LECTURE 1

Introduction to Microcontrollers
By
Engr. Shehzad Haneef

1
COMPONENTS OF A
MICROPROCESSOR/CONTROLLER
 CPU: Central Processing Unit
 I/O: Input /Output
 Bus: Address bus & Data bus
 Memory: RAM & ROM
 Timer
 Interrupt
 Serial Port
 Parallel Port

2
 GENERAL-PURPOSE
MICROPROCESSOR:
 CPU for Computers
 Commonly no RAM, ROM, I/O on CPU chip itself

Many chips on motherboard

Data Bus
CPU
General-
Serial
Purpose RAM ROM I/O Timer COM
Micro- Port
Port
processor
Address Bus

3
 Microcontroller :
 A single-chip computer
 On-chip RAM, ROM, I/O ports...
 Example ： Motorola’s 6811, Intel’s 8051, Zilog’s Z8 and PIC 16X

CPU RAM ROM

A single chip
Serial
I/O Timer COM
Port
Port
Microcontroller
4
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BOTH
Microprocessor
 It is used as the "brain" of the system.

Frederick University
ACOE343 - Real-Time Embedded Processor Systems -
 It is only a chip, nothing else.

Microcontroller
Processor + memory+ A/D converters + timers
+input/output lines
All these components packed in a single package is called
microcontroller.