LECTURE 24

Chapter 3:
 Vector Calculus
 Stokes Theorem

Pn Nurzalina Harun
STOKES THEOREM
 Stokes’s Theorem (named after the English mathematical physicist George Gabriel Stokes) can be
regarded as a higher-dimensional version of Green’s Theorem. This theorem gives the relationship
between a surface integral over an oriented surface S and a line integral along a closed space curve C
forming the boundary of S.

 The positive direction along C is counterclockwise relative to the normal vector . If we imagine
grasping the normal vector with your right hand, with the thumb pointing in the direction of , our
fingers will point in the positive direction C.
 STOKES THEOREM
 Let S be an oriented surface with unit normal vector , bounded by a piecewise smooth simple closed
curve C with a positive orientation (counterclockwise). If is a vector field whose component functions
have continuous first partial derivatives on an open region containing S and C, then
❑ ❑ ⃗ ⃗
𝐹 =𝑀 𝑖+𝑁 ⃗𝑗 +𝑃 𝑘⃗
∫ ⃗𝐹 ∙ 𝑑 ⃗𝑟 =∬ ( 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 ⃗𝐹 ) ∙ 𝑛⃗ 𝑑𝑆
| |
Note: ⃗
𝑖⃗ ⃗𝑗 𝑘
𝐶 𝑆 𝜕 𝜕 𝜕
𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 ⃗
𝐹 =∇ × ⃗
𝐹=
Line integral / work done Surface integral 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧
𝑀 𝑁 𝑃
1. If R is a projection of surface S on the xy-plane, then
❑ ❑
From z-axis: ⃗ ⃗ ∇S
∬ (𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 𝐹 ) ∙ ⃗𝑛 𝑑𝑆=∬ ( ∇× 𝐹 )∙ 𝑆 𝑑𝐴 𝐷𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑛𝑡
𝑆 𝑆 𝑧
2. If R is a projection of surface S on the yz-plane, then
❑ ❑
From x-axis: ⃗ ⃗ ∇S
∬ (𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 𝐹 ) ∙ ⃗𝑛 𝑑𝑆=∬ ( ∇× 𝐹 )∙ 𝑆 𝑑𝐴
𝑆 𝑆 𝑥
3. If R is a projection of surface S on the xz-plane, then
❑ ❑
From y-axis: ⃗ ⃗ ∇S
∬ (𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 𝐹 ) ∙ ⃗𝑛 𝑑𝑆=∬ ( ∇× 𝐹 )∙ 𝑆 𝑑𝐴
𝑦
 ❑ ❑

∫ ⃗𝐹 ∙ 𝑑 ⃗𝑟 =∬ ( 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 ⃗𝐹 ) ∙ 𝑛⃗ 𝑑𝑆
𝐶 𝑆

Q: Use/ evaluate: LHS A: 1 side only RHS

Q: Use/ evaluate RHS A: 1 side only LHS

Q: Verify:
∫ ❑𝑜𝑟 ∬ ❑ A: Both side LHS
Example 1
Let C be the oriented triangle lying in the plane , as shown below. Evaluate
❑
𝑥: 6
∫ ⃗𝐹 ∙ 𝑑 ⃗𝑟 2
=3
𝐶
𝑦: 6
where =3
2
Solution: 𝑧: 6
❑ ❑ =6
1
Stokes’s Theorem: ∫ ⃗𝐹 ∙ 𝑑 ⃗𝑟 =∬ ( 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 ⃗𝐹 ) ∙ 𝑛⃗ 𝑑𝑆
𝐶
Line integral
𝑆 Projection from
Surface integral
/ work done z-axis:
Q: Use/ evaluate LHS A: 1 side only
❑ RHS 𝑦
❑
⃗ ∇S
RHS:
𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑙:∬ ( 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 ⃗𝐹 ) ∙𝑛⃗ 𝑑𝑆=¿¿ ∬ (∇ × 𝐹 ) ∙ 𝑆 𝑑 𝐴 3 𝑥+𝑦 =3
𝑆 𝑆 𝑧

