Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Process Costing
Process Costing
CHAPTER
Process
Costing
6 -2
Objectives
1. Describe the After
basic studying
characteristics
this and cost
flows associated with process manufacturing.
chapter, you should
2. Define equivalentbeunits and
able to:explain their role in
process costing. Explain the differences
between the weighted average method and the
FIFO method of accounting for process cost.
3. Prepare a departmental production report using
the weighted average method.
Continued
6 -3
Objectives
4. Explain how process costing is affected by
nonuniform application of manufacturing
inputs and the existence of multiple
processing departments.
5. Appendix: Complete a departmental
production report using the FIFO method.
6 -4
Healthblend Sequential
Nutritional
Supplements
Processing
Parallel Processing
(hard disk drives for personal computers)
Process 1 Process 2
Finished
Assembly Goods
Process 3 Process 4
Production and Testing of
assembly of write-head and
write-head and disk drive
Testing of
Production
disk driveof circuit board
circuit board
6 -6
Department A
=
100 units completed = 100 equivalent units
=
200 units, 50% completed = 100 equivalent units
Continued
6 -14
Production:
Units in process, July 1, 75% complete
20,000
Units completed and transferred out
50,000
Units in process, July 31, 25% complete
6 -17
$3,525 $10,125
$13,650
30,000
+
EWIP, 25% Complete
2,500
52,500
6 -19
Cost Assignment:
Cost/Unit = $13.750 ÷ 52,500 + $0.26
Transferred Out ($0.26 x 50,000) $13,000
EWIP ($0.26 x 2,500) 650
Total Cost Assigned $13,650
6 -20
20,000
Units
Units started during
accounted for: the period
Unit completed and transferred out:
40,000
Started
Total and
unitscompleted
to account for 30,000
From beginning work in process 20,000
60,000 50,000
Units in ending work in process (25%
complete)
10,000
6 -21
Units completed
50,000
Add: Units in ending work in process x Fraction
complete (10,000 x 25%)
2,500
Equivalent units of output
52,500
Healthblend
Nutritional
Supplements
6 -22
$13,650 =
52,500
$0.26 per equivalent
unit
6 -23
Healthblend
Nutritional
Supplements
6 -24
The
manufacturing
costs to
Healthblend account for are
Nutritional also $13,650.
Supplements
6 -25
Production
Report
Weighte Healthblend Company 6 -26
d Picking Department
average Production Report for July 2004
UNIT INFORMATION
Physical Flow
Units to account for: Units accounted for:
Units in beginning Units completed
50,000
work in process 20,000 Units in ending
Units started 40,000 work in process
10,000
EquivalentTotal
Unitsunits to Total units
Unitsaccount for
completed 60,000
50,000 accounted for
Units60,000
in ending Continued
work in process 2,500
Total equivalent units 52,500
6 -27
COST INFORMATION
Costs to account for:
Beginning work
in process $ 3,525
Incurred during
period 10,125
Total cost to
account for $13,650
Continued
6 -28
Transferred Ending
Out WIP Total
Nonuniform
Application of
Manufacturing
Inputs
Healthblend
Nutritional
Supplements
6 -30
Equivalent Units
Healthblend Picking Department
Nutritional
Supplements
60,000
10,000 units equivalent units
Beginning
WIP inventory 50,000 units
of material and
Started and
conversion cost
completed transferred out
Materials, 100%
complete;
conversion cost,
100% complete as to
50% completeboth materials and
conversion cost
6 -31
Equivalent Units
Healthblend Picking Department
Nutritional
Supplements Conversion
Materials Costs
10,000 units
Beginning
WIP inventory 50,000 units
Started and 60,000 60,000
completed
20,000 units
September Ending WIP
inventory
Equivalent Units
Healthblend Picking Department
Nutritional
Supplements Conversion
Materials Costs
10,000 units
Beginning
WIP inventory 50,000 units
Started and 60,000 60,000
completed
20,000 units
September Ending WIP
inventory 20,000 8,000
6 -33
Equivalent Units
Healthblend Picking Department
Nutritional
Supplements Conversion
Materials Costs
10,000 units
Beginning
WIP inventory 50,000 units
Started and 60,000 60,000
completed
20,000 units
September Ending WIP
inventory 20,000 8,000
Equivalent units 80,000 68,000
6 -34
Healthblend
Nutritional
Materials $12,000
Materials $1,600 Conversion Supplements
Conversion cost $3,200
cost $200
MaterialsCost $13,600
Conver. $3,400
10,000 units EU 80,000
68,000
Beginning
WIP inventory 50,000 units = Cost per EU $0.22
$0.05
Started and
completed
20,000 units
Ending WIP
inventory
d Picking Department
average Production Report for September 2004
UNIT INFORMATION
Physical Flow
Units to be accounted for: Units accounted for:
Units in beginning Units completed
60,000
work in process 10,000 Units in ending
Units started 70,000 work in process
20,000
Total units to Total units
account for 80,000 accounted for
80,000
Continued
6 -36
Equivalent Units
Materials Conversion Cost
Continued
6 -37
COST INFORMATION
Conversion
Materials Cost Total
Costs to account for:
Beginning work in process $ 1,600 $ 200
$ 1,800
Incurred during the period 12,000 3,200
15,200
Cost per equivalent unit $ 0.17 $ 0.05 $ 0.22
Total costs to account for $13,600 $3,400
$17,000
Continued
6 -38
Transferred Ending
Out WIP Total
Multiple Departments
Units to account for:
Units in beginning work in process 15,000
Units transferred in during September 60,000
Total units to account for 75,000
Units accounted for:
Units completed and transferred out:
Started and completed 55,000
From beginning work in process 15,000
Units in ending work in process 5,000
Total units accounted for 75,000
6 -40
Multiple Departments
Transferred in:
Units completed 70,000
Add: Units in ending work in
process X Fraction complete
(5,000 x 100%) 5,000
Equivalent units of output 75,000
Production Report
—Fifo Costing
6 -42
FIFO Method
$3,525 $10,125
BWIP Current-
Units Period Units
6 -43
FIFO Method
Output for July
60,000 Total Physical Units Become 37,500
BWIP Equivalent Units
5,000
+
Units Started and Completed
30,000
+
EWIP, 25% complete
2,500
37,500
6 -44
FIFO Method
Cost Assignment:
Unit Cost = $10,125 ÷ 37,500 = $0.27
Transferred Out:
From beginning work in process $ 3,525
Complete BWIP ($0.27 x 5,000) 1,350
Started and Completed in July
($0.27 x 30,000) 8,100
EWIP ($0.27 x 2,500) 675
Total Cost Assigned $13,640
Healthblend Company 6 -45
Continued
6 -46
Physical Equivalent
Flow Units
Continued
6 -47
COST INFORMATION
Costs to account for:
Beginning work
in process $ 3,525
Incurred during
period 10,125
Total cost to
account for $13,650
Continued
6 -48
Transferred Ending
Out WIP Total
Chapter Six
The End
6 -50