The Research Problem

and the Research Title

Learning Competencies:
• designs a research project related to daily life
• writes a research title
• provides the justifications/reasons for
conducting the research
 Topics
The Research Problem

The Research Title

 Looking Back
Read the following statements.
Write Agree if the given statement
describes the qualitative research and
Disagree if not.
 Looking Back
• Hannah conducts a study which focuses on the
daily life experiences of students with dyslexia.

2. To identify the participants of the study, Joshua

simply employs random selection technique.
3. In order to solicit responses from the participants,
Patricia utilizes the interview guide as her research
instrument.
4. Since the study of Kyle aims to understand the
culture of the indigenous people, he then decides to
immerse in their community for certain months.
5. Clarisse employs an inductive approach in the
conduct of her study.
6. The study of Gerald aims to identify the
significant relationship between the reading habits
and the level of reading comprehension skills of the
Grade 11 students.
7. To gather the data needed for the study, Paul
utilizes an objective type of survey.

8. To study the challenges faced by the COVID-19

patients in the province of Bataan, Nelson interviews
15 COVID-19 survivors as his research participants.
9. To analyze the gathered data, Oscar employs
statistical formula.

10. Michelle carefully observes the emerging themes

from the responses she gathered from the interview
to answer her research questions.
 Read on!

Read the short selection that follows and

answer the corresponding questions.
In the Senior High School of Barangay
Masigasig, there are four students who are
being admired by others because of their
hard work. These students are Carlo, James,
Sarah, and Nica
Carlo is a consistent top student who is enrolled in
HUMSS strand. After attending his classes, he
performs extra work as a dishwasher in a carinderia
near his house. On the other hand, James is an athlete
as well as a good leader of the school who is enrolled
in Sports Track. He attends his extra work at printing
services once his class hours are done.
Meanwhile, Sarah is enrolled in TVL track and is
known as one of the good performers in her class. She
sells isaw, balot, and mami when the clock strikes at
06:00 pm. Lastly, there is Nica of STEM who always
represents her school in different academic contests.
During her free time, she serves as a tutor of three
pupils from different grade levels.
Being active students of their school and
showing exceptional determination, Carlo,
James, Sarah, and Nica are tagged as the
Masigasig Fantastic Four.
1. Who are the Masigasig Fantastic Four from the
selection?

2. What is common among the four students?

3. Why are they called the Masigasig Fantastic Four?

4. What do you think can be the possible common
struggle faced by the students in the selection?

5. If you will formulate a research title based on the

selection, what would be its possible focus?
As depicted from the scenario presented in the
reading selection, students at your age can also
face different struggles. As a starting student-
researcher, you must remember that a situation
that brings you a feeling of discomfort or
something that you find as challenging and
difficult can be considered as a source of problem.
Such a problem may later help you to design
your study which primary aims are to
investigate, explore, and understand the
phenomenon. The findings then can be used to
suggest what potential solution may address
the problem.
 Designing a Research
Project
• A research project is something that is worth investigating.
• Designing a research project refers to a general approach
that a researcher chooses to integrate the different
components of the study in a coherent and logical means,
whereby, assuring the researcher to effectively address the
research problem.
 The Research Paper
• A research paper is a piece of academic
writing that provides analysis, evaluation,
interpretation, and argument of a single
topic based on in-depth independent
research.
 Parts of
a Research Paper
(based on APA 7th Edition)
 Preliminary Parts
• Title Page
• Acknowledgement
• Dedication
• Abstract
• Table of Contents
• List of Tables
• List of Figures
 Chapter 1
The Problem and Its Background
• Introduction
• Significance of the Study
• Review of Related Literature
• Theoretical Framework
• Conceptual Framework
• Statement of the Problem
• Definition of Terms
• Scope and Delimitation
 Chapter 2
Method
• Research Design
• Participants and Sampling Procedure
• Research Instrument
• Data Gathering Procedure
• Data Analysis
• Ethical Considerations
 Chapter 3
Results and Discussion

• Using thematic analysis, present the data and

interpret.
 Chapter 4

Summary, Conclusions, and

Recommendations
 Concluding Parts
• References
• Appendices
• Curriculum Vitae
The Research
Problem
 The Research Problem
• Basically, a research problem
refers to a statement that promptly
suggests for conducting an
investigation.
 The Research Problem
• Moreover, a research problem to be
designed must deal with some
concerns in a particular field that
may need an improvement or a
solution.
 The Research Problem
• The researcher must also observe gaps in existing
scholarly literature, theories, and practices in
order to come up with a good and relevant
research problem.
• This designed problem then will serve as a guide
to know what kind of research study will be most
suitable to address the perceived concern.
Sources of Research
Problem
 • Theory
• Existing social philosophies and generalizations which
the researcher is familiar with may be of a great help to
design a research problem.
• The researcher may observe if there is a gap between
theory and practice.
• Difference between what is said by the elders and what
the youngsters see and observe may be a potential
source of a problem.
 2. Practitioners
• Consultation with the people who have direct
experiences in a field of interest may provide the
researcher an idea of what relevant problem he/she may
investigate.
• Practitioners such as teachers, social workers, health
care providers, etc. are considered to be a good source
of problem since they are directly experiencing
difficulties and challenges which are needed to be
addressed.
 3. Personal Experiences
• Daily experiences can provide the researcher
an idea of what problem that needs a solution.
Observation on what is happening in the
community may allow him/her to see the
common concerns of people or institutions
which may be subjected for investigation.
 4. Related Literature & Studies
• An extensive and thorough review of literature and
studies relevant to the problem interest of the researcher
may enable him/her to come up with a potential study.
• Through reviewing other available researches, the
researcher may be able to determine gaps in knowledge
and to subject them for replication. Thus, a good
research problem will be ensured.
 Considerations in
Formulating the Research
Problem
 EXTERNAL CRITERIA
• Novelty. The research problem must carry “newness.”
With this, its practical value would be easily perceived.

• Availability of subjects. The researcher must ensure that

there will be available participants who are capable of
providing data needed for the study.
 EXTERNAL CRITERIA
• Support of the academic community. The academic
community, which consists of administrators, teachers, staff,
students, and parents, should be considered by the researcher
in what particular problem will be investigated.
• The research problem should be clearly perceived as
beneficial once it is subjected for investigation. In addition,
securing permission among the said members must be done
before conducting the actual data collection procedure.
 EXTERNAL CRITERIA
• Ethical considerations. A research problem,
when subjected to a study, must not pose
any unethical demands most especially on
the part of the research participants.
 INTERNAL CRITERIA
• Qualifications of the researcher. These pertain to
the expertise of the researcher to the problem. It
is important to the researcher that he/she has
enough knowledge and training when the
research problem is subjected to further
investigation so as to ensure the success of the
undertaking.
 INTERNAL CRITERIA
• Motivation and interest of the researcher. The
research problem which is in the interest of the
researcher may give him/her satisfaction and
enjoyment. Hence, completion of the research
tasks will be efficiently attained.
 INTERNAL CRITERIA
• Time factor. A research problem, when is
subjected to a study, should suggest to be
time-efficient. With this, the undertaking
will be possibly accomplished in a given
time frame.
 INTERNAL CRITERIA
• Costs and returns. It is also important that
the researcher should consider a research
problem which suggests to be cost-
efficient. When it is subjected to a study,
itmust not be a sort of an expensive
undertaking.
 INTERNAL CRITERIA
• Hazards and handicaps. This means that a
research problem should not put the researcher
in danger. The proposed study should be safe
not only to the participants but moreover to the
researcher himself/herself. Physical and mental
health of the researcher must always be
considered.