| |
∇×⃗ 𝑖⃗ ⃗𝑗 ⃗ Simultaneous Equation: 𝑥
𝐹 =¿ 𝑘 ¿ − 𝑖⃗ − ⃗𝑗+2 y 𝑘⃗ 3
𝜕 𝜕 𝜕 1. 2𝑥 +2 𝑦 +𝑧 =6 2. 𝑧=0
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧
−𝑦
2
𝑧 𝑥 𝑥+ 𝑦 =3
 ❑
⃗ ∇S 𝑦
∬ (∇ × 𝐹 ) ∙ 𝑆 𝑑 𝐴
𝑆 𝑧 3 𝑥+𝑦 =3
:
𝑥
2 𝑥 +2 𝑦 +𝑧=6 𝑆1 :2 𝑥+2 𝑦 + 𝑧 − 6=0 3
⃗
∇ S=¿𝑆 𝑥 𝑖+𝑆 ⃗𝑗 +𝑆 ⃗𝑘=¿2 ⃗𝑖+2 ⃗𝑗 +1 𝑘
⃗ = 1
𝑦 𝑧

(∇ × ⃗
𝐹 ) ∙ ∇ S=¿( − 𝑖⃗ − ⃗𝑗 +2 y 𝑘⃗ ) ∙ ( 2 ⃗𝑖+2 ⃗𝑗 +1 𝑘⃗   ) =¿−2 −2+2 𝑦2
=¿𝑦 − 4
❑ 𝑦=3 𝑥=3− 𝑦
⃗ ∇ S 2 𝑦 −4  
𝑦=3 𝑥=3− 𝑦 𝑦=3
∬ (∇ × 𝐹 ) ∙ 𝑆 𝑑 𝐴=¿¿∫ ∫ 1 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦=¿¿∫ ∫ ( 2 𝑦− 4 ) 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦=¿¿ ∫ (− 2 𝑦 2 +10 𝑦 −12) 𝑑𝑦=¿¿−9
𝑆 𝑧 𝑦=0 𝑥= 0 𝑦=0 𝑥=0 𝑦=0

If Question Change to Verify : LHS & RHS

❑
LHS:
∫ ⃗𝐹 ∙ 𝑑 ⃗𝑟 Line integral , C : Not base on projection
❑ 𝐶
❑ ❑
∫ ⃗𝐹 ∙ 𝑑 ⃗𝑟 =¿¿∫ (− 𝑦2 𝑖+𝑧
⃗ ⃗𝑗+𝑥 𝑘⃗ ) ∙ ( 𝑑𝑥 ⃗𝑖+𝑑𝑦 ⃗𝑗+𝑑𝑧 ⃗𝑘) =¿¿ − 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥+𝑧𝑑𝑦+𝑥𝑑𝑧
∫
𝐶 𝐶 𝐶 3
𝑥
 ❑
: (3,0) to (0,3)
𝑦
Line integral / work done: ∫ 𝑑𝑥+𝑧𝑑𝑦+𝑥𝑑𝑧
− 𝑦 2

𝐶
3 2 𝑥 +2 𝑦 +𝑧=6 ↔ 𝑧=0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑 x=− 𝑑 𝑦 0≤ 𝑦 ≤3
=−1
𝑥 𝑑𝑦
3 𝑧=0 𝑑 𝑧=0 3
❑ 3

∫ − 𝑦 𝑑𝑥+𝑧𝑑𝑦+𝑥𝑑𝑧=¿¿∫ − 𝑦 ( − 𝑑𝑦 ) +( 0 ) 𝑑𝑦+(3− 𝑦)(0)=¿¿∫ dy=¿¿9

2
2 2 𝑦 3
0 𝑥
𝐶 0

: (3,0) to (0,6) 2 𝑥 +2 𝑦 +𝑧=6 ↔ 𝑥=0

𝑧
6 𝑑𝑧 𝑑 z=− 2𝑑 𝑦
=−2 3≤ 𝑦 ≤0
𝑑𝑦
𝑥=0 𝑑 𝑥=0
3 𝑦
❑ 0 0

∫ − 𝑦 2
∫ − 𝑦 ( 0 ) +( 6 − 2 𝑦 ) 𝑑𝑦+(0)(−2 𝑑𝑦)=¿¿∫ ( 6− 2 𝑦 ) 𝑑𝑦=¿¿ −9
𝑑𝑥+𝑧𝑑𝑦+𝑥𝑑𝑧=¿¿ 2

