CLIMATE

CHANGE
FA C T S T O K N O W

CLIMATE
CHANGE
Climate change
is a change in
the average
temperature
and cycles of
weather over a
long period of
time.
FA C T S T O K N O W

SINCE 1880
scientists have kept thermometer-based
records of the global surface temperature.
What is happening to the global
temperature?
The planet is becoming warmer; the
climate is changing.
 Temperature Anomaly (°C)

0.5
1.5

0
1.0

-0.5
1880

1888

1896

1904

1912

1920

1928

1936
Year 1944

1952

1960

1968

1976

1984

1992

2000

2008

2016
Data source: NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies
(GISS)
Over millions of years,
species become adapted to
survive in the conditions in
which they live. A stable
climate supports this process
and allows living things to
thrive. If the climate changes
quickly, organisms don’t have
enough time to adapt to new
conditions and may no longer
be able to survive.
 Climate change
disrupts weather
Number of Reported Natural Disasters

600 patterns and causes

Data source: EM-DAT International Disaster Database

500
extreme weather
events to become
400 more common. These
include hurricane
300 activity, droughts and
200
floods.
As the global
100
temperature has
0 increased, so has the
1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020 number of reported
Year
natural disasters.
 250

Sea Level Change (mm)

200
Rising temperatures
are causing sea levels 150
to increase.
100
The rising water can

Data source: NASA (GISS)

cover coastal areas,
50
destroying habitats
and displacing whole
0
populations from low-
lying areas. -50
1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020
Year
 Russia
Ice Melt: When the atmosphere
and ocean get warmer, ice sheets
and glaciers melt, resulting in the
addition of fresh water to the
ocean. 250

200

Sea Level Change (mm)

150

100

50

Data source: NASA (GISS)

Alaska
0

-50

1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020

Year
Thermal Expansion: As ocean
water gets warmer, it expands,
causing sea levels to rise.
The increase in global
temperatures is causing a
reduction in sea ice.
This causes problems for
animals that depend on
the ice to hunt, mate and
sleep.
 The bright surface of the
ice reflects 80% of the
sunlight that hits it back
Russia into space. This keeps the
polar regions cool and
moderates the global
climate.
Greenland When the area of sea ice
is reduced, less sunlight
is reflected back into
space. This causes more
ocean warming and
Alaska reduces the sea ice even
further.
This feedback drives faster
climate change.
Russia The orange line on the
picture marks the
average minimum sea ice
coverage from 1981 to
Greenland 2010. The white ice
shows the minimum sea
ice coverage in 2020.
The difference between
the two exceeds one
million miles.
Alaska
 No matter how fast
we act, the global
temperature is set
to continue rising
as a result of
greenhouse gases
that are already in
the atmosphere.
The problems that
we are already
experiencing are
going to worsen.

Acting quickly to keep the

temperature rise to a
minimum is extremely
important for humans and
wildlife.
How much difference do you think a 0.5°C
increase in global temperature can make?
Coral Bleaching Species Loss
100 20

Percentage Coral Loss

90 2°C 1.5°C
18
80

Percentage Species Loss

70 % 16

How much
70
60 14

50 12

difference do
40 10
30 8 8
20 6
6

you think a
10 4
4
0
1.5 2

Bleached coral, Maldives by

Temperature Rise (°C) 0

0.5°C increase in
© naturepl.com / Peter Scoones / WWF licensed under CC BY Untitled by © Ola Jennersten insects plants vertebrates
/ WWF-Sweden licensed under CC BY

Drought
global
420
temperature can Rise in Sea Level

make?

Million People Affected

Sea Level Rise (cm)
410 50
58
400 56 49
390 54 48
380 52
47
370 50 46 million
48 cm 46
360 350 48
million 46 45
350
340 44 44
1.5 1.5
330 Temperature Rise (°C) Temperature Rise (°C)
320
1.5
Dried up fishing pans in Liuwa plain
Temperature Rise (°C)
National Park by © Jasper Doest / WWF licensed under CC BY
Climate change adaption Wadden sea by © Claudi Nir / WWF licensed under CC BY
 What
causes
climate to
change?
 What causes climate to
change?
You can edit this text

You can edit this text

Natural cause
Climate Change.
Earth

Anthropogenic
causes

Global temperature
 Carbon dioxide (CO2),
methane (CH4) and water
vapor (H2O) are greenhouse
H2O gases that are found in the
CO2 atmosphere.
CH4 Energy travels from the Sun
CH4
CO2 to the Earth as short-wave
radiation. It does not interact
CH4 strongly with the greenhouse
CO2 gas molecules so it reaches
the Earth’s surface.
H2O

