MODEL OF

COMMUNICATION
 Model of communication

Communication models are

metaphorical, simplified, and
systematic representations of the
communication process
 3 Standard model of communication

•Linear Model
•Interactive Model
•Transactional Model
 Linear Model

• One-way communication
• Sender sends the message and the
receiver only receives
• No feedback
• Concept of noise
 Interactive Model

• Two-way communication
• Used for new media like the internet
• There is feedback
• Concept of field of experience
 Transactional Model

• Senders and receivers interchange roles

• Simultaneous feedback
• Context of environment and noise
JAKOBSON’S MODEL OF
COMMUNICATION

SHANNON’S MODEL OF
COMMUNICATION

SAUSSURE’S MODEL OF
COMMUNICATION
Jakobson’s Model of
Communication
 Who is Jakobson?

• Roman Jakobson was a linguist who studied the structure

of language and was particularly interested in the
difficulties that appear in many languages. He was one of
the pioneers in structural linguistics, which is the theory
that language is a structured system of interrelated
formal units.
• He is well-known for his six functions of language.
Jakobson's model of the functions of language
distinguishes six elements, or factors of communication,
that are necessary for communication to occur: (1)
context, (2) addresser (sender), (3) addressee (receiver),
(4) contact, (5) common code and (6) message. Each
factor is the focal point of a relation, or function, that
operates between the message and the factor
 6 Elements of Jakobson’s Model of
Communication

Context The context forms the setting or the reason for

the message that will be communicated.

This is the person who delivers a message to a

Addresser
specific audience.
 This is the audience that receives the message. Must
Addressee consist of at least one person but could include many
people.

Contact
The context forms the setting or the reason for
the message that will be communicated.

The code includes the rules that combine to form the

Common
code
message and correspond to the type of language used.
 The message is what is sent by the addresser and
Message corresponds to an experience, idea, explanation,
and so on.
SHANNON WEAVER’S
MODEL OF
COMMUNICATION
 SHANNON WEAVER's MODEL OF
COMMUNICATION

• ShannonWeaver’s model of communication was created

in 1948.
• Shannon was an American mathematician whereas
Weaver was a scientist. The Mathematical theory later
came to be known as the Shannon Weaver model of
communication or “mother of all models.” This model is
more technological than other linear models.
Concepts in Shannon Weaver Model

Sender Encoder Channel Noise

Information Transmitter
resources
Receiver Feedback

Destination
 Example
Thomson called his assistant and said, “Come here, I want to see you.” During
his call, a car suddenly horned and his assistant only heard “I want “. The
assistant inquired, “What do you want, Thomson?”

Sender - Thomson
Encoder - Telephone (Thomson)
Channel - Cable/Internet
Noise - Car horn
Decoder -Telephone (Assistant)
Receiver - Assistant
Saussure's Model of
Communication
 Saussure's Model of Communication

• Ferdinand de Saussure considered the Father of

Modern Synchronic Linguistics.
• A swiss linguist and semiotician.
• Was born in Geneva, 26th November 1857 and died
on 22nd February 1913.
• His ideas became a foundation for many significant
developments both in linguistics and semiology in
the 20th century.
 What is Saussure's Model of Communication?

•a model in which a concept in the brain triggers a sound

pattern in the brain
• labeled as the "speech circuit model"
• includes directional arrows indicating the involvement of
both participants
•it was based on the notion that comprehension on the part
of the listener is a kind of mirror of the speaker's initial
process of expressing a thought
 Saussure 's Process

1. the sound pattern in the brain triggers an actual

pronunciation of a sound which goes out of the
mouth a person
2. into the ear of the listener where the process
occurs in opposite order (the sound produces a sound
pattern in the brain, and the sound pattern in the
brain produces a concept
THANK YOU!