Extract ethanol effect of Robusta coffe

(Coffea canephora) pulp as

antihyperlipidemia towards TAG level on
male wistar rat induced with high fat diets

Main Preceptor Co-Advisor

Dewi Ratih Handayani, dr., dr. Sri Quintina Indriyana,

M.kes M.kes.,Sp.KLPP
NID. 4121 506 74 NID. 4121 567 75

Muhamad Rifki Fauzan Karim

4111191029
Chapter
Introduction
Background

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are becoming increasingly frequent and

associated with a high incidence of disability, and death. CVD are the first cause
of mortality in the world, representing 31.5% of all global deaths.
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)

Coronary heart Peripheral Artery

Disease Disease

Cerebrovascular Aortic
Disease Artherosclerosis
Focus of this research

Hyperlipidemia
2.Hipertriglycerides
3.Ethanol Extract from Robusta Coffee Pulp (Coffea canephora) as antihyperlipidemic to reduce TAG
level
4.Mechanism of action from Pancreatic Lipase as hydrolysis enzyme for TAG absorption in intestinal
5. Polyphenol compound such as flavonoid act as Pancreatic Triglyceride Lipase inhibitor to control
absorption of triglyceride in intestinal
6. Effective dose of Coffee pulp given to male wistar rat
 Robusta coffe pulp as pancreatic lipase inhibitor
High level of
High dietary fat Triglycerides
Absorption of Triglycerides
consumption hydrolysis by
triglyceride in plasma
(Triglycerides mouth, gastric, and
enterocyte (Hypertriglyceride
and cholesterol) intestinal enzyme
mia)

Robusta coffee
Flavonoid composition act
(Coffea canephora) Cardiovascular
as Pancreatic Triglyceride
pulp composition Disease
Lipase Inhibitor (quercertin
such as flavonoid
and epigallocatechin
act as inhibitor for
gallate (EGCG))
TAG absorption
Formulation of the problem
1. Are ethanol extract Robusta coffee pulp with dose 250 mg/kg BW, 500 mg/kg
BW, and 1000 mg/kg BW prevent the increase in triglyceride levels in male
Wistar strain rats induced by a high-fat diet and PTU?

2. What dose of ethanol extract of Robusta coffee pulp was effective in

preventing the increase in total cholesterol levels in male Wistar strain rats
induced by a high-fat diet and PTU?
 Research Purpose
General Purpose
This study aimed to determine the effect
of ethanol extract of Robusta coffee pulp
in preventing an increase in Triglyceride
levels in male Wistar strain rats induced
by a high-fat diet and PTU.
Specific Purpose
1. To determine the effect of ethanol extract of Robusta coffee
rind at doses of 250 mg/kg BW, 500 mg/kg BW, and 1000
mg/kg BW in preventing the increase in triglyceride levels in
male Wistar strain rats induced by a high-fat diet.
2. To obtain a dose of ethanol extract of Robusta coffee rind
which was effective in preventing the increase in triglyceride
levels in male Wistar strain rats fed a high-fat diet.
 Research Benefit
For Academic
This research is expected to increase
the understanding of the effect of
ethanolic extract of robusta coffee
pulp in preventing an increase in total
cholesterol levels and to provide
preliminary research as a basis for
further research.
Practical
This research is expected to be a basis
for utilizing robusta coffee rind as an
alternative in the treatment of
dyslipidemia regarding the potential of
robusta coffee rind in preventing
hyperlipidemia.
Chapter
Literature
Review
Hyperlipidemia
Hyperlipidemia is defined as increase in low-density
lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol, triglyceride
levels, and decrease of high-density lipoprotein level.
Hyperlipidemia can be occurred by unhealthy diet and
poor lifestyle regimen
 Triglyceride
Triglycerides (TGs) are nonpolar lipid molecules
composed of a glycerol molecule associated with three
fatty acid (FA) molecules, and they represent the main
form of lipid storage and energy in the human
organism.

