Professional Documents
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Module9 Updated
Module9 Updated
STRUCTURED DECISION
CONTENT
Data dictionary
Process specification
Decision analysis techniques
WHY DATABASE?
What problems of traditional data storage/ Why we have to use database?
What are limitations of excel?
TRADITIONAL FILE PROCESSING
FIGURE 6-3 A single human resources database provides many different views of data, depending on the information
requirements of the user. Illustrated here are two possible views, one of interest to a benefits specialist and one
of interest to a member of the company’s payroll department.
DATA
DICTIONARY
NEED FOR UNDERSTANDING THE
DATA DICTIONARY
Provide documentation
Eliminate redundancy
Validate the data flow diagram
Provide a starting point for developing screens and reports
Determine the contents of data stored in files
To develop the logic for DFD processes
Create XML
WHAT NEEDS TO BE DEFINED
Data flows Entities
are are
collections collections
of of
Logical: Physical:
Show what data the business needs for its day-to- Include additional elements necessary for
day operations implementing the system (usually as primary or
foreign key)
For ex: CustomerID, ProductID
PHYSICAL DATA STRUCTURES
Key fields used to locate records
Codes to identify record status
Transaction codes to identify different record types
Repeating group entries
Limits on items in a repeating group
Password
7.3 DATA
ELEMENT
Element I D
The name of the element
Aliases
A short description of the
element
Element is base or derived
Element length
Type of data
TYPE OF DATA
Alphanumeric or text data
Formats
Mainframe: packed, binary, display
Microcomputer (PC) formats
PC formats, such as Currency, Number,
or Scientific, depend on how the data will
be used
SOME EXAMPLES OF DATA
FORMATS USED IN P C SYSTEMS
Data Type Meaning
Decimal, numeric Numeric data that are accurate to the least significant digit;
can contain a whole and decimal portion
Float, real Floating-point values that contain an approximate decimal
value
Int, smallint, tinyint Only integer (whole digit) data
• Determine if an item is available for sale. If it is not available, create a backordered item record. Determine the quantity available
• Batch
• Online
Require screen design or web pages
• Manual
Should have well-defined procedures for employees performing the process tasks
• This should state policy and business rules, not computer language pseudo-code
• Business rules are the procedures that allow a corporation to run its business
• If there is not enough room for a complete structured English description include a reference to the structured English description, decision table, or tree
depicting the logic
STRUCTU
RED Use
Use decision tables when a complex combination of
conditions, actions, and rules are found or you require a
DECISION
method that effectively avoids impossible situations,
redundancies, and contradictions
ANALYSIS
TECHNIQ Use
Use decision trees when the sequence of conditions and
actions is critical or when not every condition is relevant
UE
to every action (the branches are different)
MINI PROJECT 2 – STAGE 4
Draw a complete process specification of the process
Complete its decision table & decision tree