“THANK
YOU FOR
LISTENIN
G”