GROUP

IDK

Basic
Concepts and
Principles of
Social
Science Ideas
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PSYCHOANALYSIS

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Basic Concepts and
of S ocial S cience Ideas
Principles
A. Psychoanalysis
-It is a theory of personality, an approach
to psychotherapy, and
method of investigation that analyzes
the psychodynamics of the
person’s personality in terms of Id, Ego, and Superego.
-According to Sigmund Freud, the study of society also
involves an
analysis of the human mind. Its central principle
is exploring of the
individual’s unconscious mental that
processes manifested in are
his or her dreams or conflict with others.

BORCELLE APPAREL 2
Three (3) Freudian Structure
of Human Personality:
A.Id (It) – pertains to the immature, selfish, and demanding
instinct of the personality that influences the drive to satisfy
the body and worldly desires of the self, totally unmindful of
the societal norms and value systems; consisting of
unconscious drive and the individual’s reservoir of sexual
energy.
B.Ego (Self) – pertains to the organized and realistic aspect of the
personality that mediates between the Id’s aggressive
tendencies and the moral imperatives of the superego; deals with
the
demand of reality.
C.Superego (Above self) – refers to the critical and moral
dimension of the personality that invokes behavior that

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society deems acceptable and ethical; serves as the harsh
internal judge of our behavior that what we often call as
BORCELLE
R A T IO N A L C H O IC E
T H E O RY

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A theory that states that individuals use rational calculations to
make rational choices and achieve outcomes that are aligned with
their own personal objectives. These results are also associated
with maximizing an individual's self-interest. Using rational choice
theory is expected to result in outcomes that provide people with
the greatest benefit and satisfaction, given the limited option they
have available.

It is where an individual makes a decision that will provide them

with the greatest benefit and satisfaction, given the limited
option/ resources they have available

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Adam Smith (1723- 1790)

• One of the first economists to develop the

underlying principles of the rational choice
theory.

• A Scottish philosopher, pioneer in Political

Economics

• Father of Modern Economics

 In this theory, cost-benefit is always performed in
every given situation, where people make decisions
because the benefit always outweighs the cost based
on their self- interest or personal- preferences.

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Rational Choice Theory is used to model human decision
making especially in the context of Economics, where it helps
economists better understand the behavior of a society in
terms of individual actions as explained through rationality, in
which choices are consistent because they are made according
to one's personal interest.

It also helps economists predict the consequences of decision

making based on scarcity- a basis arising from people's
unlimited desires with limited resources.

Scarcity propels economic activity, primarily by forcing people

to make rational choices to maximize the use of their
resources.
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In making decisions on how to utilize resources, people take into
consideration the fact that most resources are scarce - that is to say,
resources are finite and limited. It becomes a key issue as everyone’s
needs and wants are unlimited and cannot be accommodated or
satisfied due to resource insufficiency.
- Two (2) Fundamental Principles of Rational Choice:
a. Rationality or goal orientation
–it means that people’s interest leads to collective action or that
collective action produces a collective goal.
b. Self-interest
–it means that people can be relied on to know what they want, tend to
evaluate the benefits and risks of their action before making a decision,
and can determine which action or decision yields the best
consequence.
1.It is a theory of personality-

2.According to , the study of society

also involves an analysis of the human mind

3-5. What are the 3 Freudian Structure of

Human Personality
6.It refers to the critical and moral dimension of
the personality that invokes behavior that
society deems acceptable and ethical.
7. It predicts the social consequences of
decision-making based on scarcity.
A.Economics C. Rational
B.Hermeneutic Choice
s D. Spatial
Processes
8. It propels economic activity by forcing people to make rational
choices to maximize their resources.
A.Proble C.
m Satisfaction
B.Risk D. Scarcity
9.What best describes Rational Choice?
A.Cost vs C. Prize vs
Benefit Value
B.self-interest D. Cost vs
10.The two (2) Fundamental
Product Principles of Rational
Choice?

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