NEWBORN MATERIAL

SUMMARY
By :
ELLEN FRANCISKA YULIANA (10920002)
S1 KEBIDANAN
IIK BHAKTA KEDIRI

Lesson : English 2
Lecturer : Palupi Susilowati.M.Pd
Baby’ First
24 Hours
 What will my newborn baby look like?
• When your baby is born, their skin might be blue and mottled. They are likely to be covered in
amniotic fluid, blood and vernix, which is a cheesy white substance. This is normal.
• Their skin will start to become pink as they start to breathe — which is about a minute after birth.
Your baby’s hands and feet may still appear blueish for several hours.
• The amniotic fluid and the vernix are there because they were there in the womb. They are important
for your baby to be able to smell and taste after birth. These familiar things help your baby to feel
secure outside the womb.

Birth of the placenta and cutting the

umbilical cord
After you have given birth to your baby, you will have more contractions that will help you 
deliver the placenta. Once this happens, the umbilical cord, which is connected to the placenta, will be
clamped in two places and cut. Your support person might be invited to cut the cord.
 Skin-to-skin contact
After a normal vaginal birth, your newborn baby will be put on your chest for 
skin-to-skin contact. Your baby needs sleep and food, and they need to feel secure and
warm, so they need to feel your skin.

Doing this simple thing:

● reduces newborn crying
● helps start and sustain breastfeeding
● helps maintain your baby’s body temperature
● After this first contact, they will be weighed, measured and observed to make sure
they are healthy.
Feeding
1. Babies start to show signs of wanting to feed soon after birth and usually attach and
suck at the breast about 50 minutes after birth. They may then breastfeed for an hour
or more. Put your baby against your chest, and they will probably find your breast and
start feeding. If that doesn’t happen, you can ask your midwife or a lactation
consultant for help.
2. The first milk you make is called 'colostrum'. It’s thick and often yellowish, rather than
pure white. It’s the ideal milk for your baby. Normally a small amount is produced —
your baby’s tummy is just the size of a marble.
3. If they haven’t fed an hour or so after birth, try again a couple of hours later. You can
also express some colostrum to feed to your baby on a spoon.
 Apgar Scores
One of the main observations made after birth is called an Apgar score. It assesses
your baby’s adjustment to life outside the womb. The Apgar score is measured at 1 minute
and 5 minutes after birth while the baby is on your chest. Sometimes it is measured again
at 10 minutes after birth.

It records your baby’s heart rate, breathing, colour, muscle tone and reflexes. The
maximum score is 10. A score of 7 or above usually means your baby is doing well. It is
not an ability or intelligence test, and it doesn’t predict your baby’s health later in life.
What will my newborn baby see, hear, smell,
taste and feel?
1. Your baby has been listening to your voice for the last half of your pregnancy and will
recognise it when you speak to them after birth. Your partner or support person’s voice
may also be familiar if they have also been talking near your baby. Your baby will feel
secure when they hear your voices and may respond by turning their head towards
you. Your baby will also be able to hear your heart beating as they did in the womb.
2. Your baby’s vision is blurred at birth but they will be able to focus on your face from
about 30 centimetres away. This is called the ‘cuddle distance’. It is roughly the
distance from your breast to your face. Your baby will make the connection between
what they hear and what they see.
3. Your baby will smell and taste the amniotic fluid and your colostrum, which has a
similar flavour.
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Physycal Growth
in Newborn
In the first month, your doctor will pay close attention to your baby's increasing weight,
length, and head circumference, which is measured around the largest point of the head,
usually starting at a point on the forehead.

The average birth weight for babies is around 7.5 lb (3.5 kg), although
between 5.5 lb (2.5 kg) and 10 lb (4.5 kg) is considered normal. In general:

● Boys are usually a little heavier than girls.

● First babies are usually lighter than later siblings.
● Large parents generally have large babies, while small parents generally have small
babies.
 Newborns often lose around 8 oz (226.8 g) in the first 4 to 5 days after birth but regain it
by about 10 to 12 days of age. In the first month, the typical newborn gains about 0.7 oz (20 g) a
day, or about 4 oz (110 g) to 8 oz (226.8 g) a week.

