Practical - 1

Labelled diagram of 400 M Track & Field

with computations.
Types of Track
• Synthetic Track
• Cinder Track
• Grassy Track / Clay Track
Synthetic Track Cinder Track Clay Track
A stander track is 400 mt consist of 2 straight and 2 curves. The length of
straight and curve is not fixed it may be varies according to the availability
of space.
The direction of track is north to south.
Lane:- Lane is restricted area assign to an athlete in which he/she has to
run.
Usually the one straight is of 80 mt and one curve is of 120 mt which means
80 x 2 = 160 mt (2 straight)
120 X 2 = 240 mt (2 Curve)
Track = =2 straight + 2 curve = 160mt + 240 mt = 400 mt
The track has 8 or 9 lanes and width of the lane is 1.22 mt
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Syx75nz7UbM
Types of radius in track marking
1. Running Distance Radius (RDR) – It is an imaginary line on which
athlete has to run.

2. Curve Distance Radius (CDR)- It is used to mark the track it is also

called marking distance radius

3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VNhqOcJVikE
Computation
Let the length of track is 80 mt
Curve of track is 120 mt
We need to calculate radius to mark the radius.
Formula to calculate radius is 2pie r
Here 2X 22 X R = 240 mt (1curve= 120 mt, 2 curve = 120+120 = 240)
7
R = 240 X 7 = 38.18
44
So marking distance radius is 38.18 mt for track with 80 mt straight
and 120 mt curve.
38.18 mt is used as radius to mark the track for first lane.
For second lane we add 1.22 to 38.18 mt for second lane.
(Standard width of lane is 1.22 mt but if we have less space we can
mark the track with 1 mt )
We continue to add 1.22 to mark the next lane.
 A standard track has only 1 finishing line, the variation is only in the
starting point. A track has different starting line for every race depends
upon its distance.
To equalise the distance of each lane we will give the stagger for
different races. Only 100 mt and 110 mt races are straight , except that
all the races are the combination of straight and curve and for that we
need to calculate stagger.
Formula to calculate stagger is :- [W (N-1) -10cm]2 pie]
W:- Width of lane, N= No. of lane, Pie= 22/7
 Track & Field
Track & Field are two words comprise of track and field events.
 Track Events
Short Distance Races Middle Distance Races Long Distance Races

100 mt 800 mt 3000 mt Steeplechase,

200 mt 1500 mt 5000 mt

400 mt 10,000 mt

4 X 100 mt relay 20 km walk

4 X 400 mt relay Half marathon

100 mt hurdles (women) Marathon – 42.195 Km

110 mt hurdles (men)

 Field Events
Jumps Throws

Long Jump ( broad jump) Shot-put ( 7.26 Kg for men's & 4 Kg for women's)

High Jump Discus(2 kg for men and 1 kg for women's)

Tripple Jump Javelin (800 gm for men’s & 600 gm for women’s)

Pole Vault Hammer Throw

Multi Athletic Events In Which 1 Athlete Has
To Do All The Events
• Men’s Decathlon
• Track Events: 100m - 400m - 1500m - 110m Hurdles
• Field Event: Long Jump - High Jump - Pole Vault - Shot Put - Discus
Throw - Javelin Throw
• Women’s Heptathlon
• Track Events: 200m - 800m - 100m Hurdles
• Field Events: Long Jump - High Jump - Shot Put - Javelin Throw
• Men’s Heptathlon
• Track Events: 60m - 1000m - 60m Hurdles
• Field Events: Long Jump - High Jump - Pole Vault - Shot Put
• Women’s Pentathlon
• Track Events: 800m - 60m Hurdles
• Field Events: Long Jump - High Jump - Shot Put
 Shot-Put
• The shot, a metal ball (7.26kg/16lb for men, 4kg/8.8lb for women), is put – not thrown –
with one hand. The aim is to put it as far as possible from a seven-foot diameter (2.135m)
circle that has a curved 10-centimetre high toe-board at the front.
• In order for the put to be measured, the shot must not drop below the line of the athlete’s
shoulders at any stage of the put and must land inside a designated 35-degree sector. The
athlete, meanwhile, must not touch the top of the toe-board during their put or leave the
circle before the ball has landed, and then only from the rear half of the circle.
 
• Shot Put Rules :-Once the athlete’s name is called, they have 60 seconds to release the shot
• The shot must be placed close to the neck and resting on the shoulder, while keeping it in
that position the entire time until it is released. No padding or extra equipment is necessary
• The shot must be released above the height of the shoulder with one hand
• The athlete is permitted to touch the inside surface of the stop board; however neither the
top nor the outside of the circle or stop board can be touched or passed
• The shot is required to land within the legal sector (34.92°)
• The competitor must exit the circle from the back
• Fouls Occur When:-
• A player does not pause within the circle before throwing motion
• A player allows the shot to drop below the shoulder
• The shot lands outside the boundaries of the sector or touches the
sector line
• A player leaves the circle before the shot has landed or the
competitor fails to leave the circle from the back
• The player touches the top/end of stop board, the top of the iron ring,
or steps or touches on/outside of the line of the circle
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iWL0pVilVuI
 Long Jump
The long jump is a sport in which (as the name suggests), the athlete
who jumps the longest by legal means, wins. Basically, this is all that the
sport is about. The athlete begins running from his or her starting
position and after attaining sufficient velocity, jumps, landing in a sand
pit, which is fitted with distance markers. There is a foul line, in the run-
up area, that the athlete has to be aware of; jumping from beyond this
line results in a ‘foul jump’. Jumpers try to get as close to the foul line as
legally possible before initiating their jump. This entire process is
governed by a certain set of rules.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1WmqipnL48U
• Rules and Regulations
• No part of the athlete’s foot should cross the front edge of the foul line. If, at the
point of take-off, any part of his foot crosses the front edge of the foul line,
then the jump is termed to be illegal or a ‘foul jump’, and does not count.
• Typically, in International track and field events, a long jumper has three
attempts to register his or her best legal jump. A foul jump accounts for an
attempt, but the time isn’t registered. Only the farthest legal jump counts.
• The distance, or the ‘jump’ is measured from the front edge of the foul line to
the first landing point of the athlete. However, if, while landing, his hands touch
the ground before his legs and a foot behind his farthest landing point.
• Similarly, even if the athlete takes off from behind the foul line, the starting point
is still considered to be the front edge of the foul line, rather than the athlete’s
actual point of take off.
• Somersaults are not permitted during the jump.
• The maximum allowed thickness for a long jumper’s shoe sole is 13 mm.
 
 Thank You
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yEuG1nQAKiY&t=2s