CH4

CO2
 The Earth’s surface emits
long wavelength radiation.
This does interact with the
greenhouse gas molecules.
H2O
CO2
The greenhouse gas molecules
absorb some of the energy,
CH4 trapping it in the atmosphere.
CH4
CO2
This process keeps the Earth
CH4
warm and is essential for life.
CO2

H2O

CH4

CO2
 The higher the proportion
of greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere, the more
CO2
H2O radiation is absorbed.
CO2 CO2
CO2
CO2 This causes a rise in the
CH4 CH4 CO2 temperature of the Earth and
CH4
CO2 is known as the greenhouse
CO2 CO2
CO2 effect.
CH4 CH4
This increase in temperature
CO2
drives climate change.
CO2
CO2
H2O

CH4 CO2
CH4 CO2
CO2 CO2
 Global
Warming
 Global Warming

Natural Anthropogen
External ic Causes
Causes
Greenhouse Gases Solar Output Plate Tectonics
Orbital Variations Volcanism Other Mechanisms

Natural External Causes

GLOBAL
BURNING FOSSIL INTENSIVE OTHER HUMAN
DEFORESTATION
FUELS FARMING ACTIVITIES

Anthropogenic
GLOBAL
Causes
 for heating and cooking,
generating electricity and
URNING FOSSIL FUELS powering vehicles releases
carbon dioxide into the
atmosphere.
Creates an unstable ecosystem.
Nature loss leads to
ecosystems that are less able
to capture carbon from the
atmosphere and less resilient
to rising temperatures.

INTENSIVE FARMING
 DEFORESTATION

The destruction of forests. It releases

carbon dioxide and reduces the
number of trees able to capture
carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
the permanent removal of trees to
make room for something besides the
forest.
This can include clearing the land for
agriculture or grazing or using the
timber for fuel, construction or
manufacturing.
MINING
Coal mining releases methane, a
potent greenhouse gas. Methane
emissions from coal mines has a OTHER HUMAN ACTIVIT
global warming potential 21 times
greater than that of carbon
dioxide over a 100-year timeline
(Source IPCC).
AIR POLLUTION
Air pollution is caused by fertilizer use,
livestock production, and certain industrial
processes that release fluorinated gases.
Pollutants in the air can produce serious
environmental issues and contribute to
climate change. The major concerns
include:
o The ability of pollutants to trap too OTHER HUMAN ACTIVIT
much heat in the atmosphere
o The mixture of gases with moisture in
the atmosphere which produces
damaging acid rain
o The increase in unnatural ozone
levels
o The presence of particles in the
atmosphere that block sunlight
INDUSTRIAL
PROCESSES
These total emissions for the
industrial processes are comprised
of: (Fischedick, Roy et al. 2014)
• Direct energy-related CO2
emissions for industry OTHER HUMAN ACTIVIT
• Indirect CO2 emissions from
the production of electricity
and heat for industry
• Process CO2 emissions
• Non-CO2 GHG emission
• Direct emissions for
waste/wastewater
BURNING FOSSIL INTENSIVE OTHER HUMAN
DEFORESTATION
FUELS FARMING ACTIVITIES

Anthropogenic
GLOBAL
Causes
 HUMAN HEALTH

FA C T S T O K N O W PLANTS

HOW CLIMATE ANIMAL

CHANGE
MELTING OF GLACIER
AFFECTS
We US?change to
measure climate
understand climate, climate
ALTER PRECIPITATION
variability and climatic changes at
the local, national, and regional,
and global levels;
To understand better how climate
change affects our social systems;
To better plan adaptation measures
to tackle the potential or actual
impacts of climate change.
HUMAN HEALTH

Inhibits growth & alters fruiting behavior

PLANTS

Changing migrations patterns hibernation & nesting behavior of some species

ANIMAL

Occurrence of Changing migrations patterns hibernation &

nesting behavior of some species and widespread diseases
MELTING OF GLACIER

Drowning of animals rising sea level

ALTER PRECIPITATION

Drought, Heat waves, Wildfire, Extreme winter, Storm/typhoon, Hurricane

 CLIMATE
CHANGE
EFFECTS
ALTER
ANIMALS PRECIPITATION
HUMAN HEALTH PLANTS MELTING OF Drought
Changing migrations
Occurrence of new Inhibits growth & GLACIER Heat waves
patterns hibernation
and widespread alters fruiting Drowning of animals Wildfires
& nesting behavior of
diseases behavior rising sea level Extreme winter
some species
Storm/typhoon
Hurricane
 BURNING FOSSIL INTENSIVE OTHER HUMAN
DEFORESTATION
FUELS FARMING ACTIVITIES

