Properties of the Probability

Distribution
1. The probability of each value of the random variable
must be between or equal to 0 and 1. In symbol,
0<P(X)<1
2. The sum of the probabilities of all values of the
random variable must be equal to 1. In symbol
P(X)=1
 A. DETERMINE WHETHER THE
DISTRIBUTION IS A PROBABILITY
DISTRIBUTION.

X 2 4 6 8
P(X) ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼
The probability of each event is between or equal
to 0 and 1 and the sum of all the probabilities is
equal to 1, therefore it is a probability
distribution
 A. DETERMINE WHETHER THE
DISTRIBUTION IS A PROBABILITY
DISTRIBUTION.
Y 0 1 3 5
P(Y 1/3 1/6 1/3 ¼
)
Y 0 1 3 5
P(Y) 4/12 2/12 4/12 3/12
The probability of each event is between or equal
to 0 and 1 but the sum of all the probabilities is
not equal to 1, therefore it is not a probability
distribution
 A. DETERMINE WHETHER THE
DISTRIBUTION IS A PROBABILITY
DISTRIBUTION.
Z 4 7 8 9
P(Z) 1/5 1/5 2/5 1/5

The probability of each event is between or equal

to 0 and 1 and the sum of all the probabilities is
equal to 1, therefore it is a probability
distribution
 A. DETERMINE WHETHER THE
DISTRIBUTION IS A PROBABILITY
DISTRIBUTION.
H 3 6 9
P(H) 0.65 -0.15 0.50

The probabilities of some events is less than 0,

therefore it is not a probability distribution
 A. DETERMINE WHETHER THE
DISTRIBUTION IS A PROBABILITY
DISTRIBUTION.
G 5 10 15 20 25
P(G) 0.12 0.34 0.23 0.16 0.15

The probability of each event is between or equal

to 0 and 1 and the sum of all the probabilities is
not equal to 1, therefore it is a probability
distribution
 Objective

illustrates a probability distribution

for a discrete random variable and
its
properties.
Construct a distribution, then tell whether it is a
probability distribution or not.

1. P(X)= , for X= 0,1,2,3,4,5

X 0 1 2 3 4 5
P(X) 0 1/15 2/15 3/15 4/15 5/15

probability distribution
Construct a distribution, then tell whether it is a
probability distribution or not.
2. P(X)= for X= 0,1,2, 3

X 0 1 2 3
P(X) -1/25 0 3/25 8/25

not a probability distribution

Construct a distribution, then tell whether it is a
probability distribution or not.
3. P(X) = for X= 0,1,2, 3,4,5

X 0 1 2 3 4 5
P(X) 9/10 4/10 1/10 0 1/10 4/10

not a probability distribution

Construct a distribution, then tell whether it is a
probability distribution or not.
4. P(X)= for X= 0,1,2, 3

X 0 1 2 3
P(X) 0

probability distribution
Construct a distribution, then tell whether it is a
probability distribution or not.
5. P(X) = for X= 0,1,2, 3,4,5,6

X 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
P(X) - - 0

Not a probability distribution

A basket contains 10 ripe bananas and 4 unripe bananas. If three bananas are taken
from the basket one after the other, determine the values and probabilities of a random
variable R representing the number of ripe bananas.

S={UUU,URU,RUU,UUR,RRU,URR,RUR,
RRR}
Values of R (Number of
POSSIBLE OUTCOMES Ripe Bananas)
UUU 0
URU 1
RUU 1
UUR 1
RRU 2
URR 2
RUR 2
RRR 3
A basket contains 10 ripe bananas and 4 unripe bananas. If three bananas are taken
from the basket one after the other, determine the values and probabilities of a random
variable R representing the number of ripe bananas.

Values of R (Number of
Ripe Bananas) Probability P(R)
0
1
2
3

R 0 1 2 3
P(R
)
A basket contains 10 ripe bananas and 4 unripe bananas. If
three bananas are taken from the basket one after the other,
determine the values and probabilities of a random variable R
representing the number of ripe bananas.

