Retaining wall and

Design of Combined
Footing
Group 2 (BSCE 5-A)
Eucasion, Kim
Gatbonton, Lara Mariz
Lina, Justine Chris
Lopez, Gabriel
 Problem 1. (Retaining Wall)
The cross section of the cantilever retaining wall shown below. Calculate
the factor of safety with respect to overturning and sliding. ϒc = 24 kN/m3
Since it is not specified a method for solving the problem, directly we
use Rankine theory. Now draw a vertical line starts from the right-
down corner till reaching the backfill line and then calculate active
force (Pa):
d = 0.458 m
H’ = 6.7 + d = 6.7 + 0.458 = 7.158 m
Now we calculate P­a:

Since the backfill is inclined and the wall is vertical, Ka is calculated

from Table 7.1 according the values of α = 10 and ф1 = 30:
Ka = 0.3495
Location of Pa:

The force Pa is inclined with angle α = 10 with horizontal:

MOT = 158.75 × 2.38 = 337.8 kN. m
Now to calculate MR we divided the soil and the
concrete into rectangles and triangles to find the
area easily (as shown above) and to find the arm
from the center of each area to point O as
prepared in the following table:
Section Area Weight/unit length of Moment arm measured Moment about O
the wall from O
1 0.595 0.595 x 18 = 10.71 33.52

2 15.6 15.6 x 18 = 280.8 758.16

3 3 3 x 24 = 72 82.8
4 0.6 0.6 x 24 = 14.4 12

5 2.8 2.8 x 24 = 67.2 134.4

    B=4 112
Ʃ     MR = 1132.88
Check for Sliding:
It is preferable to consider passive force in this check. Applying
rankine theory on the soil in the left (draw vertical line till
reaching the soil surface.)
kp is calculated for the soil using rankine theory without considering
any inclination of the wall, because it is calculated for the soil below
the base.
Take K1 = K2 = 2/3
 Problem 2. (Design of Combined Footing)
Design a combined footing with two
columns, 400mm x 400mm, carrying DL of
400 kN and 600 kN, and LL of 300 kN and 500
kN respectively. The columns are spaced 3.0
m apart. Assume Qe = 240 kPa, f’c = 20 kPa,
and fy = 420 kPa.
 Solution:

  Dead Load Live Load P Pu (1.2DL+1.6LL)

1 400 300 700 960

2 600 500 1100 1520

1. Compute for the Area of the Footing:
R = 700 + 1100 = 1800 kN
 2. Compute
the Location of
R and find the
dimension of
the footing:
x = 1.167 m (from C2)
= 1.833 m (from C1)
 

 
Use 2.0 m x 4.067 m
3. Compute for
Qu and make a Ru = 960 + 1520 = 2480 kN

shear and
moment
diagram:
Shear and
Moment
Diagram:
Location of Zero Shear:
 4. Determine “d” from beam shear:

= 1118d
Using similar triangle:

870 – 610d = 1118d

d = 0.503m
h = 0.503 + 0.1 = 0.603 m ≈ 0.61 m
d = 0.610 – 0.1 = 0.510 m
5. Check “d”
for punch
shear
failure:
P = 4(0.910) = 3.64 kN
 6. Calculate the steel reinforcement:

For max MD:

For min MD:

 
Use Min. As = 0.00333(2000)(510)
=3396.6 mm­2 (25 mm Ø)
Ass = 0.003334(4067)(510)
= 6907 mm2 (20 mm Ø)

 
 
Summary: