ADJECTIVES

Learning Objectives:
At the end of the discussion, the students should
be able to:
A. explain the purpose and classes of adjectives
B. justify the right classes of adjectives
C. identify adjectives in a text and label them
properly according to its classes
 ADJECTIVES
- are defined as words that describe nouns or pronouns. In general, adjectives usually
give us more information about a noun or pronoun by describing it or providing more
information about it.
When they describe nouns or E
pronouns, adjectives typically
answer the following questions:
1
2
• What kind?
3
• Which one?
i
• How many?
ADJECTIVES CLASSES
 DESCRIPTIVE ADJECTIVE
- are adjectives that describe the characteristics,
traits, or qualities of a noun or pronoun.
Example:
• She told a scary story.
• The leaves turned orange and red.
 QUANTITATIVE ADJECTIVE
- are used to describe a Noun and Pronoun with
quantity (i.e., numbers). It can be either in cardinal
or ordinal numbers.
Example:
• Satianna won as first placer in the .
• There are fifteen oranges in my basket.
 DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVE
- are used to express relative positions in
space and time.

Example:
• This watch is cheaper than that one..
• Watch out for those prickly rose bushes next to
you.
 PROPER ADJECTIVE
-are adjectives formed from proper nouns. In general,
proper adjectives are commonly used to say that
something is related to a specific person or place.
Example:
• He was reading a Russian newspaper.

• I think Haitian food is tasty.

 POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVE
- are often used to express possession or
ownership.

Example:
• My favorite food is pizza.

• Sydney spent the day with her parents.

 INTERROGATIVE ADJECTIVE
- are adjectives that are used to ask questions.
Example:
• What color is your favorite?

• Which button turns off the lights?

• Whose turn to wash the cat?
 COMPOUND ADJECTIVE
- are adjectives that are formed from multiple
words, which are usually connected by hyphens.
Example:
• My happy-go-lucky daughter loved our trip to
Disneyland.
• The better-off members of the city live by the river.
 ATTRIBUTIVE ADJECTIVE
are adjectives that are directly next to the
noun and pronoun that they modify.
Example:

• She has beautiful handwriting.

• The hungry gorilla ate the fresh mangoes.

 COORDINATE ADJECTIVE
-work together to modify the same noun. They’re
separated by the word “and” or separated with (,)
commas.
Example:
• She wore a pink and yellow top yesterday.
• It was a bright, sunny, and glorious morning along
Patar Beach.
 CUMULATIVE ADJECTIVE
-work together to modify a noun, but they build on
each other by describing different qualities of a
noun.
Example:
• Six sweet tiny kittens meowed for their dinner.

• Peter bought a beautiful red suzuki motorcycle.

 DISTRIBUTIVE ADJECTIVE
-The purpose of these adjectives is to describe
certain individuals or objects within a group of
many.
Example:
• Every child in the class had completed their
homework‍.
• Each attendee received a free gift.
 PARTICIPIAL ADJECTIVE
-are adjectives that are based on participles, which
are words that usually end in -ed or -ing and derive
from verbs.
Example:
• Travis was late for his swimming lessons.
• Please hand me my reading glasses.
• The silly clown cheered up the children.
 INDEFINITE ADJECTIVE
-a term used to describe non-specific items,
people, or objectives.

Example:
• Several of the windows were open‍.
• Many of the students were late for school.
 LIMITING ADJECTIVE
- an adjective that modifies a noun or pronoun by
restricting it rather than describing the qualities or
traits of it.
Among the several types and uses of Limiting
Adjectives, the major ones are-
• The Articles “a, an, and the”
ARTICLES
SELCITRA
Learning Objectives:
At the end of the discussion, the students should
be able to:

A. define the articles in their own words.

B. identify the definite and indefinite
articles in a given sentences through oral
recitation.
C.formulate a sentences using articles.
 What is an article?
-is an adjective.
-is special type of adjective.
-Like adjectives, article modify
nouns.
 The Articles
“the, a, and an”
The articles are not
interchangeable. They each
have specific situation where
they must be used.
Two Types of Articles

Definite Article
Indefinite Article
 “the”
Definite Article
-it can be placed before a
singular or plural noun to show
that the identity of the noun is
known.
-is used to refer to specific
or particular nouns.
 Definite Article
“the”
Example:
Let’s read the book.
The girl jumped out the low window onto the rosebush.
I just saw the most popular movie of the year.
The tall boy walked quickly.
The cargo ships sailed slowly away.
 “a, an”
Indefinite Article
-are used before a noun that is
not known or a noun that is
general.
-are used to modify non-specific
or non-particular nouns.
 Indefinite Article
“a, an”
“a” -comes before a singular
noun beginning with a
consonant sound.
“an” -comes before a singular
noun beginning with a vowel
sound.
 Indefinite Article
“a”
Example:
Let’s read a book.
Have you got a bike?
I don’t think I will ever see a unicorn.
A crocodile lives in water.
 Indefinite Article
“an”
Example:
He is an Irishman.
He made an excuse.
It is an honor to meet you.
I saw an elephant.
 You can use a and an in a sentence together.
For Example:
A dog is an animal.
This is a picture of an umbrella.
I saw an accident of a car.
But...
Article “the”
Can only used with…
Non-count Nouns

Example:
He spilled the milk over the floor.
I love to sail over the water.
But...
Article “a, an”
Can only used with…
Count Nouns

Example:
I need a bottle of water.
I need a new glass of milk.
 Remember, using a and an depends on the sound that begins the next
words.
POSITIONS OF ADJECTIVES
Learning Objectives:
At the end of the discussion, the students should be able to:

A. identify the attributive, predicate, and postpositive

adjective.
B. differentiates attributive, predicate, and postpositive
adjectives in a given sentences.
C. determine the properties of adjectives in a sentence.
 Attributive Adjectives
-are those that are placed directly adjacent to the noun or pronoun it
modifies.
-They are not separated from a noun by a linking verb (these
are predicative adjectives).
-usually come directly before the noun or pronoun they modify though
they can also come after it.
• It was a cold room (before the noun)
• Opening the windows made the room cold (after the noun)
 In the attributive adjective examples below, the adjective is in red and
the noun/pronoun in blue.

Before the noun After the noun

• John enjoys spicy food.  • I'm surprised to see you as I was
• The silly, spoiled boy shouted at his expecting someone else.
mother. • We moved into the best apartment 
• They live in a beautiful cottage. available.
• Mike is wearing a sleeveless jumper. • He took the quickest route possible.
• She is planning to buy a colourful  • She told the story in the
dress. scariest way imaginable.
• Susan aims to try something new.
 Predicate Adjectives
-are adjectives that modify or describe the subject of a sentence or
clause and are linked to the subject by a linking verb.
Example:
• That dress is expensive.
• Those burgers were fattening.
• She seems happy.
• He appears concerned.
 Postpositive Adjectives
- Also known as postnominal adjective
- is an adjective that is placed after the noun or pronoun that it
modifies, as in noun phrases such as attorney general, queen
regnant, or all matters financial.
 Postpositive Adjectives
Example:
• Something terrible has happened.
• Can’t you find somebody better?
• Is there no one smart that can solve this riddle?
• Nothing interesting happened this morning.
• Something strange is happening.
PROPERTIES OF ADJECTIVES
 Order of Adjectives

Determiner Opinion Size

a, an, the, both, good, bad, great, huge, big, large, tiny,
either, some, many, terrible, pretty, silly, enormous, little, tall,
my, your, our etc. lovely, beautiful etc. long, gigantic etc
.
 Order of Adjectives

Shape Age Color

flat, round, square, young, old, new, red, black, pale,

triangular, ancient, six-year-old, bright, faded,
rectangular etc. antique, youthful etc. shining, yellow,
orange etc.
 Order of Adjectives

Origin Material Purpose

French, American, wooden, silk, metal, writing, rolling,

Canadian, Mexican, paper, gold, silver, sleeping, roasting,
Greek, Swiss etc. copper, cotton etc. running, dancing,
etc.
 Adjectives Modify Nouns
- An adjective is a word that modifies a noun or pronoun to make the
sentence clearer and more specific.
Example:
 Adjectives Modify Nouns
Example:
COMPARISON OF
ADJECTIVES
Learning Objectives:
At the end of the discussion, the students should
be able to:
A. define numeral adjectives and identify definite, indefinite
and distributive adjectives.
B. justify the right use of adjectives: degrees of comparison.
C. Create contextualized sentences using comparative and
superlative adjectives.
COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES

Absolute
Comparative
Superlative
ABSOLUTE
– An Absolute adjective is an adjective, such as
supreme or infinite, with a meaning that is
generally not capable of being intensified or
compared.
- Also known as an incomparable,
ultimate, or absolute modifier. EXAMPLE
He is strong.
Absolute = Strong
COMPARATIVE
-A comparative adjective is an adjective used to
compare two people or things. We use
comparative adjectives to say that one person or
thing demonstrates a high degree of a quality
or is a better example of a quality than
the other. EXAMPLE
He is stronger than me.
Comparative = Stronger
 SUPERLATIVE
A superlative adjective is an adjective used in
comparisons to describe something as being
of the extreme or highest degree of a quality.
We use superlative adjectives when making
comparisons of three or more people
or things.
EXAMPLE
He is strongest in his class.
Superlative = Strongest
ADJECTIVE WITH SINGLE SYLLABLE
STRONG
+er – Comparative
+est – Superlative
ADJECTIVE WITH MORE THAN ONE SYLLABLE
THOUGHTFUL
-more thoughtful
-most thoughtful
 Friendly- ABSOLUTE

Friendlier or more friendly- COMPARATIVE

Friendliest or most friendly

– SUPERLATIVE
EXAMPLE:
Wendy’s sister is friendlier than her.
Wendy’s sister is more friendly than her.
NUMERALS OF ADJECTIVES
 NUMERAL ADJECTIVE
-is an adjective that tells exactly how many or how
much of something there is.
-refers to things that can be counted even if it is an
indefinite amount.
TYPES OF NUMERAL ADJECTIVE

Definitive Numeral Adjective

Indefinite Numeral Adjective

Distributive Numeral Adjective

 DEFINITIVE NUMERAL ADJECTIVE
-These are numbers and amount both cardinal
and ordinal numbers.
- Cardinal: One, Four, Ten
- Ordinal: First, Fourth, Tenth

For example:
There are ten students in the classroom.

The fourth teacher to arrive is Mr. Parker.

 INDEFINITE NUMERAL ADJECTIVE
-These are adjectives that refer to an indefinite amount
of something that can be counted.
-many, few, some, all, any, no, several

For example:

This book has many pictures.

 DISTRIBUTIVE NUMERAL ADJECTIVE

- Adjectives that refer to individual people, places

or things that are part of a total group or part of a
whole
- each, every, either, neither, another

For example:

Each child was reading a book.

THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING!
References
https://www.myqbook.com/GrammarConcept/41/Article-
Adjectives
https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/grammar/usin
g_articles.html
file:///C:/Users/BERNARDO%20CARPIO/Downloads/artil
ce%20adjectives.pdf
http://www.butte.edu/departments/cas/tipsheets/gramma
r/articles.html