A Project

Presentation on,
“Comparative Study Of Lightweight And Normal Weight
Concrete In Flexure”
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Master of Degree in
STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING

Submitted by,

MR. SUSHANT MALLICK

Supervisor,
Prof. Raju Bondre

GURU NANAK INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Dahegaon, Kalmeshwar Road, Nagpur-441501
 OVERVIEW OF PRESENTATION

 Introduction
 Objectives
 LiteratureReview
 Contribution
 Research Envisaged & Plan of Work
 Proposed Methodology
 Result and Discussion
 Conclusion
 Outcome
 References
 INTRODUCTION

Why it is necessary
 there is an increase in the demand for light weight concrete. Concrete,
whose density (1440 to 1840 kg/m3) is lesser when compared to the normal
conventional concrete(2240 to 2400 kg/m3), is termed as light weight
concrete.

 light weight concrete using different types of aggregates like leca cinder,
pumice etc… Some research works are carried out with leca or cinder as
coarse aggregates for conventional aggregate replacement.

 Mix design is carried out for the normal conventional concrete of different
grades, and then the coarse aggregate proportion is completely replaced by
blended light weight aggregates such as leca and cinder in different
proportions.
 INTRODUCTION

Where it can be used

Concrete
Concrete has higher compressive strength and lower tensile
strength. The tensile strength of concrete can be increased
by introduction of steel bars in it which are technically
termed as reinforcements

 Concrete with inclusion of reinforcements are known as

Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) and those without
reinforcement are known as Plain Cement Concrete (PCC).
 INTRODUCTION
Where it can be used
 Types of concrete:
 High performance concrete.
 Self compacting concrete.
 Light weight concrete.
 Fibre reinforced concrete
 Shotcrete.
 Ultra high performance concrete.
 Self consolidating concrete.
 Limecrete.
 Pervious concrete.
 Vacuum concrete.
 INTRODUCTION

Where it can be used

 Light weight concrete:

 The concrete which is of low density and less weight due to the
presence of large amount of air voids in it is known as light
weight concrete.
 It can also be defined as the concrete whose density (1440 to
1840 kg/m3) is comparatively minimal to the normal
conventional concrete (2240 to 2400 kg/m3) is termed as light
weight concrete.
 INTRODUCTION

Where it can be used

 Light weight concrete:

 The concrete which is of low density and less weight due to the
presence of large amount of air voids in it is known as light
weight concrete.
 It can also be defined as the concrete whose density (1440 to
1840 kg/m3) is comparatively minimal to the normal
conventional concrete (2240 to 2400 kg/m3) is termed as light
weight concrete.
 LECA:

INTRODUCTION

Where it can be used

 Classification of light weight concrete:

Light weight aggregate Aerated concrete Fines concrete

Types of light weight aggregates

 Natural aggregates: The aggregates which are of volcanic origin and are
not of uniform quality, shape and size are known as Natural aggregates.

 Artificial aggregates: The aggregates which are not of natural origin, but
are manufactured artificially are known as artificial aggregates
 LECA:

INTRODUCTION

Where it can be used

LECA:
It is abbreviated as Light Expanded Clay Aggregates or
Generally Referred as Expanded Clay. It is the type of artificial
light weight aggregate which are obtained by baking the raw
material i.e. clay at very high temperature (12000C)

Leca aggregates
 LECA:

INTRODUCTION

Where it can be used

CINDER
The volcanic eruptions from the cone shaped peaks known as cinder cone or
scoria cone, sprays the lava of the melted rocks and cooling of it results in
formation of highly vesicular, glassy natured, light weight rock which is
termed as cinder.

Cinder aggregate
 OBJECTIVES

The aim of experiment is to develop the light weight concrete for

the mix design of conventional concrete such as M20& M30 by full
replacement of the portion of coarse aggregates (granite) by
blending of light weight aggregates such as LECA & CINDER
with different percentages
 LITERATURE REVIEW
A brief review of work already done in the field
Author Name Work Result

it has been made possible to

process the material to satisfy
more stringent performance TThe results indicate that the
requirements, especially long– replacing mix upto till last percent
M. Narmatha,
term durability. HPC is the latest has to noted and effect on strength
Dr.T.Felixkala
development in concrete. The in comparing with mixer without
(2017)
substitution proportion of metakaolin.
metakaolin is to be used was 5%,
10%, 15% , 20% by the weight of
cement.
 LITERATURE REVIEW
A brief review of work already done in the field
Author Name Work
Several attempts have been made to
develop sustainable binders through
M.M. Hossain , M.R. the use of pozzolans such as slag, fly
Karim , M. Hasan, M.K. ash (FA), palm oil fuel ash (POFA),
Hossain, M.F.M. Zain metakaolin (MK), silica fume (SF),
(2016) rice husk ash (RHA) etc. with a
relatively larger amount of
replacement of OPC
Metakaolin is a promising pozzolanic
A. S. Marinos, M. S. material which is currently used for
Katsiotis, S. M. producing high performance, high
Alhassan, J. L. Gallias, strength, lightweight cement. In this
M. Beazi-Katsioti work, the effect of partially
(2015) substituting cement with metakaolin
on durability has been studied.
Result
A number of important properties of the
made mortar and concrete among others
compressive strength, sorptivity,
permeability, water absorption, chloride
penetration, sulfate resistance,
carbonation, drying shrinkage,
corrosion resistance, and resistance to
acid attack have been discussed here.
Finally, several potential studies have
been suggested for the future research
Finally, very good correlation is
observed between non-steady state
diffusion coefficient and electrical
conductivity and between non-steady
state diffusion coefficient and the
initially measured current
 