GLOBAL
WARMING
CAUSE
CLIMATE
CHANGE
EFFECTS
MELTING OF ALTER
HUMAN HEALTH PLANTS ANIMALS
GLACIER PRECIPITATION
WHO CAN FIX
MAKE EARTH GREAT AGAIN
A C T I O N S T H AT H E L P L E S S E N T H E E F F E C T O F C L I M AT E C H A N G E
Reduce Carbon Emission
• practice walking in short distances
• use sustainable transportation such as
a bicycle or use public transportation
Conservation of Energy
• cut down on unimportant use of
energy at home, unplug appliances
when not in use.
Implementation of the 3R’s
• Reduce, recycle, and reuse
• recycle recyclable materials, not
all trash at home will be sent to
the incineration plant or dumped
into dumping sites.
REDUCE REUSE RECYCL
E
 Adopt a Plant-Based
Diet
• increase your food and vegetable
consumption -livestock is one of
the biggest contaminators of
• the atmosphere so by not
eating meat products/reducing
meat consumption, can lessen
carbon emission
Preservation of Forest
• avoid illegal logging instead
plant more trees, remember
that forest is considered the
home of some organisms,
throughout its life a single tree
can absorb up to a ton of CO2
Educate People
• All efforts done in lessening the
effect of climate change will be
useless if people don’t have
knowledge a how to take care
of our environment, the best
way is to educate them about
the dangers of climate change
and how to act against it.
Use of Renewable
energy at home and
Energy-Efficient Home
• renewable energy often referred
to as clean energy comes from
natural sources or processes
such as installing solar panels in
your roof to generate electricity.
• having an energy-efficient home
is beneficial since it offers a lot of
opportunities it can save money,
and energy, and reduce
greenhouse emission
Stop Overpopulation
• Since carbon emission is
being measured per capital
so overpopulation must be
stopped/controlled because
a bigger population will also
mean greater emission of
carbon
Governments can make laws and
policies that reduce the amount
of greenhouse gas emissions.

Businesses can change their processes

to run more sustainably.

We can all make choices in our own

lives that reduce our carbon footprint
(the impact our actions and purchases
have on climate change).

We can also use our voices to let

businesses and governments know
that we want them to act quickly to
reduce their impact on climate change.
CONCLUSION

PROTECTING THE
PLANET STARTS
WITH
• ThereYOU
must be an international
political solution.
• Funding for developing cheap
and clean energy production
must be increased
• We must not pin all our hopes
on global politics and clean
energy technology, so we must
prepare for the worst and
adapt
SCIENCE 9
CLIMATE CHANGE

RECAP
WEEK 6

CLIMA
TE
CHAN
Climate change is a
change in the average
temperature and cycles
of weather over a long

GE
period of time.
 GLOBAL Natural Causes
WARMING Anthropogenic Causes

CLIMATE
CHANGE
 GLOBAL
WARMING
CAUS EFFECT
E CLIMATE
S
CHANGE
GLOBAL
ARMING
Anthropogenic
Causes

CAUSE

INTENSIVE
BURNING FOSSIL FARMING DEFORESTATION OTHER HUMAN
Conversion of forest/trees
FUELS To produce crops & for other land purposes ACTIVITIES
livestock raising
BURNING FOSSIL INTENSIVE OTHER HUMAN
DEFORESTATION
FUELS FARMING ACTIVITIES

CAUSE
GLOBAL WARMING

CLIMATE CHANGE
 CLIMATE
CHANGE
EFFECTS
ALTER
ANIMALS PRECIPITATION
HUMAN HEALTH PLANTS MELTING OF Drought
Changing migrations
Occurrence of new Inhibits growth & GLACIER Heat waves
patterns hibernation
and widespread alters fruiting Drowning of animals Wildfires
& nesting behavior of
diseases behavior rising sea level Extreme winter
some species
Storm/typhoon
Hurricane
 BURNING FOSSIL INTENSIVE OTHER HUMAN
DEFORESTATION
FUELS FARMING ACTIVITIES

GLOBAL
WARMING
CAUS EFFECT
E CLIMATE
S
CHANGE
MELTING OF ALTER
HUMAN HEALTH PLANTS ANIMALS
GLACIER PRECIPITATION
WHO CAN FIX
MAKE EARTH GREAT AGAIN
A C T I O N S T H AT H E L P L E S S E N T H E E F F E C T O F C L I M AT E C H A N G E
 08

