HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL

HAZARDS
IRISH ANGELOU J. DELA CRUZ
STEPHEN RALPH A. FLORES
 HYDROMETEOROLO
GICAL
HAZARDS
-Processor phenomenon of atmospheric, hydrological
or oceanographic nature that may cause loss of life,
can cause injury or other health impacts, property
damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and
economic disruption, or environmental damage
 TROPICAL
CYCLONE
-Also known as typhoons or
hurricanes, are among the most
destructive weather phenomena
- They are intense circular storms
that originate over warm tropical
oceans, and have maximum
sustained wind speeds exceeding
119 kilometers per hour and heavy
rains
 STORM SURGE

- Is an abnormal rise of water

generated by a storm, over and
above the predicted astronomical
tides
- Storm surge should not be
confused with storm tide, which is
defines as the water level rise due to
the combination of storm surge and
the astronomical tide
THUNDERSTOR
M
-A violent short-lived weather
disturbance that is almost always
associated with lightning, thunder,
dense clouds, heavy rain or hail, and
strong gusty winds.
- Thunderstorms arise when layers of
warm, moist air rise in a large, swift
updraft to cooler regions of the
atmosphere
 FLOOD

-Is an overflowing of water onto land

that is normally dry. Floods can
happen during heavy rains, when
ocean waves come on shore, or when
dams break.
-Floods can occur within minutes or
over a long period, and may last days,
weeks, or longer.
- Flood are the most common and
widespread of all weather-related
natural disasters
 TYPHOON CYCLONE
BEFORE
 Make sure your house can
withstands strong winds and
heavy rain
 Talk to your friends, family,
classmates regarding the typhoon
and other weather disturbances,
understand weather forecast and
how to minimize our risks
 Prepare a survival kit containing
battery operated radio, flashlight,
can goods and first aid kit
DURING AFTER
 Regularly monitor official  Seek medical assistance at your
updates of PAGASA or other nearest clinic or hospital
reliable sources on the tropical  Check your house, surroundings
cyclone for any damages that can pose a
 Stay in a stable shelter potential hazard to people around
 Stay away from windows or it
things that may topple over and
as much as possible stay indoors
 Coordinate with the local
authorities in possible evacuation
measures especially if you are in
a low-lying area
 Remain calm and don’t panic
 THUNDERSTORMS
BEFORE
 Learn about your area’s
thunderstorm risk by looking at
past events. These risks differ for
different places and different
months
 Inform your family, friends and
others about the thunderstorm
warning system of PAGASA
 Recommend trimming and
removal of unstable trees, electric
posts, or any infrastructure that
could fall and may cause damage
or injury
DURING
 Stay inside and remain calm
 Turn off and unplug all electrical
and electronic devices
 Don’t use phones until the storm
passes over. If there is no
immediate shelter; stay low and
stay away from structures such as
trees, electrical lines, or towers
 Remain indoors at least 30
minutes after hearing the last
thunder
AFTER
 Continue monitor PAGASA
update regarding the
thunderstorms and to know if
there is still possible
thunderstorm
 Always observe safety measures
on if you need to go outdoors
 Stay away from storm-damaged
areas
 Watch out for fallen tree
branches, electric lines, etc. and
report them to authorities
 Uneven ground, open drainage
and sharp debris under floodwater
can be harmful so stay away from
it

BEFORE
 Establish a family
communications plan
 Assemble a disaster supply kit,
including a flashlight, batteries,
and first aid kit
 Find out if you live in a flood-
prone area and whether your
property is above or below the
flood stage water level
 Familiarize yourself with local
emergency plans. Know where to
go and how to get there if you
need to get to higher ground.
FLOOD
DURING
 Stay tuned to radio, TV or the
internet for weather updates,
emergency instructions, or
evacuation orders
 Move furniture and other items to
upper floors especially the
important documents
 Be prepared to turn off utilities if
instructed to do so
 Do not move through moving
water if at all possible. Use a
stick to insure the ground is firm
 Do not drive in flooded areas
AFTER
 Return home only when local
authorities say it is safe or stay
indoors
 Clean and disinfect anything that
has come in contact with flood
water
 Be aware of areas where
floodwaters have receded and
watch out for debris.
 Do not attempt to drive through
areas that are still flooded
 Avoid standing water as it may be
electrically changed from
underground or downed power
lines

BEFORE
 Check your house and land for any
potential dangers. Identify any
vulnerability and repair it
 Learn how to turn off the gas and
electricity in your house
 Ensure that your family has an
emergency kit and plan. Make sure
that your emergency kit is portable
STORM SURGE
DURING
 Stay inside where you are
protected from the disaster
 Monitor the storm’s progress and
listen for warning or instructions
from local authorities
 Be aware of risks such as
hypothermia from cold water or
drowning from running water
 Do not drive through flood waters
 Do not panic
AFTER
 Listen to local radio stations and
obey advisories and official
instructions given by local
authorities
 Do not enter into declared danger
zones identified by local
authorities and stay clear from
collateral activity and stay await
further instructions
 Seek medical care at health center
or hospital
 BAROGRAPH
- It is a recording barometer. It
records barometric pressure
over time in form of graph.
The pen point which traces
the pressure curve on the paper
is made to move up or down
by a series of levers attached
in tandem aneroid cells
 TIPPING
BUCKET RAIN
GAUGE
- By capturing a small volume of water in one
of 2 small buckets, the tipping bucket act.
Once the rain is caught, the tips of the bucket
are empty. The tip is recorded and precipitation
volume rates are transmitted as the number of
the tips and the rate at which they occurred.
-Rainfall character is decided by the total
amount of rain that has fallen in a set period
(usually 1 hour) and by continuing the number
of pulses clicks in a 10-minute period, the
observer can decide the character of the rain.
- Algorithms may be applied to the data as
method of correcting the data for high-intensity
rainfall
 SLING
PSYCHOMETER
-A dry wet-bulb thermometer is made of
the sling psychometer. The term bulb
refers to the glass tube that contains
mercury.
- Dew point is the temperature at which
the water vapor condenses while the
relative humidity is the ratio of the amount
of water actually present in the air to the
maximum amount of water vapor that the
air is at a given temperature can hold.
 MERCURIAL
BAROMETER
- The atmospheric pressure
balances the mercury column, the
height of which can be measured
precisely. Unit of measurement for
pressure reading includes
millibars, millimeters or inches of
mercury. This tool is calibrated
upon receipt to make it appropriate
for use in a given altitude of a
place
 ANEROID
BAROMETER
- Sometimes called an aneroid
cell, which expands or contracts
with increasing pressure. As it
moves, it pulls or pushes a
system of springs and levers,
moving a pointer up or down the
dial yellow
HYGROMETER
- This system uses an organic material
( normally human hair) that expands
and contracts as a result of the humidity
around. This change can be made to
move an indicator needle that moves a
scale with graduations from 0% to
100%
- The mechanical sensors inside the
hygrometer move the needle along the
gauge so it points at the proper level of
relative humidity
 8-INCH RAIN
GAUGE
- To measure the amount of rainfall
accumulated in the measuring tube, a
thin measuring stick with the
magnified scale printed on its face is
used. The precisely dimensioned
measuring tube has a capacity
representative of only 2 inches on a
flat level ground. Rainfall beyond this
amount spills into the overflow can
but can be easily measured by
pouring it into the measuring tube for
total rainfall measurement
THANK YOU!