THE FOUR

TEMPERAMENTS
Personal Leadership and
Human Behavior-Reaction at Home,
at Work and
in the Social Environment on
Spotlight
TEMPERAMENT
 It is the sum of our natural preferences.
 It shapes our thoughts, ideas, impressions
and the way we tend to react to our
environment and to other people.
 A predisposition to react in certain ways,
hardwired in us.
 It is NOT learned or acquired through contact
with our environment.
 It is NOT a product of childhood trauma or
repressed memories.
TEMPERAMENT
 It is NATURE as
distinguished
from NURTURE.
 It can be shaped
and molded.
 Understanding
temperament
helps us accept,
understand and
truly appreciate
others.
WHAT TEMPERAMENT IS NOT
 It is NOT the same as
personality.
 PERSONALITY: the whole
of an individual’s patterns
of behavior, thoughts and
emotions.

 TEMPERAMENT: ‘one’
aspect of an individual’s
total personality i.e. the
aspect related to
behavior and reaction
PERSONALITY
 Our personality may
begin with a basic
temperament, BUT it is
clearly and significantly
affected by:

 ENVIRONMENT
 CULTURE
 EDUCATION
 FREE CHOICES
THE BENEFITS OF
KNOWING OUR
TEMPERAMENT
BENEFITS OF STUDYING THE
TEMPERAMENTS
 Understanding
temperaments helps
deepen our
understanding of
ourselves and others.
 When we begin to
see ourselves as we
are, we can begin to
make conscious
changes for the
better.
BENEFITS OF STUDYING THE
TEMPERAMENTS
 Understanding temperaments can
give us a way to improve all of our
relationships by identifying those
natural tendencies that can either
benefit us or trip us up.

 The four temperaments provide us

with a key to unlocking the mystery
in ourselves and in others.
THE FOUR TEMPERAMENTS

ORIGIN

 Hippocrates (460-377 B.C.), the Father of

Medical Science, claimed that human bodies
contained four main types of fluid, and that
each individual could be categorized as one
of four temperaments based on an imbalance
of those fluids in his body.
THE FOUR TEMPERAMENTS
THE FOUR MAIN TYPES OF FLUIDS IN THE BODY

 Choleric: yellow bile from the liver

 Sanguine: blood from the heart
 Melancholic: black bile from the kidneys
 Phlegmatic: phlegm from the lungs

 4 Temperaments = 4 Types of imbalances of

the fluids in the body
CHOLERIC
The Powerful
ARE YOU CHOLERIC?
THE CHOLERIC’S EMOTIONS

STRENGTHS

 Born leader
 Independent and
 Dynamic and active self-sufficient
 Compulsive, need of  Exudes confidence
change
 Can run anything
 Must correct wrongs
 Unemotional
 Strong-willed,
 Not easily
decisive
discouraged
THE CHOLERIC’S EMOTIONS
WEAKNESSES

 Bossy  Does not tend to give

 Impatient compliments
 Dislikes tears and
 Quick-tempered
emotions
 Can’t relax  Is unsympathetic
 Too Impetuous  Won’t give up when
 Enjoys controversy losing
and Arguments  Comes on too strong
 Inflexible
THE CHOLERIC AT WORK
STRENGTHS

 Goal-oriented
 Delegates work
 Sees the whole
picture
 Insists on production
 Organizes well
 Makes the goal
 Seeks practical
 Stimulates activity
solutions  Thrives on
 Moves quickly to opposition
action
THE CHOLERIC AT WORK
WEAKNESSES
 Little tolerance for mistakes
 Doesn’t analyze details
 Bored by trivia
 May make rash decisions
 May be rude and tactless
 Manipulates people
 Demanding of others
 Believes in the end justifies the means
 Work may become his God
THE CHOLERIC’S FRIENDSHIPS

STRENGTHS

 Has little need for friends

 Will work for any group activity
 Will lead and organize
 Is usually right
THE CHOLERIC’S FRIENDSHIPS
WEAKNESSES
 Tends to use people
 Dominates others
 Decides for others
 Knows everything
 Can do everything better
 Is too independent
 Possessive of friends and partner
 Finds difficulty in saying “I’m sorry.”
 May be right, but unpopular
SANGUINE
The Popular
ARE YOU SANGUINE?
THE SANGUINE’S EMOTIONS
STRENGTHS
 Appealing  Demonstrative
personality  Cheerful
 Talkative,  Sincere at heart
storyteller
 Good on stage
 Life of the party
 Always a child
 Lives in the present
 Wide-eyed and
 Memory of color
innocent
 Physically holds on  Changeable
to listener
disposition
 Emotional
THE SANGUINE’S EMOTIONS
WEAKNESSES  Egotistical
 Compulsive talker  Seems untrue/not
 Exaggerates and genuine to some
elaborates  Blusters and
 Dwells on trivia complains
 Can’t remember  Naïve, gets taken in
names
 Never grows up
 Scares others off
 Has a loud voice
 Never grows up
and laugh
 Too happy for some  Controlled by
 Restless energy circumstances
THE SANGUINE AT WORK
STRENGTHS
 Volunteers for jobs
 Thinks up new
activities  Starts in a flashy
 Looks great on the way
surface  Inspires others to
 Creative and join
colorful  Charms others to
 Has energy and work
enthusiasm
THE SANGUINE AT WORK
WEAKNESSES
 Would rather talk
 Forgets obligations  Gets easily
 Doesn’t follow distracted
through  Can waste time
 Confidence fades talking
fast  Demands loyalty in
 Undisciplined the ranks
 Priorities out of  Decides by feelings
order
THE SANGUINE’S FRIENDSHIPS