R 0 1 2 3
P(R 1/8 3/8 3/8 1/8
)
Find the following:
1.P(R=3)
2.P(R=1)
3.P(R>1)
4.P(R<2)
5.P(R)
A basket contains 10 ripe bananas and 4 unripe bananas. If
three bananas are taken from the basket one after the other,
determine the values and probabilities of a random variable R
representing the number of ripe bananas.

R 0 1 2 3
P(R 1/8 3/8 3/8 1/8
)
P(R=3) = 1/8
A basket contains 10 ripe bananas and 4 unripe bananas. If
three bananas are taken from the basket one after the other,
determine the values and probabilities of a random variable R
representing the number of ripe bananas.

R 0 1 2 3
P(R 1/8 3/8 3/8 1/8
)
P(R=1)= 3/8
A basket contains 10 ripe bananas and 4 unripe bananas. If
three bananas are taken from the basket one after the other,
determine the values and probabilities of a random variable R
representing the number of ripe bananas.

R 0 1 2 3
P(R)

P(R>1) =P(R=2)+P(R=3)
=+
𝟒
¿
𝟖
=
A basket contains 10 ripe bananas and 4 unripe bananas. If
three bananas are taken from the basket one after the other,
determine the values and probabilities of a random variable R
representing the number of ripe bananas.

R 0 1 2 3
P(R)

P(R<2) =P(R=1)+P(R=0)
=+
𝟒
¿
𝟖
=
A basket contains 10 ripe bananas and 4 unripe bananas. If
three bananas are taken from the basket one after the other,
determine the values and probabilities of a random variable R
representing the number of ripe bananas.

R 0 1 2 3
P(R)

P(R) =P(R=0)+ P(R=1)+ P(R=2)+ P(R=3)

= + ++
𝟖
¿
𝟖
=
Atleast = greater than or equal
Atmost = less than or equal
1<X<5 read as X is greater than or equal to
1 but less than or equal to 5.
 Symb
Statement ol Example Symbol

the probability of X that is fewer than

fewer than < three P(X<3)

the probability of X that is less than

less than < three P(X<3)

below < the probability of X that is below three P(X<3)

less than or the probability of X that is less than or

equal to < equal to three P(X<3)

the probability of X that is at most

at most < three P(X<3)
 Symb
Statement ol Example Symbol

the probability of X that is above

above > three P(X>3)

the probability of X that is more than

more than > three P(X>3)

the probability of X that is greater

greater than > than three P(X>3)

the probability of X that is at least

at least > three P(X>3)

greater than the probability of X that is greater

or equal to > than or equal to three P(X>3)
 Symb
Statement ol Example Symbol

At least, the probability of X that is at

Fewer than, > least three but fewer than 4 P(3<X <4)
What is the probability of getting fewer than 2 bananas?

R 0 1 2 3
P(R)

P(X<2) =P(R=1)+ P(R=0)

=+
𝟒
¿
𝟖
=
What is the probability of getting at least 2 bananas?

R 0 1 2 3
P(R)

P(X> 2 ) =P(R=2)+ P(R=3)

=+
𝟒
¿
𝟖
=
The following data show the probabilities for the number of
cars sold in a given day at a car dealer store.
1. What is the probability
Number of Cars Probability P(X) that three or more cars
are sold in a day?
0 0.100
2. What is the probability
1 0.150
that at least two but
2 0.250 not more than 6 cars
3 0.140 are sold in a day?
4 0.090 3. What is the probability
5 0.080 that at least four cars
6 0.060 are sold in a day?
7 0.050 4. What is the probability
that at most seven cars
8 0.040
are sold in a day?
9 0.025 5. Find P(X<2)
10 0.015 6. Find P(X>7)
7. Find P (1<X<5)