CHAPTER 2: MATERIAL

HANDLING

Anish Biswas
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Raiganj Polytechnic
MATERIAL HANDLING
 It is an art and science involving movement, handling
and storing of materials during different stages of
manufacturing
 MH primarily related with movement of bulk , packets
and individual materials to facilitate operations with in
limits of organization
 The selection of efficient MH system results in
significant reduction in cost and production cycle time.
OBJECTIVES OF MATERIAL HANDLING
l. Minimise cost of material handling.
2. Minimise delays and interruptions by making available the
materials at the point of use at right quantity and at right time.
3. Increase the productive capacity of the production facilities by
effective utilisation of capacity and enhancing productivity.
4. Safety in material handling through improvement in working
condition.
5. Maximum utilisation of material handling equipment.
6. Prevention of damages to materials.
7. Lower investment in in process inventory.
ELEMENTS OF MH
1. Motion
2. Time
3. Quantity
4. Space
MATERIAL HANDLING ACTIVITIES AND
FUNCTIONS
1. Transportation and handling at suppliers end.
2. Material handling at manufacturing plant.
3. Transportation and handling from warehouse to
customer (physical distribution).
 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PLANT
LAYOUT AND MATERIAL HANDLING
 There is a close relationship between plant layout and material
handling. A good layout ensures minimum material handling and
eliminate re-handling.
 A good layout minimises handling.

 Plant layout ensures minimum travel for workman thus enhancing

the production time and eliminating the hunting time and travelling
time.
 Space is an important criteria. Plant layout integrates all the
movements of men, material through a well-designed layout with
material handling system.
 Good layout always ensure minimum material handling.
 PRINCIPLES OF MATERIAL HANDLING
 Material should be moved as little as possible
 Reduction in time by using shortest routers and mechanical
material handling equipment
 The material movement should be in lots rather than in individual
units
 Design of material handling equipment should be such that it can
increase the effectiveness
 Gravity should be used

 Re-handling and back tracking of materials should be avoided

 Periodically Repairing ,Maintenance & Check-up of existing

material handling equipments
TYPES OF MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTS

1. Conveyers
2. Cranes and Hoists
3. Industrial Trucks
4. AGV
CONVEYORS
 These are gravity or powered equipment commonly used
for moving bulk or unit load continuously or intermittently,
uni - directionally from one point to another over fixed
path.

Types of conveyers are:

l. Belt conveyers.
2. Roller conveyers.
3. Screw conveyers.
4. Pipeline conveyers
CONVEYORS
CRANES AND HOISTS
 Cranes are overhead devices capable of moving materials
vertically and laterally in area of limited length and width and
height

 Hoists are used for loading and unloading of heavy objects

and they are also used for raising and lowering heavy and
long objects.

 The hoists and cranes are most commonly used when -

 Movement is within fixed area.
 Moves are intermittent.
CRANES AND HOISTS
INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS
 Hand or powered vehicles are used for movement of mixed
or uniform loads intermittently over varying paths which
have suitable running surfaces and clearances and where
the primary function is transporting.

 Industrial trucks are generally used when:

• Materials are moved intermittently.
• Movement is through changing routes and distances
• Loads are uniform mixed is size and weight.
• Materials can be put into unit loads.
INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS
 AUTOMATED GUIDED VEHICLES (AGV)
 AGV’s are computer-
controlled ,wheel-based load
carriers that travel along the
floor of a facility without an
onboard operator or driver.
 Their movement is directed by
a combination of software and
sensor-based guidance
systems.
 Typical AGV applications
include transportation of raw
materials, work-in-process,
and finished goods in support
of manufacturing production
lines.
Thank You