Excessive Triglycerides level plasma

(Hypertriglyceridemia) are risk factor for metabolic
disease such as obese. Obese is a risk factor for
cardiovascular disease
Mechanism of action dietary fat
absorption
Dietary fat consumption comes from food we eat, Dietary fat is processed from hydrolysis by enzyme.
This enzyme are lingual lipase, gastric lipase, and pancreatic lipase. Most hydrolysis of dietary fat
comes from intestinal lumen. Dietary fat comes from exogeneous then processed by pancreatic lipase
enzyme and emulsified by bile salt. These result can be transported to intestinal lumen and absorption
occurs.
Composition of Robusta Coffee pulp

Coffee pulp contains some nutrients such as 35-50% carbohydrates, 5.2-10%

protein, 20-30.8% fiber, 3-10.7% minerals, 84.2% water, 4.1% sugar, 2.5% fat,
1.3% caffeine, and phenolic compounds, i.e. chlorogenic acid, flavonol,
anthocyanidin, catechin, routine, tannins and ferulic acids
Flavonoid act as Pancreatic
Triglyceride Lipase (PTL) Inhibitor
Flavonoid composition act as Pancreatic Triglyceride Lipase Inhibitor (quercertin and epigallocatechin
gallate (EGCG)). Due to the fact that the metabolism of flavonoids occurs mainly in the intestine, the
interaction between them and pancreatic lipase is relevant to study. Most mechanisms of action,
proposed for flavonoids in the human body, are based on molecular interactions. Quercertin and EGCG
acts as inhibitor in active site in enzyme and prevent PTL activation to hydrolysis triglycerides in
intestinal.
Frame Work
Premise

1. Increased lipid levels in the body can be caused by an unfavorable lifestyle, secondary diseases such
as diabetes mellitus, obesity, an underactive thyroid gland, and gene mutations in lipid regulation in the
body
2. High-fat diet can cause increased absorption of TAG in the small intestine
3. Ethanol extract of robusta coffee rind contains phenolic compounds such as flavonoids
4. Flavonoid compounds can act as inhibitors of pancreatic lipase enzymes in the hydrolysis of TAG
Hypothesis

1. Ethanol extract of robusta coffee rind at a dose of 250 mg/kg BW, 500 mg/kg BW, and 1000 mg/kg
BW can reduce triglyceride levels in Wistar male white rats given with a high-fat diet.
Chapter
Research
Method
Research Design

Analytic Experimental Design

Research Subject

Robusta coffee bean

Research Object
Male wistar white rat
 Robusta coffee pulp
Inclusion Criteria
1. The skin of robusta coffee comes from ripe cherry coffee (Red)
2. Complete form

Exclusion Criteria

1. Empty cherry coffe

 Male wistar white rat
Inclusion Criteria
1. Age 2-3 months
2. Male sex
3. Active motion
4. Weight around 200-250 grams

Exclusion Criteria

1. Rate with physical abnormalities

Dropout
1. Weight loss at the end of acclimatization for 7 days.
2. Slow down or stay still
3. Rats that died during the study
 Research Variable

Dependent

Triglyceride plasma level

Independent

Ethanol Extract of the coffee pulp

 Research Procedure

Extract Research Animal Treatment

Preparation and Prepparation
Dosage

Rats were euthanized and Checking triglyceride

blood sample are taken Level
from pre-orbital
 Operational Definition
1. Ethanol extract of robusta coffee rind (Coffea canephora) is a preparation of coffee rind which is extracted
using an ethanol solution and then administered orally at a dose of 250 mg/kg BW, 500 mg/kg BW, and 1000
mg/kg BW.
2. Measurement of triglycerides in each deciliter of blood as measured by the GPO-PAP method using a
spectrophotometer with a wavelength of 540 nm. Measurement of triglyceride levels in experimental animals
was carried out to determine the effect of ethanol extract from coffee fruit peel in reducing triglyceride levels.
3. A high-fat diet is given to induce high lipid level by providing high-fat foods consisting of the brain, eggs,
water, and palm oil.
Research Flow
Data Analysis
Normality Test

Shapiro Wilk
Test

ANOVA Kruskal Walls

Post Hoc Post Hoc

Tukey Test Mann-Whitney
 BIOCHEMICAL LABORATORY
JENDERAL ACHMAD YANI UNIVERSITY

Research
Place
ANIMAL LABORATORY
JENDERAL ACHMAD YANI UNIVERSITY
 Ethics will be submitted to the Ethics Committee
Ethics Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jenderal
Achmad Yani, according to 3R and Five Freedom
of Animal Welfare principles.
Research
Schedule
Terimakasih