FOOD DISORDERS

By Ana Casas, Lola Manteiga, Cloe Lorenzo and Ananda Valverde.

INDEX
 Introduction  Obesity
 Interesting facts  Permarexia
 Anorexia  Advertising 
 Fatorexia  Conclusions 
 Bulimia   How we con help 
 Vigorexia  Bibliography
 INTRODUCTION

 The term “Eating Disorder” is  a variety of eating patterns which are
considered abnormal and potentially harmful that cause
unhealthy eating habits to develop. They might start with an
obsession with food, body weight, or body shape. In some
cases, eating disorders can cause serious health consequences and
may even result in death if not treated.

 There are a lot of eating disorders, but the most common are anorexia

and bulimia.

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 INTERESTING FACTS.

 Eating disorders in teenagers are the most common (41%).

 Of all psychological diseases, eating disorders have the highest mortality rates.

 Men and women, both young and old, rich and poor, all minorities, suffer
from eating disorders.

 Eating disorders are more common in women than in men.

ANOREXIA

 Anorexia nervosa is a mental disorder characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight, to avoid it the
patient restricts food and can reach fasting.

 Being very concerned with weight and shape.

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 Having a childhood anxiety disorder. 4A1ECE69E5FE1674808AEE2E93CEE77523&thid

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 Having a negative self-image.

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 Having certain cultural or social ideas about health

and beauty.
 Trying to be a perfectionist or being too focused on
rules.
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CHARACTERISTICS OF ANOREXIA

 Eating very little, to the point of starving to death.

 Intensive and excessive exercise.
 Extreme thinness.
 Intense fear of gaining weight.
 Distorted body image: Looking overweight even
when you are extremely low in weight.
 Suffering from depression. https://www.google.com/search?q=anorexia+&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwi2tP3Cp5TtAhXJ8IUKHfxNBr8Q2-
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FATOREXIA

 Fatorexia, commonly known as megarexia, is a

disease that causes a distortion of reality with
respect to one's physical perception; but it occurs
in overweight people producing an anti-anorexia
effect.

 People with fatorexia believe they have good

physique and healthy conditions, even though
reality shows otherwise: they are overweight and https://www.bing.com/images/search?
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 FATOREXIA SYMPTOMS

 Fatorexia can become as dangerous to health as anorexia and can also lead to death from the
health problems of obesity. People who suffer from excess weight are at the same risk as those
who are obese, from many chronic diseases, including:

 Diabetes
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 Hypertension view=detailV2&ccid=lWjb1e9g&id=01AAD6EECCE36DA799B22377E3
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 Dyslipidemia
CHARACTERISTICS OF FATOREXIA

 They omit their weight and body mass.

 In a medical consultation if the balance shows a higher figure, they think the machine is
defective.
 They prefer to wear loose, dark clothing.
 They avoid looking at themselves in full-length mirrors, they choose to visualize only their
face.
 They assume that people exaggerate when they notice that they are overweight.
 BULIMIA NERVOSA
 It is characterized by binge eating (consuming a
large amount of food in a short time), followed
by a period of regret, and later vomiting or
fasting (usually in secret), in an attempt to
avoid weight gain.
 Self-induced vomiting, abuse of laxatives or
diuretics or periods of “fasting” to get rid of
consumed food.
 People with bulimia nervosa may be low in
weight, have a normal weight or be overweight. https://www.bing.com/images/search?
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 BULIMIA NERVOSA
 Bulimia has twice the incidence than anorexia since many patients who start their disorder with anorexia
later migrate to bulimia nervosa.

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 BULIMIA SYMPTOMS

 People suffering from Bulimia often:

 Suffer from depression.
 Have low self-esteem.
 Need the approval of others.
 Do not realize they have a problem.
 Have shame and guilt, and mood swings.
 Withdraw from usual social interactions.

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 VIGOREXIA

 Muscle dismorphia or vigorexia is a mental disorder in

which the person becomes obsessed with their
physical state to pathological levels.

 These people have a distorted view of themselves,

they think they look weak and puny.

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 VIGOREXIA SYMPTOMS
 The main symptom is that the patient develops a training
program, that is characterized by great intensity and difficulty,
that increase muscle tone.

 This lifestyle, which ends up becoming an obsession, implies a

distancing from daily tasks, including, many times, abandoning
work or social relationships.

 As with similar pathologies such as anorexia and bulimia, patients

with vigorexia reflect great concern about their diet.
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CHARACTERISTICS OF VIGOREXIA

 Constantly looking in the mirror and feeling that the aesthetics characteristics are
not achieved.

 Weighing yourself several times a day and making comparisons with other people.

 Sometimes the person starts using drugs to stimulate muscle development.

 It is also common for those who have been bullied because of their physical
appearance during childhood.
 OBESITY
 Being obese is having an abnormal fat accumulation that presents
a risk to health.

 In 2016, more than 1.9 billion adults, 18 years and older, were
overweight. Of these over 650 million were obese.

 Most of the world's population live in countries where overweight 
and obesity kills more people  than being underweight.
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 38 million children under the age of 5 were overweight or obese in
2019.
CAUSES OF OBESITY

 Physical inactivity
 Overeating
 Genetics
 A diet high in simple carbohydrates
 Medications.
 Psychological factors
 Some diseases.
 Social issues
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 PERMAREXIA

 This eating disorder is characterized by the

obsession with diets, restricting and counting
calories that we eat.

 This has serious health consequences because

patients are always on a diet and are deprived
of groups of foods that provide vitamins or
compounds necessary for health.

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 Their mood and self-esteem are

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disproportionately influenced by weight and

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physical appearance.
 ADVERTISINGS
 In summer, in centres
specializing in eating
disorders, consultations
are increased. That is
because in summer, the
clothes are less bulky
and the shape of the
body is better
appreciated. Realistic
bodies are not shown in
ads in any
telecommunications
chain, even in the toys
of both boys and girls.

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 ADVERTISINGS

  They show perfect, subrealistic and idealized

bodies. From the first moment you get an idea of what you
r body should look like. Obviously,
a body that genetically is not common.

 Sometimes in clothing store ads, even the bodies of the m
odels are retouched to make them look thinner, with less
waist, etc.  
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 Even television presenters are usually pretty and thin. 3721A751080F310B3252E839B2&selectedIndex=20&FORM=IRPRST&ajaxhist=0

WHAT TO DO? WHAT NOT TO DO?

 Learn about eating disorders.  Giving ultimatums.

 Listen without judgment.  Commenting on appearance of weight.

 Be mindful of triggers.   Shaming and blaming.

 Be patient and supportive.  Giving simple solutions.

CONCLUSIONS
 People with eating disorders use food and the
control they have over it to compensate emotions
and feelings that are otherwise neglected.

 For some, the diets, the binge-eating and the

purging start as a way to deal with negative
emotions and to feel as if they are in control of their
personal life, but after a while these behaviours hurt
their physical and emotional health.

 Nutritional disorders are very serious and dangerous

diseases which can end in death.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

• https://www.rtve.es/television/20150922/datos-importantes-conocer/1224380.shtml
• https://www.nature.com/articles/0801699 
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eating_disorder
• https://www.lostiempos.com/tendencias/salud/20170320/que-es-fatorexia 
• https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight 
• https://www.medicinenet.com/obesity_weight_loss/article.htm 
• http://workplacementalhealth.org/Mental-Health-Topics/Eating-Disorders 
• https://www.helpguide.org/articles/eating-disorders/helping-someone-with-an-eating-
disorder.htm