3 3
𝐶
 : (0,6) to (3,0) 2 𝑥 +2 𝑦 +𝑧=6 ↔ 𝑦 =0
𝑧
6 𝑑𝑧
𝑧=6 −2 𝑥 =−2 𝑑 z=− 2𝑑 𝑥 0≤ 𝑥≤3
𝑑𝑥
𝑥 𝑦 =0 𝑑 𝑦 =0
3
❑ 3 3

∫ − 𝑦 2
∫ − ( 0 ) 𝑑𝑥+( 6− 2𝑥 ) (0)+𝑥(− 2𝑑𝑥)=¿¿∫ −2x dy=¿¿−9
𝑑𝑥+𝑧𝑑𝑦+𝑥𝑑𝑧=¿¿ 2

0
𝑥
3
𝐶 0

∫ ⃗𝐹 ∙ 𝑑 ⃗𝑟 =¿¿ 𝐶 +𝐶 +𝐶 =¿9 −9 − 9=¿−9

1 2 3
𝐶

LHS=RHS=-9
 Example 2
z = 4 – x 2 – y2
Use Stokes’s Theorem to evaluate the surface integral where and S
is the surface of the paraboloid S

z = 4 – x2 – y2 and C is the trace of S in the xy-plane, as shown in the

-2 2
diagram.
C

Solution: ❑ ❑
Projection from
z-axis:
Stokes’s Theorem: ∫ ⃗𝐹 ∙ 𝑑 ⃗𝑟 =∬ ( 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 ⃗𝐹 ) ∙ 𝑛⃗ 𝑑𝑆 𝑦
𝐶 𝑆
Q: Use/ evaluate RHS A: 1 side only LHS 2 𝑥2 + 𝑦 2=4
❑
2 𝑥
LHS:
𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑙/𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑒:∫ ⃗𝐹 ∙ 𝑑 ⃗𝑟
𝐶
⃗
𝐹 ∙𝑑 𝑟⃗ =¿( 2 𝑧 𝑖+ ⃗ ) ∙ ( 𝑑𝑥 𝑖+𝑑𝑦
⃗ 𝑥 ⃗𝑗+ 𝑦 2 𝑘 ⃗ ⃗𝑗+ 𝑑𝑧 ⃗𝑘¿) 2 𝑧 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑧 Simultaneous Equation:
❑ ❑
⃗ 1.z  = 4 – x 2 –  y2 2. 𝑧=0
∫ 𝐹 ∙ 𝑑 𝑟 =¿¿∫ 2 𝑧 𝑑𝑥+𝑥 𝑑𝑦+ 𝑦 𝑑𝑧
⃗ 2

𝐶 𝐶 x 2 +  y2=4
 ❑
𝑦
: Circle
Line integral /
work done:
∫ 2 𝑧 𝑑𝑥+𝑥 𝑑𝑦+ 𝑦 𝑑𝑧 2
2 𝑥2 + 𝑦 2=4
𝐶
Circle : Use parametrization form 𝑥
2
𝑑𝑥
𝑥=𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 𝑥=2𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 𝑑𝜃
=− 2 sin 𝜃 d 𝑥=−2𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 𝑑𝜃
𝑑𝑦
𝑦=𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑦=2𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 𝑑𝜃
=2 cos 𝜃 d 𝑦=2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑑𝜃 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤2 𝜋
𝑑𝑧
𝑧=0 𝑧=0 𝑑𝜃
=0 d 𝑧=0
❑ 2𝜋 2𝜋

