3 Sustainable

rd

Development Goals
GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-BEING
Goal 3 GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-
BEING
• We have made great progress against several leading causes of death and
disease. Life expectancy has increased dramatically; infant and maternal
mortality rates have declined, we’ve turned the tide on HIV and malaria
deaths have halved. Good health is essential to sustainable development
and the 2030 Agenda reflects the complexity and interconnectedness of the
two. It takes into account widening economic and social inequalities, rapid
urbanization, threats to the climate and the environment, the continuing
burden of HIV and other infectious diseases, and emerging challenges such
as noncommunicable diseases. Universal health coverage will be integral to
achieving SDG 3, ending poverty and reducing inequalities. Emerging global
health priorities not explicitly included in the SDGs, including antimicrobial
resistance, also demand action.
Goal 3 GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-
BEING
• But the world is off-track to achieve the health-related SDGs. Progress has been uneven,
both between and within countries. There’s a 31-year gap between the countries with
the shortest and longest life expectancies. And while some countries have made
impressive gains, national averages hide that many are being left behind. Multisectoral,
rights-based and gender-sensitive approaches are essential to address inequalities and
to build good health for all. Sustainable Development Goal 3, regarding "Good Health
and Well-being", is one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals established by the
United Nations in 2015. The official wording is: "To ensure healthy lives and promote
well-being for all at all ages." Ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being at all ages
is essential to sustainable development. The COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread
human suffering. As of mid-2022, COVID-19 had infected more than 500 million people
worldwide. The latest estimates show that global “excess deaths” directly and indirectly
attributable to COVID-19 could have been as high as 15 million by the end of 2021.
Goal 3 GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-
BEING
• The pandemic has severely disrupted essential health services,
triggered an increase in the prevalence of anxiety and depression,
lowered global life expectancy, derailed progress towards ending HIV,
tuberculosis (TB) and malaria, and halted two decades of work
towards making health coverage universal. As a result, immunization
coverage dropped for the first time in 10 years, and deaths from TB
and malaria increased. Urgent and concerted action is needed to set
the world back on a trajectory towards achieving Goal 3.
Goal 3 GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-
BEING
• In 2020 and 2021, 14.9 million people were estimated to have died due to COVID-
19 and its impact on health systems and society. Interruptions in essential health
services were reported in 92 per cent of 129 countries surveyed at the end of 2021.
As of May 2022, more than 80 per cent of people had received at least one dose of
a vaccine in high-income countries but the proportion is only about 17 per cent in
low-income countries. Between January 2020 and May 2021, the pandemic may
have claimed the lives of 115,500 health and care workers worldwide. In 2020, the
global prevalence of anxiety and depression increased by an estimated 25 per cent,
with young people and women most affected. In 2015–2021, an estimated 84 per
cent of births were assisted by skilled health professionals, an increase from 77 per
cent in 2008–2014. The global mortality rate of children under age 5 fell by 14 per
cent from 2015 to 2020. 5 million children died before reaching their fifth birthday
in 2020 alone, down from 5.9 million in 2015.
Goal 3 GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-
BEING
• From 2010 to 2020, the adolescent birth rate dropped from 47.9 births to 41.2
births per 1,000 adolescents aged 15 to 19. The universal health coverage
improved from a global average of 45 out of 100 in 2000 to 64 in 2015 and then 67
in 2019. In 2020, an estimated 1.5 million people were newly diagnosed with HIV
and 680,000 people died of AIDS-related causes. The incidence of HIV infections
globally declined by 39 per cent between 2010 and 2020, far less than the 75 per
cent target agreed to by the General Assembly in 2016. TB deaths increased from
1.2 million in 2019 to 1.3 million in 2020 due to disruptions associated with the
pandemic. Between 2018 and 2020, TB treatment reached 20 million people, only
half of the global target. In 2020, 627,000 people died from malaria, with cases
estimated to have reached 241 million. About two thirds of the additional deaths
were linked to disruptions in the provision of malaria services during the
pandemic.
Goal 3 GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-
BEING
• The number of people requiring neglected tropical diseases (NTD) treatment and care
declined from 2.19 billion in 2010 to 1.73 billion in 2020. By the end of 2020, at least one NTD
had been eliminated in 42 countries. From 2019 to 2020, coverage of infant immunization
slipped from 86 per cent to 83 per cent. 7 million children missed out on vaccinations in 2020,
3.7 million more than in 2019 and the highest number since 2005. 1 million older children did
not receive vaccines through the routine immunization programme in 2020, an increase from
13.6 million in 2019. Source: The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2022.The number of
people requiring neglected tropical diseases (NTD) treatment and care declined from 2.19
billion in 2010 to 1.73 billion in 2020. By the end of 2020, at least one NTD had been
eliminated in 42 countries. From 2019 to 2020, coverage of infant immunization slipped from
86 per cent to 83 per cent. 7 million children missed out on vaccinations in 2020, 3.7 million
more than in 2019 and the highest number since 2005. 1 million older children did not
receive vaccines through the routine immunization programme in 2020, an increase from 13.6
million in 2019. Source: The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2022.
Goal 3 GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-
BEING
• 3.1 By 2030, reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70
per 100,000 live births.
• 3.2 By 2030, end preventable deaths of newborns and children under
5 years of age, with all countries aiming to reduce neonatal mortality
to at least as low as 12 per 1,000 live births and under-5 mortality to
at least as low as 25 per 1,000 live births.
• 3.3 By 2030, end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and
neglected tropical diseases and combat hepatitis, water-borne
diseases and other communicable diseases.
Goal 3 GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-
BEING
• 3.4 By 2030, reduce by one third premature mortality from non-
communicable diseases through prevention and treatment and
promote mental health and well-being.
• 3.5 Strengthen the prevention and treatment of substance abuse,
including narcotic drug abuse and harmful use of alcohol.
• 3.6 By 2020, halve the number of global deaths and injuries from road
traffic accidents.
Goal 3 GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-
BEING
• 3.7 By 2030, ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health-
care services, including for family planning, information and education,
and the integration of reproductive health into national strategies and
programmes.
• 3.8 Achieve universal health coverage, including financial risk protection,
access to quality essential health-care services and access to safe,
effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all.
• 3.9 By 2030, substantially reduce the number of deaths and illnesses
from hazardous chemicals and air, water and soil pollution and
contamination.
Goal 3 GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-
BEING
•3.A Strengthen the
implementation of the World
Health Organization
Framework Convention on
Tobacco Control in all
countries, as appropriate.
Goal 3 GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-
BEING
• 3.B Support the research and development of vaccines
and medicines for the communicable and
noncommunicable diseases that primarily affect
developing countries, provide access to affordable
essential medicines and vaccines, in accordance with
the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and
Public Health, which affirms the right of developing
countries to use to the full the provisions in the
Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual
Property Rights regarding flexibilities to protect public
health, and, in particular, provide access to medicines
for all.
Goal 3 GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-
BEING
• 3.C Substantially increase health
financing and the recruitment,
development, training and retention
of the health workforce in
developing countries, especially in
least developed countries and small
island developing States.
Goal 3 GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-
BEING
•3.D Strengthen the capacity
of all countries, in particular
developing countries, for
early warning, risk reduction
and management of national
and global health risks.
GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-BEING
GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-BEING