Chapter 1

What is Personality?
Chapter Outline

Defining personality
Aspects of personality
 Personality Development
Stages of Development
Why do we need to study
personality?
Why do we need to study personality?
 1.To be successful in our dealings with other
people
 2.To understand my fellowmen
 3.To see the entire representation of the
individual, not just the surface
 4.To avoid mistakes in evaluating and judging
personalities
 5.To improve our own personality as well as to
understand others so that we can adjust to them
and have harmonious relations with them
Gordon Allport

“The outstanding
characteristic of man is his
individually. There was never
a person just like him, and
there never will be again.”
Insights On What Makes A Person
Unique
 Experiences
 Perceptions
 Beliefs
 Creativity
 Genetics
 Body
 Relationships
 Hobbies
 Intelligence
 Taste
describes the unique
patterns of thoughts,
feelings, and behaviors
that distinguish a person
from others.
 Aspects of Personality

1.PHYSIOLOGICAL

• Health Maintenance
a systematic program or procedure planned to prevent
illness, maintain maximum function and promote health

• Physical Fitness
exercising on a regular basis and engaging in various
types of physical activities
 Aspects of Personality

2. COGNITIVE

•Intellectual Capacity
expanding broad-based knowledge and thinking
analytically, critically, and creativity
 Aspects of Personality

3. PSYCHOLOGICAL
•Emotional Health
knowing, recognizing and managing one’s own
emotions

•Self Appreciation
understanding, affirming and appreciating one’s self
 Aspects of Personality

3. PSYCHOLOGICAL
•Emotional Health
knowing, recognizing and managing one’s own
emotions

•Self Appreciation
understanding, affirming and appreciating one’s self
MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
 Aspects of Personality

4. SPIRITUAL
•Art Appreciation
engaging oneself in aesthetic activities
•Spiritual Quest
understanding the meaning of life and showing
gratitude
•Moral Commitment
Standing firm by moral values, social ethics, and
professional code of conducts
 Aspects of Personality

5. SOCIAL
•Civic Responsibility/ Societal Responsibility
attending social activities and political issues effects on
society both local and global levels performing
responsibilities as a person
•Community Care
performing one’s community duties, engaging oneself
in the improvement of the community of the world.
•Cultural Engagement
Actively interacting with people of different cultures and
ethnic backgrounds
 Aspects of Personality

• Family relationship
building positive relationships with the
family members

• Peer relationship
building and maintaining a friendship
with love, care and empathy for peers
Personality Development
Is the development of an organized
pattern of behaviors and attitudes that
makes a person distinctive.

It occurs by the ongoing interaction of

temperament, character, and
environment.
Stages of Development

STAGE 1 – INFANCY
2 years of life
1.Learning basic trust
or mistrust
2.Well nurtured and
love
Stages of Development

STAGE 2 – TODDLERHOOD
18 months to 2 years to three
to four years
1.Learning autonomy or shame
2.Well parented and found self
confidence
3.Tantrums, stubbornness,
negativism
Stages of Development

STAGE 3 – PRE-SCHOOL
3 years onward
1.Learning initiative and guilt
2.Use imagination, broaden
skills
3.Cooperate with other
Stages of Development
STAGE 4 – SCHOOL AGE
high school
1.Learning industry or inferiority
2.Relating with peers according to rules
3.Learning basic intellectual skills
4.Processing from free play
Stages of Development
STAGE 5 – ADOLESCENCE
high school
1.Learning identity or identity
diffusion
2.Maturity starts to develop
3.Acquires self-certainty as
opposed to self doubt and
experiments
 ASSIGNMENT

DRAW A MOUNTAIN PERSONALITY TEST

On a blank piece of paper, each student will draw
a mountain scene. It should include a mountain,
a road or path, some trees and any other details.