MUSIC

LESSON 1:

MUSIC OF SOUTH ASIA

AND MIDDLE EAST
MUSIC OF INDIA
 MUSIC OF INDIA
• Music of India includes several types of folk and
popular music. One aspect of vocal music uses
melismatic singing, when compared with the Philippines
music which uses melismatic singing only when use in
chanting epics and the passion. The samagana style of
singing is an established part of contemporary tradition
in India. The hymns in Sama Veda, a sacred text, were
sung as samagana and not chanted. Rig Veda in term of
sanctity and liturgical importance is an ancient Indian
sacred collection of Vedic Sanskirt.
 MUSIC OF INDIA
• Rhythm plays an important role in Indian music. It is
fundamental to the creation of any musical system.

• From a historical standpoint, rhythm existed many centuries

ago before the word "rag" was ever used.

• Given this historical pre-eminence, it is not surprising that

rhythm occupies an important position in the Indian system of
music.
TRADITIONAL MUSIC OF INDIA:
1. Carnatic Music

2. Hindustani Music
TRADITIONAL MUSIC OF INDIA:

1. Carnatic Music

- Music of Southern India

- It is derected to a Hindu god, which is

why it is called “temple music”

-In contrast to northern styles, Carnatic

Music is more thoroughly oriented to the
voice
TRADITIONAL MUSIC OF INDIA:

1. Hindustani Music

- Music of Northern India

- It goes back to Vedic period around

1000 BC

-Rig Veda is considered to be the oldest

known Vedic Sanskirt text that exhibits
the ancient Indian collection of hymns.
 The following term are used in Indian Music:
• Raga - combination of music notes

• Shruti - smallest interval of music

• Tala - a metric cycle with a specific number of beats that recur

in the same pattern

• Laya - tempo

• Melisma - a group of notes sung to one syllable of text

MUSIC OF PAKISTAN
 MUSIC OF INDIA
• Though Pakistan is part of South Asia, Its western part is
considered as an extension of Central Asia.

• Pakistan is known for its unique vocals.

• The distinctive Pakistan sound was formed with multiple

influences not only from various parts of South Asia but is also
includes diverse elements from the Central Asia, Persia,
Turkey, and the Arab world.
TWO TRADITIONAL MUSIC OF PAKISTAN:
1. Ghazal Music

2. Qawwali Music
TRADITIONAL MUSIC OF PAKISTAN:

1. Ghazal Music

- It is an essential ingredients of
worship as practiced by Sufis

- It is derected to a Hindu god,

which is why it is called “temple
music”
TRADITIONAL MUSIC OF PAKISTAN:

2. Qawwali Music

- It refers to a way of rendering or

Singing Sufi verses

- It is a vibrant musical tradition that

stretches back more than 700
years.
MUSIC OF ISRAEL
 MUSIC OF ISRAEL

• In general, the music of Middle East is modal. Harmony is not

emphasized but rather includes salient features such as melodic
complexity and ornamentation, including
1/4 tones and rigorous rhythmic development.
 THE MIDDLE EAST MUSIC IS COMMONLY USED
DURING:
• Communal worship (in Mosque, Synagogue and Church)

• Mystic rituals (Sufis, Hasidic)

• Life passage events (Weddings, Bar Mitzvah, Bat Mitzvah,

Anniversaries)

• Entertainment (Belly Dancing, Folk Dancing)

VOCAL MUSIC OF ISRAEL
 MUSIC OF ISRAEL

• Israel singers have a distinctive vocal style.

• They sing with guttural and troaty enunciation.

 MUSIC OF ISRAEL
• The music of Israel is a combination of Jewish and non-Jewish
music traditions that have come together over the course of a
century to create a distinctive musical culture. For almost 150
years, musicians have sought original stylistic elements that
would define the emerging national spirit. In addition to creating
an Israeli style and sound. The works of Israeli classical
composers have been performed by leading orchestras
worldwide.
TWO DIVISIONS OF JEWISH MUSIC:
1. Devotional

2. Secular
 TWO DIVISIONS OF JEWISH MUSIC:
1. DEVOTIONAL

- almost entirely vocal

- featured during Sabbath and other holy days

- The art of Hazan (leader of prayer in synagogue) has always

been evident in the cultur.

- Shofar is a special call to prayer and repentance; it is sounded on

the High Holidays
 TWO DIVISIONS OF JEWISH MUSIC:
1. SECULAR

- instrument and voice are used

- played during life passage events

- context lies outside the religious domain

- very rhythmic and have popular and romantic texts