WHAT HAPPENS

TO AN ENERGY IN
AN ECOSYSTEM?
 
FOOD
CHAIN
FLOW
OF
ENERGY FOOD
WEB
 FOOD CHAIN
is a chronological pathway or an order that shows the flow of energy
from one organism to the other

a food chain shows a single pathway from the producers to the

consumers and how the energy flows in this pathway.

The primary consumers are the organisms that consume the primary
producers. In a terrestrial ecosystem, it could be a herbivore like a
cow or a goat or it could even be a man. When a goat is consumed
by man, he becomes the secondary consumer.

Each level in the food chain is called a trophic level

FOOD
CHAIN
FLOW
OF
ENERGY FOOD
WEB
 FOOD WEB

Many interconnected food chains make up a food

web

A food web shows a realistic representation of the

energy flow through different organisms in an
ecosystem

Trophic levels can be assigned in food webs just as

in food chains
ECOLOGICAL PYRAMID

VS
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
 ECOLOGICAL
PYRAMID

 The concept was first introduced by Charles Elton, the pioneer British Ecologist.

 It is a graphic representation of the relationship between organisms at various

trophic levels in a food chain.

 The basis of an ecological pyramid is biomass, energy, and number

 The bottom of an ecological pyramid is the broadest and is occupied by the

producers. They form the first trophic level. Just as in a food chain, in the
ecological pyramid also, primary consumers occupy the next level. This is because
primary consumers consume producers. Similarly, secondary consumers occupy
the third level. And then the tertiary consumers that occupy the next level and so
on.
Types of Ecological Pyramids

ECOLOGICAL PYRAMID OF
NUMBERS

ECOLOGICAL PYRAMID OF
ENERGY

ECOLOGICAL PYRAMID OF
BIOMASS
ECOLOGICAL
PYRAMID OF
NUMBERS

the important factor is the

number of organisms in each
trophic level. As we go up the
levels of the pyramid, the
number of organisms decreases.
The producers form the largest
number and hence, are at the
bottom of the pyramid.
ECOLOGICAL PYRAMID
OF ENERGY

The energy pyramid is an

upright pyramid that
represents the flow of
energy from the producers
to the final consumers
 ECOLOGICAL
PYRAMID OF
BIOMASS

This pyramid represents

the amount of biomass of
the organisms present at
each trophic level.
ECOLOGICAL PYRAMID

VS
ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION
 ECOLOGICAL
SUCCESSION

• A characteristic feature of biological communities is that their structure

and composition changes. These changes are according to certain
changes in environmental conditions.

• any form of disturbance or formation of new habitats in the ecosystem

can trigger the ecological succession
Types of Ecological Succession
Types of Ecological
SECONDARY
Succession SUCCESSION

VS
PRIMARY
SUCCESSION
PRIMARY SUCCESSION

a slow process that initiates in areas where

there are no living organisms.

SECONDARY SUCCESSION

begins in areas that were once inhabited but

destroyed due to environmental disturbances.
Secondary succession is generally faster, as most of
the other factors are already present.
THANK YOU
AND GOD
BLESS!