LAN 103

Critical Reading as Looking for Ways

of Thinking and Kinds of Claims

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INTRODUCTION

What is Critical Reading?

Critical Reading
A MORE ACTIVE WAY OF READING.

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INTRODUCTION

What is Critical Reading?

When we read critically,

WE USE OUR CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS.

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SIMPLE AND CRITICAL READING

Critical Reading
A MORE ADVANCED FORM AND A HIGHER
LEVEL OF READING

It is a type of reading whereby the reader analyzes and

interprets the reading material to know if it presents logical
ideas and their connections.

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SIMPLE AND CRITICAL READING

Simple VS. Critical

Simple Reading Critical Reading

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IDENTIFYING AND RECOGNIZING THE
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A MORE ADVANCED FORM AND A HIGHER
MEANING OF A TEXT LEVEL OF READING

It gives the basic definition of a text and its central It reflects on what the text does by making judgment and its
idea is the message being imparted. In Simple certain goal is to recognize the author's purpose in writing
Reading, the reader is able to absorb and understand the material, understand the tone and persuasive elements in
the given message. it, and to recognize bias in the text.

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CRITICAL THINKING

Critical Thinking
A SERIES OF COMPLEX THOUGHT
PROCESSES

Critical Thinking allows you to make reasoned judgments,

assess the way you think, and solve problems effectively.

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EXPLICIT AND IMPLICIT CLAIMS
Explicit and Implicit claims in a text
EXPLICIT
• Information that is clearly stated
and leaves no room for
interpretation.
• obvious and apparent; directly
stated
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IMPLICIT
• Information that doesn't directly
provide information and instead
requires the reader to infer what's
going on
• not expressed clearly; only
suggested; indirectly stated
EXPLICIT AND IMPLICIT CLAIMS
Explicit
"It was a stormy night in Victoria.
The strong winds were causing the trees to
sway, and it rained for hours."
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Implicit
"Ethan peered out the window before
heading to bed. The trees were wildly
swaying, and the puddles in her yard were
growing larger by the minute."
KINDS OF CLAIMS

Kinds of Claims
BE IN G A BL E TO IDEN TIFY TH ES E
T YP ES OF CL AIM S IN OT HE R
P EO PL E'S AR GU MEN TS C AN HE LP U S
FACT, POLI CY & VALUE B ET TE R CRA FT O UR OW N.

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KINDS OF CLAIMS

Kinds of Claims | Fact

• These are claims that are derived from factual information like definition, data, history, or causal
connections.

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Kinds of Claims | Policy
• Specific and measurable actions that need to be done in order to address issues or concerns presented
in an argument or proposition.

2
Kinds of Claims | Value
• A claim of value is arguable since it is based on one's subjective opinion, judgment, appraisals, and
evaluations. It can be shown explicitly or implicitly.

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KINDS OF CLAIMS

Kinds of Claims | Fact

• A claim of fact must be verifiable. It shows explicit information.

1
Kinds of Claims | Policy
• This must be verifiable and explicit. However, it can be measured subjectively and encourage
debates. Also, claims of policy o en use "should", "must," and "ought to".

2
Kinds of Claims | Value
• The value or worth of something is dependent on the standards utilized in assessing the value of a
claim.

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KINDS OF CLAIMS

Claim of Fact Claim of Policy Claim of Value

EXAMPLE EXAMPLE EXAMPLE

• The oldest known disease in the world • The GSW is the best team in NBA. • Congress should pass the dream act.
is "leprosy". • Capital punishment is unjust. • The death penalty should be abolished
• The death penalty does not deter crime. in Illinois.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD CLAIMS

A
A claim should be argumentative and
debatable.

Characteristics C
A claim should be specific and focused.

of Good Claims E
A claim should be interesting and engaging.

G A claim should be logical.

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THANK YOU!

Thank you for

listening!

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