Ethical Considerations In Research

Done By: Mohamad Ali Jaber-202200679

Presented To: Dr. Ahmad Tarabay
Course: PHBS224
Table Of Content:

Introduction

Why do ethics matter in research

Basic ethical principles

Sorts of ethical principles

References
 Introduction:
• In research, ethical considerations are a set of principles that
guide your research designs and practices.
• When collecting data from people, scientists and researchers
must always follow a set of rules.
 Human research goals include:
 Understanding real-world phenomena
 Researching effective treatments
 Studying behaviors
 Improving people's lives.
What you study and how you study it are both crucial ethical
considerations.
Why Do Ethics Matter
In Research?
• Scientific integrity, human rights and dignity,
and science-society collaboration all require
research ethics.
• To protect participants from long-term or
excessive harm, it is critical to strike a balance
between research goals and ethical research
methods and procedures.
• Disobeying research ethics can reduce research
credibility, and research ideas should not be
viewed as morally dubious.
 Basic Ethical Principles:

Respect For Persons:

Participants in research must be willing to participate and have
adequate knowledge to participate in non-harmful activities with
adequate security to prevent further harm.
Beneficence:
The researcher is responsible for the physical, mental, and social
well-being of the research participants, using new knowledge,
scientific advances, and personal or professional research goals,
according to the principle of beneficence.
Justice:
No one group of people should be jeopardized for the sake of
another. Researchers and sponsors must distribute risks to potential
participants and communities in an equitable manner.
 Sorts Of Ethical Issues:
There are several ethical issues to consider in your research design, and these issues may overlap.
If you intend to collect data from participants, you should usually outline how you will handle each
issue in your research proposal.

Informed Voluntary Results Potential for

Anonymity Confidentiality
consent participation communication harm
Informed Consent:
• Obtaining consent entails participants agreeing to
participate in a research study after being informed
about the hypothesis and potential risks.
• Individuals should be given a written document
outlining the hypothesis and the tasks they will be
required to perform during the trial before deciding to
participate in a study.
• Example:
• The following information must be available to
participants:
• The research project's objectives
• The study's anticipated findings
• The study's negative effects on the participants
• The source of the study's funding
• It is critical to obtain the participants' informed
consent because they will understand the nature
of their involvement and have the option to
decline participation.
 Anonymity:
• It is critical to ensure the effectiveness of research by
maintaining participant confidentiality and ensuring that
individual responses from participants remain unidentifiable
when conducting investigations.
• During the preliminary phase of the investigation, no personal
information, such as names and addresses, be collected.
• Example:
• You are conducting a survey of university students who must
provide demographic information.
• You anonymize the data to protect the identities of the
participants because it may allow others to identify specific
individuals.
• By assigning participant numbers for identification purposes,
survey data is distinguished from personal information.
 Voluntary
Participation:
• Engaging in voluntary research is a fundamental
principle that guarantees that participants make
a knowledgeable choice to take part and is
safeguarded by scientific regulations and global
legislation.
• When dealing with susceptible populations,
ensure that there is no coercion to discontinue
the research at any point without feeling
compelled to do so.
• Example:
• Ensure that when enlisting volunteers for a
research, it is explicitly stated that their
involvement is entirely optional, and they have
the liberty to withdraw from the study at any
point without any consequences.
 Results Communication:
• When disseminating your research outcomes, ethical
aspects should be considered.

• In research, it is crucial to have truthful, dependable, and

reliable communication. It is recommended that your
findings are presented with maximum clarity.

• Try to prevent any form of plagiarism or misconduct in your

research.
• Self Plagiarism: Self-replication is the act of reusing or
resubmitting sections of one's work without attribution,
which can have negative consequences for other academics
and violate their copyright.
• Research Misconduct: is a type of academic fraud in
which data is falsified, data analyses are manipulated, or
results in research reports are misrepresented.
• It has the potential to undermine academic integrity and
waste funding and resources.
 • Confidentiality ensures no one can obtain or access any
information related to participants, and confidentiality
ensures that all information is included in study reports.

Confidentiality: • Example:
• Data security is the most important idea; measures must be
taken to protect data and mitigate any potential threats to
data security, with signed consent forms secured in a locked
cabinet and survey data files shielded by passwords.
Potential for Harm:
• Potential risks are the potential consequences of a subject's
participation in research.
• Before interacting with research participants, researchers
must be aware of these risks.
• The consent form usually includes a list of potential risks and
the protocols in place to address them.
• Example:
• A stress study is a method of inquiring about college
students' drinking habits.
• It is critical to warn them of the dangers and reassure them
that their responses will be kept private.
• Participants are given information about student counseling
programs and advice on how to manage alcohol use after
completing the survey.
References:

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pm
c/articles/PMC5037952/
• https://www.apa.org/monitor/jan
03/principles
• https://mypeer.org.au/monitoring
-evaluation/ethical-considerations
/
• http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.p
hp?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-
53072015000100019
Thank You