University of Kasdi Merbah Ouargla, Algeria

The first International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Advanced Materials

Faculty of Mathematics & Matter Sciences
Department of Physics
IC-SEAM’21 April 21-22,2021 Ouargla, Algeria
 plan 2
Abstract
Introduction
Basic Direct Torque Control

Structure of Fault Diagnosis System

Feature Extractor System
Fuzzy fault Classification
Current Patterns in Faulty Switch
Conclusion
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Keywords— Fault Diagnosis, Direct Torque Control (DTC), Voltage Source Inverter (VSI), Fuzzy Logic, Induction
Motor.
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The basic DTC scheme is characterized by the absence of coordinate transformations, current regulators and
PWM signals generators. This control strategy was first introduced by Takahashi in 1986 .
A voltage-fed inverter induction motor drive system can develop various types of faults that can be classified as
follows :
• Input supply single line to ground fault,
• Rectifier diode short-circuit fault,
• Transistor short-circuit fault,
• Transistor base drive open fault,
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Induction motor direct torque control block diagram (Basic DTC).

Structure of Fault Diagnosis System 6

Proposed fault diagnosis system

 Feature Extractor System 7
There is not a general method for building the mathematic model. In our case, we must determine a function that
applies the following :
Localization of each pattern class in between limits defined by a threshold.
Make the feature extractor universal for different speed references by normalized functions.

The function giving the feature extractor used in this paper is as follow :
 Fuzzy fault Classification 8

a. Flow Chart of Fuzzy Fault Diagnostic System, b. Faulty Current Patterns

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• Inputs are Sa,Sb,Sc they are calculated from currents Isa,Isb,Isc by using the Feature Extractor Si
• The output is Ti, i=0, …6, Ti=0, illustrate the healthy state and that indicate that there is no switching
faults in the VLSI inverter. Sc Input Fuzzification Sb Input Fuzzification
Sa Input Fuzzification
1.2 1.2

N Z P N Z P N Z P
1 1 1

member function degree u(Sa)

0.8 0.8 0.8

member function degree u(Sc)

member functiondegreeu(Sb)
0.6 0.6 0.6

0.4 0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2 0.2

0 0 0
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Sc Sa
Sb
Output Fuzzification

T6 T5 T4 T0:Healthy T1 T2 T3
1

member function degree u(Ti)

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

Inputs/Outputs Fuzzification
Faulty Switch (Ti)
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There are seven different rules to set up the aggregation process as follow :
 
If Sa is P, and If Sb is Z, and If Sc is Z, Than Ti=1 : T1 switch is defect
If Sa is Z, and If Sb is P, and If Sc is Z, Than Ti=2 : T2 switch is defect
If Sa is Z, and If Sb is Z, and If Sc is P, Than Ti=3 :T3 switch is defect
If Sa is Z, and If Sb is Z, and If Sc is Z, Than Ti=0 :Healthy mode
If Sa is N, and If Sb is Z, and If Sc is Z, Than Ti=-1 : T4 switch is defect
If Sa is Z, and If Sb is N, and If Sc is Z, Than Ti=-2 : T5 switch is defect
If Sa is Z, and If Sb is Z, and If Sc is N, Than Ti=-3 : T6 switch is defect
Current Patterns in Faulty Switch 11
T4 Faulty Leg 1 T1 Faulty Leg 1 T2 Faulty Leg 2

Without fault

T5 Faulty Leg 2 T6 Faulty Leg 3 T3 Faulty Leg 3

 Conclusion 12

A DTC fault diagnosis system using Fuzzy fault classification method has been proposed. A
feature extractor based on normalized algebraic sum is utilized to transform output stator current
signals in order to rate the signal value as an important characteristic for classifying a fault
hypothesis. The proposed method has the ability to classify and to identify the fault location with
a good performance.
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