∫ 2 𝑧 𝑑𝑥+𝑥 𝑑𝑦+ 𝑦 2
𝑑𝑧=¿¿∫ 2(0)(−2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑑 𝜃)+(2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃)(2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑑𝜃)+(2𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃) (0)=¿¿∫ 𝜃𝑑 𝜃=¿¿
2
4 𝑐𝑜𝑠
2

0
𝐶 0
2 1 z = 4 – x 2 – y2
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃= ( 1+𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 )
2
S

[ ]
2𝜋

)|
2𝜋
1
¿4 ∫
0 2
(1+𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 ) 𝑑 𝜃=¿¿2 ∫ ( 1+𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝜃 ) 𝑑 𝜃=¿¿2
0
( 𝜃+
𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 2 𝜋
2 0-2 2

¿4 𝜋
Example 3
Use Stokes’s Theorem to evaluate where C is the rim of the
cylinder x2 + y2 = 1 where the plane y + z = 2 cut it as shown in
the diagram.

Solution: ❑ ❑
Projection from
z-axis:
Stokes’s Theorem: ∫ ⃗𝐹 ∙ 𝑑 ⃗𝑟 =∬ ( 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 ⃗𝐹 ) ∙ 𝑛⃗ 𝑑𝑆 𝑦
𝐶 𝑆
Q: Use/ evaluate: LHS A: 1 side only RHS 1 𝑥2 + 𝑦 2=1
❑
⃗ ∇S
RHS: ∬ (∇ × 𝐹 ) ∙ 𝑆 𝑑 𝐴 1 𝑥
❑ 𝑆 𝑧
❑ ❑
⃗ ∮ ∫ ( ⃗ ⃗𝑗 +𝑦 𝑘⃗ ) ∙ ( 𝑑𝑥 𝑖+𝑑𝑦
⃗ ⃗𝑗+𝑑𝑧 𝑘⃗ )
∫ 𝐹 ∙ 𝑑 ⃗
𝑟 =¿¿
𝐶
𝑧 𝑑𝑥+𝑥 𝑑𝑦+ 𝑦 𝑑𝑧=¿¿ 𝑧 𝑖+𝑥
𝐶
⃗ ⃗ 𝑥 ⃗𝑗+ 𝑦 ⃗𝑘
𝐹 =𝑧 𝑖+
𝐶
 ⃗ ⃗ 𝑥 ⃗𝑗+ 𝑦 ⃗𝑘
𝐹 =𝑧 𝑖+

| |
= ∇×⃗
𝐹 =¿ 𝑖⃗ ⃗𝑗 𝑘⃗ ⃗ ⃗𝑗+ 𝑘
¿ 𝑖+ ⃗
𝜕 𝜕 𝜕
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧
𝑧 𝑥 𝑦
❑
⃗ ∇S
∬ (∇ × 𝐹 ) ∙ 𝑆 𝑑 𝐴
𝑆 𝑧 Projection from
: z-axis:

𝑦 +𝑧=2 𝑆1 : 𝑦 + 𝑧 − 2=0 𝑦
⃗
∇ S=¿𝑆 𝑥 𝑖+𝑆 ⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ⃗ ⃗ 1 1 𝑥2 + 𝑦 2=1
𝑦 𝑗 +𝑆 𝑧 𝑘=¿0 𝑖+1 𝑗 +1 𝑘=¿ 0 𝑖+ 𝑗+ 𝑘 =

(∇ × ⃗
𝐹 ) ∙ ∇ S=¿( 𝑖+ ⃗ ) ∙ ( 0 𝑖+
⃗ ⃗𝑗+ 𝑘 ⃗   ) =¿0+1+1=¿
⃗ ⃗𝑗+ 𝑘 2 𝑥
1
❑ 𝜃=2𝜋 𝑟=1
⃗ ∇S 2
∬ ( ∇ × 𝐹 ) ∙
𝑆𝑧
𝑑 ∫
𝐴=¿¿ ∫ r 𝑑𝑟𝑑 𝜃=¿¿2 𝜋
𝑆 𝜃=0 𝑟 =0 1
 JUL 2022

