By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

To explain how charging by friction works

To carry out a simulation to investigate charging by friction.

Vocabulary

static electricity charge positive

negative proton electron

Static Electricity

• Why does hair stand up after going down a slide?

Static Electricity

• Why does hair stand up after going down a slide?

1. When you go down 2. This causes your
a slide, electrons move hairs to have more
from you to the slide. positive charges.
3. Objects that have the
same charge repel each
other. So, each of your
hairs tries to repel its
neighbour.
What causes the transfer of electrons?

• When some insulators are rubbed together they can become electrically
charged.

• Electrons get “rubbed off” one insulator and onto the other.

• This is called charging by friction.

Charging By Friction
In the example below, a duster cloth is rubbed against an acetate
rod and a polythene rod.

Acetate Rod - -
- - Duster

Polythene Rod -
- Duster
- -
Which way the electrons are transferred depends
on the materials.
Only Negative Charges Move
Positive +- +-
Charge +- -+
The rod has lost electrons so there
are now more positive charges
(protons) than negative charges
which means the rod has a
positive charge.
Negative
Charge
The cloth has gained electrons so
there are now more negative
charges than positive charges
which means the cloth has a
negative charge.
Charging By Friction
The insulator that gains electrons becomes negatively charged.
The insulator that loses electrons has an equal positive charge.

Positive - -
Charge
- - Negative
Charge

Negative - -
Charge
- - Positive
Charge
John Travoltage Instructions

• Go to John Travoltage
John Travoltage (colorado.edu)

• Play with the simulation and observe

what happens when you rub John
Travoltage’s foot on the carpet.

• Lab Questions: Answer questions 1-

3 using complete sentences.
Q1. Rub John Travoltage’s foot on the carpet and observe what
happens. What is this called? Explain why this happens.

Q2. Watch after you stopped rubbing John Travoltage’s foot on

the carpet, what happened to the charges in his body? Explain
why the charges do what they did

Q3. Now, touch John Travoltage’s hand to the doorknob.

Observe what happens. Explain why this happens.
Q1. Rub John Travoltage’s foot on the carpet and observe what
happens. What is this called? Explain why this happens.
Due to friction, negative electrical charges build up in John Travoltage’s body

Q2. Watch after you stopped rubbing John Travoltage’s foot on

the carpet, what happened to the charges in his body? Explain
why the charges do what they did
Since the charges are negative, they repel from each other and spread out as far as
possible.

Q3. Now, touch John Travoltage’s hand to the doorknob.

Observe what happens. Explain why this happens.
The negative charges in John are attracted to the protons in the conductor (door
knob). When he touches the door knob, the charges are attracted and exit his body.
Post-Lab Questions:
Select the correct answer from the options
Q4. Over time, all the negative charges in an object,

A. remain together where they were placed.

B. spread out over a small area on the object.
C. spread out over a large area on the object
Post-Lab Questions:
Select the correct answer from the options
Q5. When a charged object touches a conductor,

A. the positive charges move to the conductor and exit the object.
B. the negative charges move to the conductor and exit the object.
C. both the positive and negative charges move to the conductor
and exit the object.
D. neither the positive nor the negative charges move to the
conductor and exit the object.
By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

To explain how charging by induction works

To carry out a simulation to investigate charging by induction.

To answer exam style questions.

Vocabulary

static electricity charge positive

negative proton electron

Induced Charge
- The negative charge of the
+ balloon repels the negative
- charges (electrons) in the
- wall.
- +

- - They move away from the

surface, giving it a positive
+ charge. This attracts the
balloon, which sticks to
Negatively
Charged
Uncharged the wall.
Wall
balloon
Balloons and Static Electricity

• Go to
Balloons and Static Electricity (colorado
.edu)

• Play with the simulation and

observe what happens when the
balloon is rubbed on the sweater.

• Lab Questions: Answer questions

1-3 using complete sentences.
1.Play with the simulation and observe what happens when the
balloon is rubbed on a sweater. Explain why this happens.

2. Bring your charged balloon near the wall and describe what
happens to the wall. Explain why this happens.

3. Now, take your charged balloon and place it somewhere

between the wall and the sweater. Observe what happens, and
describe it here. Explain why this happens!
1.Play with the simulation and observe what happens when the
balloon is rubbed on a sweater. Explain why this happens.

Friction results in electrons being transferred from the sweater to the balloon.

2. Bring your charged balloon near the wall and describe what
happens to the wall. Explain why this happens.
Electrons from the balloon repel the electrons in the wall causing that part of the wall
to be positively charged so the balloon sticks to the wall.

3. Now, take your charged balloon and place it somewhere

between the wall and the sweater. Observe what happens, and
describe it here. Explain why this happens!
Because the sweater has a greater positive electric force the balloon is pulled into its
electrical field.
Post-Lab Questions:
Select the correct answer from the options
Q4. When charging an object by friction:

A. only the positive charges move from one object to the other.
B. only the negative charges move from one object to the other.
C. both the positive and negative charges move from one object to
the other.
D. neither the positive nor the negative charges move from one
object to the other.
Post-Lab Questions:
Select the correct answer from the options
Q5. When charging an object by induction:

A. only the positive charges move from one object to the other.
B. only the negative charges move from one object to the other.
C. both the positive and negative charges move from one object to
the other.
D. neither the positive nor the negative charges move from one
object to the other.
Post-Lab Questions:
Select the correct answer from the options

Q6. Based upon what you saw in this lab, then, it can be said
that: (Select 2 answers)

A. positive charges are stationary within objects.

B. negative charges are stationary within objects.
C. positive charges are mobile within objects.
D. negative charges are mobile within objects.
Exam Style Questions

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