STOP OVER
P O P U L AT I O N S
U S E O F R E N E WA B L E
07

ENERGY AND ENERGY

EFFICIENT HOME
E D U C AT E
06

PEOPLE
P R E S E RVAT I O N O F E N E R G Y
05

A D O P T A P L A N T- B A S E D
DIET
04
I M P L E M E N TAT I O N O F
03
3R’S

02
C O N S E RVAT I O N O F
ENERGY

01
REDUCE CARBON
EMISSION
01 Reduce
Carbon
Emission
• practice walking in short distances
• use sustainable transportation
such as a bicycle or use public
transportation
 Conservatio
n of Energy
• cut down on unimportant
use of energy at home,
unplug appliances when

02
not in use.
03 Implementatio
n of the 3R’s
• Reduce, recycle, and reuse
• recycle recyclable materials,
not all trash at home will be
sent to the incineration plant
or dumped into dumping sites.
Adopt a
Plant-Based Diet
• increase your food and
vegetable consumption -
livestock is one of the
biggest contaminators of
• the atmosphere so not
eating meat

04
products/reducing meat
consumption, can lessen
carbon emission
05 Preservation
of Forest
• avoid illegal logging instead
plant more trees, remember
that forest is considered
the home of some
organisms, throughout its
life a single tree can absorb
up to a ton of CO2
 Educate People
• All efforts done in lessening the
effect of climate change will be
useless if people don’t have
knowledge a how to take care

06
of our environment, the best
way is to educate them about
the dangers of climate change
and how to act against it.
 07
Use of Renewable
energy at home and
Energy-Efficient Home
• renewable energy often
referred to as clean
energy comes from
natural sources or
processes such as
installing solar panels in
your roof to generate
electricity.
• having an energy-
efficient home is
beneficial since it offers
a lot of opportunities it
can save money, and
energy, and reduce
greenhouse emission
Stop
Overpopulation
• Since carbon emission
is being measured per
capital so
overpopulation must
be stopped/controlled
08
because a bigger
population will also
mean greater emission
of carbon
 08

STOP OVER
P O P U L AT I O N S
U S E O F R E N E WA B L E
07

ENERGY AND ENERGY

EFFICIENT HOME
E D U C AT E
06

PEOPLE
P R E S E RVAT I O N O F E N E R G Y
05

A D O P T A P L A N T- B A S E D
DIET
04
I M P L E M E N TAT I O N O F
03
3R’S

02
C O N S E RVAT I O N O F
ENERGY

01
REDUCE CARBON
EMISSION
WHAT IF?
MAKE A PREDICTIONS

WHAT IF?
Hypothesize how the world’s climate
could change over the next 100 years
if humans do nothing to limit the levels
of greenhouse gas emissions.
LET’S
HEAR
I T!
How can we
make a change?
We are the Solution.
 Direction: Write the word CAUSE, if you think the statement
describes the cause of climate change and EFFECT if the
statement describes the effect, in the given situations below.
Cause &

1. Affects turtle nesting sites.

Effect
2. Changing migration patterns of some
species of birds
3. Rising sea levels
4. Burning of fossil fuels
5. Raising livestock.
6. Too much carbon emission
7. The health of people will be affected.
8. Large or overpopulation
9. Stunted plant growth
10. Causes extreme weather.
Low carbon diet helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

True False
Low carbon diet helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

True False
Consuming locally grown foods and importing foods are just the same,
both can emit the same amount of carbon into the atmosphere.

True False
Consuming locally grown foods and importing foods are just the same,
both can emit the same amount of carbon into the atmosphere.

True False
An increasing population will also mean increasing
carbon emissions.

True False
An increasing population will also mean increasing
carbon emissions.

True False
Buying items that are made from recycled materials is
one way of reducing carbon emissions.

True False
Buying items that are made from recycled materials is one
way of reducing carbon emissions.

True False
The direct cause of a rising sea level is climate change.

True False
The direct cause of a rising sea level is climate change.

True False
Make a
Difference
Make a poster on how you
can help lessen the effects of
climate change.
 Guidelines in poster-making:
1. Use a ¼ illustration board,
no border.
2. Use only a black ink
marking pen and oil pastel.
3. Refer to the Rubrics  
Rubrics
 NEXT TOPIC
C L I M AT E
PHENOMENA
Thank you