The average length of full-term babies at birth is 20 in. (50 cm), although the normal range is 18
in. (45.7 cm) to 22 in. (60 cm). In the first month, babies typically grow 1.5 in. (4 cm) to 2 in. (5
cm).

Your baby's head will grow at its fastest rate during the first 4 months after birth than at any
other time. This increase is due to rapid brain growth. The average head circumference at birth
is about 13.5 in. (34.5 cm). By the end of the first month, it increases to about 15 in. (37.6 cm).
 Many babies look a little less than perfect in the first few days or weeks after birth.
Gradually they will gain that cute and healthy baby look. Do not be alarmed if your newborn
has:
1. An irregularly shaped head, often referred to as the "cone-head."
2. Squinty-looking, bloodshot eyes.
3. Downy hair on forehead, cheeks, shoulders, and back.
4. Swollen breasts or genitals.

Other physical developmental issues to be aware of in your baby's first month include:
5. Hair loss. Your baby may lose some or all of the hair that he or she had at birth.
6. Mild skin conditions. Many babies develop small pimples on the face.
7. Lack of ability to self-regulate temperature. Your baby is not yet able to adjust to heat or
cold very efficiently.
After baby is born :
what to expect in the
first hours
 First minutes after baby is born
The moment your baby is born can be very special, but there’s usually a lot going on too. What happens straight after birth
will depend on your labour, how your baby is born, and how quickly your baby adapts to life outside the womb.

Uncomplicated vaginal birth Elective caesarean section

Most babies breathe and cry within a few Most babies born via elective caesarean
seconds of being born. section breathe and cry vigorously at
birth.

Forceps or vacuum birth Unplanned (emergency) caesarean

section
Most babies born with the help of forceps or Babies born via unplanned caesarean
a vacuum will breathe and cry at birth. section are more likely to need help to
breathe at birth.
 Cutting the cord
After the birth of your baby, the umbilical cord needs to be clamped and cut. This can
happen straight after birth, or you might be able to cuddle your baby for a minute or two
before the cord is cut.

Your birth partner can usually cut the umbilical cord if that’s what you and your partner
want. They won’t be able to cut the umbilical cord if your baby is born by caesarean section
or needs to be taken quickly to the warming station after birth, or if you have complications
like heavy bleeding. In this situation, the midwife or obstetrician will clamp and cut the cord.

The cord is quite tough to cut, but cutting it isn’t painful for you or your baby.
How your baby will look and behave after
birth
It’s normal for your baby to look blue or purple in the initial few minutes after
birth. If your baby is breathing well, your baby’s skin colour will gradually become pink
within 7-10 minutes after birth. Your baby’s hands and feet might stay blue for up to 24
hours. This is because the blood vessels in your baby’s hands and feet are very small, and
it takes time for blood to circulate properly there and turn them pink.
If all is well, most babies cry immediately after birth. Most then quietly gaze with
large open eyes at their surroundings before falling asleep. But some might stay awake and
want to feed.
If your baby seems ready, you can try breastfeeding within a few minutes of birth.
The midwife will help you attach baby to your breast.
Checks and medications in the first 24 hours
Within the first hour of birth, the midwife will put two name tags on your baby.

Your baby will also be weighed at some time in the first few hours. When weighing your baby, the midwife will do a
quick physical check.

The midwife will record when your baby first poos and wees. This is usually within the first 24 hours.

You’ll be asked to give your permission for your baby to have one or two injections. These injections are given into the
thigh muscles after birth, either immediately or within a few hours. The injections are:

1. vitamin K – this can help prevent a bleeding disorder caused by a vitamin K deficiency (haemorrhagic disease of
the newborn)
2. hepatitis B immunisation – this is the only immunisation required at birth, and is given as part of Australia’s
universal immunisation program.
You can discuss these procedures with your midwife, GP or obstetrician at one of your appointments towards the end of
your pregnancy. Within the first 48-72 hours of your baby’s life, 
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THANK
YOU
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