STRENGTHS
 Prevents dull
 Makes friends easily moments
 Seems exciting  Likes spontaneous
 Loves people activities
 Envied by others
 Thrives on
compliments
 Doesn’t hold grudges
 Apologizes quickly
THE SANGUINE’S FRIENDSHIPS

WEAKNESSES
 Answers for other
 Hates to be alone people
 Needs to be at the  Fickle and forgetful
centerstage  Makes Excuses
 Want to be popular  Tendency to repeat
 Looks for credit stories
 Dominates  Interrupts and does
conversations not listen
MELANCHOLIC
The Perfect
ARE YOU MELANCHOLIC?
THE MELANCHOLIC’S EMOTIONS
STRENGTHS
 Deep and thoughtful
 Analytical  Philosophical and
 Serious and poetic
purposeful  Appreciative of
 Genius-prone beauty
 Talented and  Sensitive to others
creative  Self-sacrificing
 Artistic and musical  Idealistic
THE MELANCHOLIC’S EMOTIONS
WEAKNESSES
 Remembers the  Has a persecution
negatives complex
 Moody and  Tends towards
depressed hypochondria
 Enjoys being hurt  Sometimes off in
 Self-centered another world
 Has false humility  Guilt feelings
 Too introspective  Has selective
 Low self-image hearing
THE MELANCHOLIC AT WORK
STRENGTHS
 Schedule-oriented  Economical
 Perfectionist  Sees the problem
 Has high standards  Finds creative
 Detail-conscious solutions
 Persistent and  Needs to finish what
thorough he/she has started
 Orderly and  Likes charts, graphs,
organized figures, lists.
 Neat and tidy
THE MELANCHOLIC AT WORK
WEAKNESSES
 Self-depreciating
 Not people-oriented
 Difficult to please
 Depressed over
imperfections
 Standards often too
high
 Chooses difficult
work
 Has a deep need of
approval
 Hesitant to start
 Prefers analysis to
 Spends too much
work
time planning
THE MELANCHOLIC’S
FRIENDSHIPS
STRENGTHS
 Will listen to
 Makes friends complaints
cautiously  Can solve others’
 Content to stay in problems
the background  Deep concern for
 Avoids causing other people
attention  Moved to tears with
 Faithful and devoted compassion
 Seeks ideal mate
THE MELANCHOLIC’S
FRIENDSHIPS
WEAKNESSES
 Suspicious of people
 Lives through others
 Antagonistic and
 Insecure socially
vengeful
 Withdrawn and  Unforgiving
remote
 Full of
 Critical of others
contradictions
 Holds back affection  Skeptical of
 Dislikes those in compliments
opposition
PHLEGMATIC
The Peaceful
ARE YOU PHLEGMATIC?
THE PHLEGMATIC’S EMOTIONS
STRENGTHS
 Sympathetic and
 Low key personality kind
 Easy-going and  Keeps emotions
relaxed hidden
 Calm, cool and  Happily reconciled
collected to life
 Patient  All-purpose person
 Well-balanced  Consistent life
 Quiet but witty
THE PHLEGMATIC’S EMOTIONS
WEAKNESSES
 Unenthusiastic
 Fearful and worried
 Indecisive
 Avoids responsibility
 Quiet and hidden will of iron
 Selfish
 Too shy and reticent
 Too compromising
 Self-righteous
THE PHLEGMATIC AT WORK
STRENGTHS

 Competent and steady

 Peaceful and agreeable
 Has administrative ability
 Mediates problems
 Avoids conflicts
 Good under pressure
 Finds the easy way
THE PHLEGMATIC AT WORK
WEAKNESSES

 Not goal-oriented
 Lacks self-motivation
 Hard to get moving
 Resents projects being pushed
 Lazy and careless
 Discourages others
 Would rather watch
THE PHLEGMATIC’S
FRIENDSHIPS
STRENGTHS
 Has many friends
 Easy to get along  Has compassion and
with concern
 Pleasant and  Good listener
enjoyable  Dry sense of humor
 Inoffensive  Enjoys watching
people
THE PHLEGMATIC’S
FRIENDSHIPS

WEAKNESSES

 Dampens enthusiasm
 Stays uninvolved
 Is not exciting
 Indifferent to plans
 Judges others
 Sarcastic and teasing
 Resists change
THANK YOU!