 CONTRIBUTION
Noteworthy contribution in the field of proposed work

Author Name Contribution

Sivakumar (2015) Used leca as the replacement aggregate in place of coarse
aggregate in order to develop the light weight aggregate
concrete. In addition to leca, it also uses fly ash and
bottom ash as the mineral admixtures

The compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity

(UPV), and density for cement mortar containing high
J. M. Khatib (2013) volume of metakaolin (MK) as partial substitution of
cement. Portland cement (PC) was partially replaced with
0-50% MK.
 METHODOLOGY
Proposed Methodology during the tenure of research work
Materials used
 Cement-Ordinary Portland cement 43 grade confirming to IS
12269-1987.

 Fine aggregates –Aggregates passing through 4.75mm IS sieve

and retained on 2.36mm IS sieves are taken.

 Coarse aggregates –Normal aggregates passing through 12mm

IS sieve and retained on 10 mm IS sieve are taken.

 Light
weight aggregates used in experimentation-LECA &
CINDER as replacement to normal coarse aggregates
Methodology (Cont..)

sieve analysis of fine aggregates.

sieve analysis of coarse aggregates (gravel)

Methodology (Cont..)

sieve analysis of leca.

sieve analysis of cinder.

Methodology (Cont..)
Compression strength test
Compression strength is defined as the maximum capacity of the material to resist the
compressive load applied on it. Compression strength is the most important hardened
property of concrete

Split tensile test:

Concrete is strong in compression and weak in tension hence determination of tensile
strength of concrete is very important to determine the load corresponding to which
hardened concrete cracks.
Methodology (Cont..)
Flexural
. test:
Flexural strength is one of the indirect methods of determination of
tensile of hardened concrete. The cracking and deflection of concrete
depend on flexural strength of concrete.
Methodology (Cont..)
Experimental Setup
 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Slump values verses aggregate proportion for M 20 grade concrete.

Slump values verses aggregate proportion for M 30 grade concrete.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION (Cont..)

Comparison of slump values for both M 20 and M30

grade concrete w.r.t the aggregate proportion

Comparison of aggregate proportion verses compressive strength

 
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION (Cont..)

Comparison of aggregate proportion verses density

Comparison of aggregate proportion verses compressive strength

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION (Cont..)

Comparison of aggregate proportion verses density

Comparison of compressive strength values for M20 and M30 grade concrete
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION (Cont..)

Comparison of densities for M20 and M30 grade concrete

Comparison of aggregate proportion verses split tensile strength

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION (Cont..)

Comparison of aggregate proportion verses split tensile strength

Comparison of split tensile strength values for M20 and M30 grade concrete
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION (Cont..)

Comparison of aggregate proportion verses flexural strength

Comparison of aggregate proportion verses flexural strength

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION (Cont..)

Comparison of aggregate proportion verses flexural strength

for M20 and M30 grade concrete
 CONCLUSION
 The value of slump is observed to be more for 40% replacement with leca and
60% replacement with cinder for both M20 and M30 grade concrete.
 The compression strength values for both M20 and M30 grade of concrete are
found to be decreased, with respect to the variation in the aggregate proportion.
The amount of strength gained is found to be increased with increase in the
curing period of concrete. Maximum strength is observed for 28 days of curing
period of 32.86N/mm2 and 39.011 N/mm2for M20 and M30 grade concrete
respectively.
 The split strength and flexural strength values for both M20 and M30 grade of
concrete are found to be decreased with respect to the variation in the aggregate
proportion. But increases with respect to age and grade of concrete.
 The density and weight of the light weight aggregate concrete is found to be
less as and when compared to the normal conventional concrete for both M20
and M30 grade of concrete.
 With 40 % replacement of leca and 60% replacement of cinder give a better
strength with less weight as compared to that of other aggregate proportions. 
 OUTCOME
Expected Outcome of the Proposed Work

 Todevelop light weight structural concrete by blending with

LECA and CINDER for M20 & M30grade of concrete.

 To produce light weight structural concrete by varying

proportions of LECA and CINDER in order to obtain optimum
strength with less density
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THANK YOU