SCOPE OF APPLICATION

WEEK 5
WHO HAS HUMAN
RIGHTS?
 Non-Nationals
WHO HAS HUMAN
RIGHTS?
 Non-Nationals
WHO HAS HUMAN  Non-Nationals and Socio-Economic and Cultural Rights (Article 2)

RIGHTS?
WHO HAS HUMAN  Unborn (Mellet v Ireland, Human Rights Committee, 2016)

RIGHTS?
 ECHR allows Corporations,
WHO HAS Political party, Trade Unions to
HUMAN RIGHTS? have standing before the ECtHR

UN Human Rights Treaties do

(ARTIFICIAL not allow (exception being
ENTITIES)
under CERD)
STATE RESPONSIBILITY

 Conduct of State vis-à-vis Private Actors

STATE RESPONSIBILITY
TRIPARTITE TEST- RESPECT, PROTECT, FULFIL (GENERAL COMMENT NO 31, HUMAN RIGHTS COMMITTEE) AND PRIVATE
ACTORS
STATE RESPONSIBILITY
INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS
 ECHR
STATE  BEHRAMI & SARAMATI, 2007
RESPONSIBILIT  AJ-JEDDA V. UNITED KINGDOM, 2011
Y  JALOUD V NETHERLANDS, 2014
BEHRAMI AND SARAMATI
(ADMISSIBILITY
APPLICATION), 2007
BEHRAMI AND
SARAMATI
(ADMISSIBILITY
APPLICATION), 2007
BEHRAMI AND SARAMATI
(ADMISSIBILITY
APPLICATION), 2007

 Retention of ultimate authority

and control
STATE AJ-JEDDA V. UNITED KINGDOM (WHETHER THE UN SECURITY
COUNCIL HAD EFFECTIVE CONTROL)
RESPONSIBILITY
STATE
RESPONSIBILITY
AJ-JEDDA V. UNITED
KINGDOM (WHETHER THE
UN SECURITY COUNCIL HAD
EFFECTIVE CONTROL)
STATE RESPONSIBILITY
AJ-JEDDA V. UNITED KINGDOM (WHETHER THE UN SECURITY COUNCIL HAD EFFECTIVE CONTROL)
STATE RESPONSIBILITY
AJ-JEDDA V. UNITED KINGDOM (PARA 83)
STATE
RESPONSIBILITY
AJ-JEDDA V. UNITED
KINGDOM (ATTRIBUTION TO
UK)
STATE JALOUD V NETHERLANDS, 2014
RESPONSIBILITY
WHERE DO
HUMAN RIGHTS
APPLY?
EXTRA-TERRITORIAL APPLICATION
OF INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS
LAW
WHERE DO EXTRA-TERRITORIAL APPLICATION AS “EXCEPTIONAL”
HUMAN RIGHTS
APPLY? BANKOVIC ET AL V BELGIUM ET AL, 2007 (THE SPATIAL MODEL)
WHERE DO
HUMAN RIGHTS BANKOVIC ET AL V BELGIUM ET AL, 2007
APPLY?
WHERE DO
HUMAN RIGHTS BANKOVIC ET AL V BELGIUM ET AL, 2007
APPLY?
WHERE DO
HUMAN RIGHTS BANKOVIC ET AL V BELGIUM ET AL, 2007
APPLY?
WHERE DO EXTRA-TERRITORIAL APPLICATION AS “EXCEPTIONAL”
HUMAN RIGHTS
APPLY? BANKOVIC ET AL V BELGIUM ET AL, 2007
WHERE DO
HUMAN RIGHTS BANKOVIC ET AL V BELGIUM ET AL, 2007
APPLY?
WHERE DO REJECTING “CAUSE AND EFFECT TEST”
HUMAN RIGHTS BANKOVIC ET AL V BELGIUM ET AL, 2007
APPLY?
WHERE DO HUMAN
RIGHTS APPLY?
DOCTRINE OF LEGAL SPACE
(ESPACE JURIDIQUE)
BANKOVIC ET AL V BELGIUM
ET AL, 2007
WHERE DO AL-SKEINI V UNITED KINGDOM, 2011
HUMAN RIGHTS
APPLY? REAFFIRMING EXCEPTIONAL CIRCUMSTANCES
WHERE DO HUMAN
RIGHTS APPLY?

AL-SKEINI V UNITED KINGDOM, 2011

STATE AGENT AUTHORITY AND

CONTROL [THE PERSONAL MODEL]
WHERE DO HUMAN
RIGHTS APPLY?

AL-SKEINI V UNITED KINGDOM, 2011

STATE AGENT AUTHORITY AND

CONTROL
WHERE DO AL-SKEINI V UNITED KINGDOM, 2011
HUMAN RIGHTS
APPLY? STATE AGENT AUTHORITY AND CONTROL
WHERE DO AL-SKEINI V UNITED KINGDOM, 2011
HUMAN RIGHTS
APPLY? EFFECTIVE CONTROL OVER THE AREA
WHERE DO HUMAN
RIGHTS APPLY?
AL-SKEINI V UNITED
KINGDOM, 2011

LEGAL SPACE
HANAN V GERMANY
(2021)
 The Procedural Model
HANAN V GERMANY
(2021)
HANAN V GERMANY (2021)