Persistent

dysthymic & Pmdd

Gloria Zakharia
Table of contents

Persistent Premenstrual
A dysthemic B dysphoric
disorder

a. Definition
FOR EACH b. Aetiology
DISORDER : c. Clinical features
d. treatment
 A
Persistent dysthymic

Also known as Persistent depressive disorder

 a. definition
Persistent dysthymic, also known as
persistent depressive disorder, is a form of
chronic depression that causes depressive
symptoms for a duration longer than a year
The DSM-V defines Persistent depressive
disorder as a “consolidation of DSM-IV
defined major depressive disorder and
dysthymic disorder”
 Clinical features

A. Depressed mood for most of the day, for more days

than not, as indicated by either
subjective account or observation by others, for at
least 2 years.
Note: In children and adolescents, mood can be
irritable and duration must be at least
B. Presence, while depressed, of two (or more) of the
following:
1. Poor appetite or overeating.
2. Insomnia or hypersomnia.
3. Low energy or fatigue.
4. Low self-esteem.
5. Poor concentration or difficulty making decisions.
6. Feelings of hopelessness.
C. During the 2-year period (1 year for children or adolescents) of the disturbance, the
individual
has never been without the symptoms in Criteria A and B for more than 2 months at a
time.
D. Criteria for a major depressive disorder may be continuously present for 2 years.
E. There has never been a manic episode or a hypomanic episode, and criteria have
never been met for cyclothymic disorder.
F. The disturbance is not better explained by a persistent schizoaffective disorder,
schizophrenia, delusional disorder, or other specified or unspecified schizophrenia
spectrum and other psychotic disorder.
B Pre-menstrual dysphoric
disorder (pmdd)
 a. definition
Pre-menstrual dysphoric disorder is a severe
form of pre-menstrual syndrome, causing a
range of symptoms that are very severe
 b. Clinical features

1. Marked affective lability (e.g., mood swings; feeling suddenly sad

or tearful, or increased
sensitivity to rejection).
2. Marked irritability or anger or increased interpersonal conflicts.
3. Marked depressed mood, feelings of hopelessness, or self-
deprecating thoughts.
4. Marked anxiety, tension, and/or feelings of being keyed up or on
edge.
b. Risk factors
 REFERENCES:

American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical

Manual of Mental Disorders 5th ed Arlington, VA: American
Psychiatric Publishing; 2013.
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-d
iseases/premenstrual-dysphoric-disorder-pmdd
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9292-per
sistent-depressive-disorder-pdd
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6405812/#:
~:text=DSM%2D5%20has%20introduced%20yet,168
).