Solution
𝑧
1. 3 𝑥 +3 𝑦 +𝑧=3 2. First octant

𝑆 :3 𝑥+3 𝑦 +𝑧=3 𝑦
Projection from 1 𝑥+ 𝑦 =1
𝑦 z-axis:

1 𝑥
𝑥 ❑ ❑ Simultaneous Equation:
Stokes’s Theorem: ∫ ⃗𝐹 ∙ 𝑑 ⃗𝑟 =∬ ( 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 ⃗𝐹 ) ∙ 𝑛⃗ 𝑑𝑆 2. 𝑧=0
𝐶 𝑆
Q: Use/ evaluate: LHS A: 1 side only RHS 𝑥+ 𝑦 =1
 ❑ 𝑧
RHS: ∬ (𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 ⃗𝐹 ) ∙ ⃗𝑛 𝑑𝑆 ⃗ ⃗ 𝑦 ⃗𝑗 +𝑧 2 ⃗𝑘
𝐹 =𝑥𝑧 𝑖+x
𝑆
:

| |
⃗
∇ × 𝐹 =¿
⃗
𝑖 ⃗𝑗 𝑘⃗ 𝑦
𝜕 𝜕 𝜕
=¿
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧
𝑥𝑧 𝑥 𝑦 𝑧2 𝑥
:
𝑦
⃗
∇ S=¿𝑆 𝑥 𝑖+𝑆 ⃗ ⃗
𝑦 𝑗 +𝑆 𝑧 𝑘=¿ 𝑆 𝑧 =¿
𝑥
(∇ × ⃗
𝐹 ) ∙ ∇ S=¿

❑
⃗ ∇S
∬ (∇ × 𝐹 ) ∙ 𝑆 𝑑 𝐴=¿¿
𝑆 𝑧
 FEB 2022

Solution
𝑧
1. 𝑧 =𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 2.

𝑦
Projection from
𝑦 z-axis:
𝑥
𝑥 ❑ ❑
Stokes’s Theorem: ∫ ⃗𝐹 ∙ 𝑑 ⃗𝑟 =∬ ( 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 ⃗𝐹 ) ∙ 𝑛⃗ 𝑑𝑆
𝐶 𝑆
Q: Use/ evaluate: LHS A: 1 side only RHS
 ❑ 𝑧
RHS: ∬ (𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 ⃗𝐹 ) ∙ ⃗𝑛 𝑑𝑆 ⃗ ⃗
𝐹 =− 𝑦 𝑖+xz ⃗𝑗+𝑧 𝑘⃗
𝑆 z= 4
:

∇×⃗
𝐹 =¿ 𝑦

𝑥
:
𝑦
⃗
∇ S=¿𝑆 𝑥 𝑖+𝑆 ⃗ ⃗
𝑦 𝑗 +𝑆 𝑧 𝑘=¿ =
𝑥
(∇ × ⃗
𝐹 ) ∙ ∇ S=¿

❑
⃗ ∇S
∬ (∇ × 𝐹 ) ∙ 𝑆 𝑑 𝐴=¿¿
𝑆 𝑧
 JUL 2021

Solution
2.
1. 𝑧=4 − 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2

❑ ❑
Stokes’s Theorem: ∫ ⃗𝐹 ∙ 𝑑 ⃗𝑟 =∬ ( 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 ⃗𝐹 ) ∙ 𝑛⃗ 𝑑𝑆
𝐶 𝑆
Q: Use/ evaluate: LHS A: 1 side only RHS
 ❑
𝑧 =4 − 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2
RHS: ∬ (𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙 ⃗𝐹 ) ∙ ⃗𝑛 𝑑𝑆 ⃗ ⃗
𝐹 =( − 𝑥 𝑦 +𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 ) 𝑖+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦
2 ⃗𝑗+𝑧 𝑘⃗
𝑆
:

