Optical and Radiation Sensors

Dulce Mnica Vega Vargas Diana Alejandra Vega Guzmn Cruz Moiss Murillo Gonzlez Cruz

The basic types of sensors used to detect optical and near-infrared radiation.
Photosensor.
Quantum Detectors

Thermal Infrared Detectors.

Photosensor.

The light detection systems are very highly specialized. Light is a quantum-mechanical phenomena. It comes in discrete particles called photons. Photons have a wavelength a velocity velocity c = 3 108 m/s. a frequency energy where 6.67 10 34 , and even a momentum

Quantum Detectors
Offer the best performance for detection of optical radiation. In all of the quantum detectors, the photon is absorbed and an electron is liberated in the structure with the energy of the photon. The basic property that electrons are allowed to exist only at certain energy levels.

Connection of a photodiode in a photovoltaic mode.

 For example, it is common to use a lightemitting diode and a detector mounted in a pair so that passing objects can interrupt the optical beam between them. Opto-Interruptors. Proximity detectors situated side by side sense the presence of a reflecting surface by causing reflected light to strike the detector. Other applications of optical detector-emitter pairs include measurement of the rotation rate of electric motors.

 Most phototransistors and photodiodes have their peak sensitivity in the near infrared