NOUN PHRASE

VERB PHRASE
Noun
phrase
WHAT IS IT?
Noun phrase ( NP) consists
of niminal head ( normally
noun or pronoun) with or
without the modifiers
before or after it.
Noun phrase has just two
immediate constituents DET
( determiner) and NOM
(nominal)
 1.DETERMINES:

Determiners are words somewhat

like adjectives in that they come
before a noun.
Determiners include: NP

+ The articles (ART): a, an,or the

+ Demonstratives ( DEM): this, that, DET NOM

these, those.
ART
+ Quantifiers (QA): some, any, no,
each,every, either, neither.
The thin girl
+ Possessives (POSS): my, your,his,
her, Jay’s…. ARTICLES
 EXAMPLES

NP NP NP

DET N’ DET N’ DET N’

QA headN PossA headN DEM headN

Some mistakes his books this table

QUANTIFIERS POSSESSIVES DEMONSTRATIVES
2.NOMINAL
( NOM)
 2.1. Pre-modifiers in NOM:
There are four major structural types of pre-modifiers:

• Adjective phrases:  commonest pre-modifiers of the noun

Ex: The thin baby.
• -ed participial: the progressive, perfect, passive participles
(V- part)
Ex: The broken table in the room.
 Adjective Ed participial

NP NP

DET COM DET COM

ART AP N
ART PartP N

A
V- Part

The thin baby

The broken table
• -ing participial: work as an ADJECTIVE.
Ex: A smiling person always looks good.

• noun: may act as pre-modifiers of head nouns.

Ex: The wonderful cinema movie.
 2.2. Post-modifiers in NOM:

• The most complex types of phrases.

• Not only do they have two possible constituents

before the head noun (determiners and premodifiers).
• Give extra or specific information about the noun.
Including three parts:

Adverb phrases

Prepositional phrases

Relative clauses
Ex: The blue cotton shirt that I borrowed from my brother
NP1

NP2 AP

DET N’1 Relative Clause

AP1 N’2

ART A AP2 N’3

ModN HeadN

The blue cotton shirt that I borrowed from my brother.

VERB PHRASE
 TYPES OF VERB PHRASES
1. Intransitive VP = Vgrp 2. Transitive VP = Vgrp + NP
e.g. sunbathed e.g have identified the victims

4. Complex Transitive VP = Vgrp

3. Ditransitive VP = Vgrp + NP
NP (DO) + AP/NP/PP (OC)
+NP
e.g. made + the lesson +
e.g. gave Steven a prize/ gave a
interesting/a mess
prize to Steven

5. Intensive VP = Vgrp + 6. Prepositional VP = Vgrp + PP

AP/NP/PP (complement) e.g. talk about linguistics
e.g. is+ rather extravagant/ an
auctioneer/in the room
What is a phrasal verb?
The one constituent that a
VERB PHRASE (VP, for short)
must contain is the VERB
GROUP (Vgrp, for short).
Contains one lexical verb and "may have
up to four auxiliary verbs, besides the
negative word not:
May not have been being interrogated
The Vgrp itself is called the
head, and the other words and
word groups are the modifiers
and/or the complements of the
head.
 1.Modifiers

Modifier of all optional adverbs

providing situational information
about actions, events, etc. talked
about in the clause in which they
occur.
The two adverbial adjuncts can be omitted without disturbing the
proposition of the two following sentences
a. The baby WAS SLEEPING (soundly).

b. Phil HAD LOST his leather wallet (beside a stream).

The relation between the Vgrp (was sleeping or had lost his leather wallet)
and the adverbial adjunct (soundly or beside a stream) is one of
modification
Thus, the use of the Vgrp without any adverbial adjunct is grammatically
acceptable.
Ex: The beautiful flowers in the garden smelled sweetly.

NP VP

PropN
VP2
Adverb phrase
[ optional Adjunct of Location]

Vgrp NP
[transitive] [direct object]
PP

Phil HAD LOST his leather wallet beside a stream.

Ex: "The big brown dog chased the small black cat down the alley."

Chased

Dog (big, brown)

Cat (small, black)

down alley
Ex: "The old man with a cane slowly walked across the street."

walked

man(old) street(across)

with(cane)

the
2. Complement
 How is the complement?
The complement is the generic term for all the
completers of the verb known as the direct
object, the indirect object, the subjective
complement, the objective complement, and
also the predicator complement.

There is a two-way dependency between the Vgrp

(as head) and the NP (as complement).
Ex: "She considers him her best friend."

considers

she him friend(best)

her
+ In the VP had lost his leather wallet beside a stream, had lost is the Vgrp, his leather wallet is the
complement and beside a stream is the modifier of the Vgrp.

NP VP1

PropN
VP2
Adverb phrase
[ optional Adjunct of Location]

Vgrp NP
[transitive] [direct object]
PP

Phil HAD LOST his leather wallet beside a stream.

GAME TIME
Paradise
Island
 8 12
9 11
7 10

13
6

14
5

18 17

3 4

16 15

1
How many types of
derterminers ?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4.
Any language unit that
functions as a noun is
called ...............
A. Abverbial
B. Clause
C. Nominal
D. Tense
 Question 5
Chúc mừng
bạn được 1
viên kẹo
In a noun phrase the
determiner normally
….... the head noun
A. Before
B. Under
C. After
D. Below
What is a verb phrase?
A. A group of words that includes a verb
and its objects, complements, and
modifiers.
B. A group of words that includes only a
verb and its direct object.
C. A group of words that includes only a
verb and its subject..
Which of the following
is an example of a direct
object in a verb phrase?
A. The cat jumped over the fence.
B. I will eat pizza for dinner.
C. She sent the email to her boss.
 Question 15
Chúc bạn may
mắn lần sau nhá
Which of the following is an
example of a modifier in a
verb phrase?
A. She ate breakfast.
B. He runs quickly.
C. They are singing loudly.