∇×⃗
𝐹 =¿

:
𝑦
⃗
∇ S=¿𝑆 𝑥 𝑖+𝑆 ⃗ ⃗
𝑦 𝑗 +𝑆 𝑧 𝑘=¿ =
(∇ × ⃗
𝐹 ) ∙ ∇ S=¿ 𝑥
❑
⃗ ∇S
∬ (∇ × 𝐹 ) ∙ 𝑆 𝑑 𝐴=¿¿
𝑆 𝑧
 FEB 2021

Solution

Simultaneous Equation:

Stokes’s Theorem:

Q: Verify:
∫ ❑𝑜𝑟 ∬ ❑
 ⃗ ⃗ ( 𝑥 − 𝑧 ) ⃗𝑗+ ( 𝑥 − 𝑦 ) 𝑘
𝐹 =( − 𝑦 +𝑧 ) 𝑖+ ⃗
RHS:
 ❑
LHS:
𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑙/𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑒:∫ ⃗𝐹 ∙ 𝑑 ⃗𝑟 ⃗ ⃗ ( 𝑥 − 𝑧 ) ⃗𝑗+ ( 𝑥 − 𝑦 ) 𝑘
𝐹 =( − 𝑦 +𝑧 ) 𝑖+ ⃗
𝐶
⃗
𝐹 ∙𝑑 𝑟⃗ =¿
❑

∫ ⃗𝐹 ∙ 𝑑 ⃗𝑟 =¿¿
𝐶

: Circle

Circle :

∫ ( − 𝑦+𝑧 ) 𝑑𝑥+( 𝑥− 𝑧 ) 𝑑𝑦+ ( 𝑥− 𝑦 ) 𝑑𝑧=¿¿

𝐶
 JUN 2020

y
Solution 𝑧
𝑦

𝑦 𝑥

𝑥
Stokes’s Theorem:
 𝑧
⃗ ⃗ ⃗𝑗+2 𝑥 𝑘⃗
𝐹 =( − 𝑥𝑦 ) 𝑖+𝑧

𝑦
2
2 𝑥2 + 𝑦 2=4
𝑥

𝑦 2 2
2 𝑥 + 𝑦 =4

𝑥
2
 JUN 2019

𝑧 =1− ( 𝑥2 + 𝑦 2 )
𝑧

Solution 𝑧
𝑦 𝑦

𝑦 𝑥
𝑥
Simultaneous Equation:
𝑥
Stokes’s Theorem:
 𝑧
⃗ ⃗ 𝑥 ⃗𝑗 +𝑦 2 𝑘⃗
2
𝐹 =𝑧 𝑖+2 𝑧 =1− ( 𝑥2 + 𝑦 2 )

𝑥
 LHS: ⃗ ⃗ 𝑥 ⃗𝑗 +𝑦 2 𝑘⃗
𝐹 =𝑧 2 𝑖+2 𝑧
𝑧 =1− ( 𝑥2 + 𝑦 2 )

: Circle 𝑥
Circle :

∫ 𝑧 𝑑𝑥+2𝑥 𝑑𝑦+𝑦 𝑑𝑧
2 2

𝐶
 DEC 2016

Solution

𝑥=4 − 𝑦 2 − 𝑧 2

Stokes’s Theorem:
Simultaneous Equation:
𝑥=4 − 𝑦 2 − 𝑧 2
 JUN 2016

𝑧 =9 − ( 𝑥 2+ 𝑦 2 )
𝑧

Solution 𝑧
𝑦

𝑦 𝑥

𝑥
Stokes’s Theorem: Simultaneous Equation:
 𝑧
LHS: ⃗ ⃗ ⃗𝑗+𝑦 𝑘⃗
2 𝑧 =9 − ( 𝑥 2+ 𝑦 2 )
𝐹 =2 𝑧 𝑖+𝑥 9

5 z =5
𝑦

𝑥
: Circle

Circle :

∫ 2 𝑧𝑑𝑥+𝑥 𝑑𝑦+𝑦 𝑑𝑧 2

𝐶
TUTORIAL