THERMO LECTURE 1.

0
INTRO TO
THERMODYNAMICS
BY: ENGR CHRISTINE C. QUILLA
WHAT IS THERMODYNAMICS?
Derived from the Greek words thermé (heat)
and dynamikos (force or power)
The science which deals with the Thermal Energy
(heat) and all other forms of energy.
The study of Thermal Engineering
WHAT IS ENERGY?

Something that ‘gives life’ to otherwise

inanimate objects.
WHERE DOES ENERGY COME FROM?

 The major source of energy for humanity is the

thermal energy received directly from the sun in
the form of solar radiation.
For engineering applications, the major source of
thermal energy is from ‘combustion.’
ENERGY CONVERSION PROCESS

THERMAL ENERGY TO MECHANICAL ENERGY

Example is the motor car engine. The fuel is burned to produce
thermal energy which the engine then converts into the
mechanical energy needed to move the car along the road.
MECHANICAL ENERGY TO THERMAL ENERGY
The reverse process occurs when a moving car is stopped by
applying the brakes. The mechanical energy of the car is absorbed
by the brakes and converted into thermal energy.
ELECTRICAL ENERGY TO THERMAL ENERGY
Electrical energy to thermal energy example is a electric kettle.
ELECTRICAL ENERGY TO MECHANICAL ENERGY
Electrical energy supplied to a motor causes the motor shaft to
rotate. The resulting mechanical energy can example be used to
drive machine tool or proper a vehicle.
 THERMAL ENERGY TO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
In a power station, fuel such as coal or oil is burned to produce
thermal energy. This is used to produce steam which drives
machinery that produces electrical energy.
 MECHANICAL ENERGY TO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
The rotating shaft of an internal combustion engine can be
used to drive an electrical generator.
ENERGY NEEDED BY A DEVELOPED SOCIETY
Type of Energy Principal Purpose
Heating Human comfort
Cooking
Metal and Oil Refining
Glass Making

Cooling Human comfort

Food storage and Preservation
Mechanical Human Transportation
Movement of Materials
Processing of raw materials
Machine tool operations
Pumping and compression of fluids

Light and Sound Human communication

Electricity Electronics
Arc welding
Energy distribution