PRESENTATION

ON
BRIEF OVERVIEW OF HYDROPOWER
Group No: 1

GROUP MEMBERS PRESENTED TO

Santosh Kumar Mahato (CRN:28) Er. Santosh Chaudhary
Sailesh Mishra (CRN:29) Department of Civil Engineering
Gyanen Man Napit (CRN:30)
Siddhant Pandey (CRN:31)
Priyanshu Pathak (CRN:32)
Abhinabh Rayamajhi (CRN:33)

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 CONTENTS

1) Introduction (Hydropower as an energy source)

2) Types of Hydropower
3) Working Principle of Hydropower Plant
4) Components of hydropower plant
5) Hydropower Potential in Nepal
6) History of Hydroelectricity in Nepal
7) Status of Hydropower in Nepal
8) Challenges in Hydropower Development in Nepal
9) Strengths of hydropower
10)Weaknesses of hydropower

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 INTRODUCTION

• Hydropower- Power derived from running water

• Has been used in watermills since ages
• Renewable form of energy
• Transfers the Kinetic energy stored in water into other forms
• Nowadays, most prominently used for generating electricity, hence
giving rise to the term “hydro-electric power plant”

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 TYPES OF HYDROPOWER
Types of Hydropower

According to According to
According to According to According to According to hydrological
Capacity head purpose facility relation transmission
types system

Large
High Run-of-River
Isolated
Single
Single purpose
Medium
Reservoirs
Medium Connected to
grid
Cascade
Small
Multi purpose

In-stream
Mini Low

Micro Pumped
storage

Pico

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 WORKING PRINCIPLE OF HYDROPOWER PLANT

It is the power generated by water, when it is flowing or falling.

Water is moved from a higher elevation point to a lower elevation
point through a large pipe.
At the end, there is a turbine and the water spins it, which moves the
shaft, that moves the generator, making electricity.
This is how the plant changes the potential energy of standing water
to kinetic energy by moving it, then converting it into mechanical
energy which produces electric energy.

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 WORKING PRINCIPLE OF HYDROPOWER PLANT

formula for total power generated from water in

hydroelectric power plant due to its height is given by
P= Q*h*g

Where P is the power produced in watt

Q is the rate of flow of water which in m3/s
h is the height of water in meter Fig. Model of Hydropower
g is the acceleration due to gravity

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 COMPONENTS OF HYDROPOWER PLANT

• Water Reservoir
• Dam
• Forebay
• Surge Tank
• Intake or control gates
• Penstock
• Spillway
• Powerhouse
• Water Turbines
• Generators
Fig. Components of hydropower

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 HYDROPOWER POTENTIAL IN NEPAL

• Second largest country in water resources after brazil.

• 6,000 rivers (including rivulets and tributaries) in Nepal
• Theoritical potential of about 83000 MW (based on 1966 PhD of Dr. Hari
Man Shrestha)
• Economically and technically feasible capacity of about 43000 MW
(According to National planning commission 1985)

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 HISTORY OF HYDROPOWER IN NEPAL
• Pharping- Inaugrated in 1911 (Capacity of 500 kW)
• Fewa Hydropower- 1 Mw
• Panauti Hydropower- 2.4 Mw
• Current Scenario - Kaligandaki-144 Mw
- Kulekhani I- 60 Mw
- Kulekhani II- 32 Mw, etc.

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 STATUS OF HYDROPOWER IN NEPAL

According to Department of electricity development (DOED) :

Status No of project Power (MW)

Operating projects 85(Above 1MW)+15(below 1120.469+11.24=1131.709

1MW)=100
Issued survey license 15(below 1MW)+238(above 10.74+16671.365=16682.105
1MW)=239
Issued Generating License 224 7869.661
Application for survey license 1(below 1MW)+11(above 0.670+325.3=325.97
1MW)=12
Application for generating phase 34(DOED)+1(IBN) 2018.009+600=2618.009

Data taken as of June, 2020

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 Hydro-electric projects of Nepal

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 Source: Anuual Report of NEA, 2076

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 STATUS OF HYDROPOWER IN NEPAL

• NEA has been responsible for generating and distributing electricity across the
country
• NEA’s hydropower plants including small power stations generated a total of
2,548.11 GWh of electricity in FY 2018/19, an increase by 10.39 % over the
generation of 2,308.37 GWh in FY 2017/18
• Total energy consumption in FY 2018/19 was 6,394.38 GWh, an increase by 13.89
% over the corresponding figure of 5,614.59 in the FY 2017/18
• The number of electricity consumers of NEA has been gradually increasing over the
years.
• The total number of consumer increased by 9.38% from 3.57 million to 3.91 million
in recent FY 2018/19
• BOOT – “Build Own Operate Transfer” policy is followed nowadays.

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 CHALLENGES IN HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT
IN NEPAL
• Improving power system planning
• Increasing access to electrification in rural areas
• Raising the needed investment
• Institutional strengthening of agencies involved in power sector
• Promoting power exchange and export
• Improving policy and regulatory framework
• Improving the selection process of projects
• Addressing environmental issues

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 STRENGTHS OF HYDROPOWER
• Environmental friendly, clean renewable
• High degree of flexibility
• Part of multipurpose project with additional benefits.
• Pumped storage for optimal integrate operation of grid
• Least operational and maintenance cost
• Additional benefits of Flood control, Tourism, fishery.

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 WEAKNESSES OF HYDROPOWER

• Mainly depends on rainfall/snowmelt.

• High capital intensive.
• Remotely located
• Gestation period is very large.

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 THANK YOU

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