July 23, 2022

1400H - 1500H
Via Zoom

Empowerment
objective - for
Health Issue
laypeople to have an
Course –
understanding of the
BREAST
importance of
Ultrasound &
reading and
Mammogram
interpreting BREAST
Results -
ultrasound and
Reading &
mammogram results
Interpretation
in their health
management.
 Empowerment
objective - for ROJoson PEP Talk
Health Issue
laypeople to have an
Course –
understanding of the I have a Patient
BREAST Empowerment
importance of
Ultrasound & Program in which I
reading and
Mammogram like to empower the
interpreting BREAST lay people or
Results -
ultrasound and patients to take
Reading &
mammogram results control in the
Interpretation
in their health management of
management. their health.
 There are 3 courses
in the PEP Talk.
I completed the Core
Course on October 9,
2021.
 From October 23,
2021 onwards, I have
been tackling Health
Disorder and Health
Issue Courses. This
may take 3 years or
longer.
 Empowerment My PEP TALK today
objective - for is entitled: BREAST
Health Issue Ultrasound &
laypeople to have an
Course – Mammogram
understanding of the
BREAST Results - Reading
importance of
Ultrasound & and Interpretation.
reading and
Mammogram
interpreting BREAST
Results - This is part of the
ultrasound and
Reading & Health Issue Course.
mammogram results
Interpretation
in their health
management.
Health Issue Course Contents of PEP TALK on BREAST Ultrasound &
BREAST Mammogram Results - Reading and Interpretation
Ultrasound & • General recommendations on reading and interpreting
Mammogram lab tests with narrative descriptions and conclusions
• How I read and interpret breast ultrasound and
Results - mammogram
Reading & • Common practices of radiologists in reporting breast
Interpretation ultrasound and mammogram
• Examples of challenges in reading and interpretation of
breast ultrasound and mammogram
• ROJoson’s advice in reading and interpreting breast
ultrasound and mammogram
Health Issue Course Ultrasound of the breasts and x-ray of the breasts There are other tests
BREAST (mammogram) are commonly done. that are known to be
Ultrasound & done on the breasts:
Mammogram • CT scan
Results - Patients commonly present to me their results for • MRI scan
Reading & reading and interpretation particularly those with • PET scan
Interpretation a notation of BIRADS 4 (suspicious finding or • Thermography
abnormality, essentially for cancer).
*These will not be
discussed here.
Health Issue Course In this PEP Talk, I will not discuss the indications
BREAST for ultrasound and mammogram. (but will most
Ultrasound & probably mention them in my advice)
Mammogram
Results -
Reading & I will go direct to the point discussing reading and
Interpretation interpretation of the reports, focusing on the
following topics:
• how I read and interpret the reports;
• how radiologists write their reports; and
• the common challenges encountered.
Health Issue Course Before that, let me say something on how
BREAST ultrasound and mammogram are being done,
Ultrasound & particularly on the medium used.
Mammogram
Results -
Reading & A mammogram uses a low dose of radiation to
Interpretation take an image of the breast.

An ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves

and converts them to an image. No radiation is
involved.
Health Issue Course
BREAST
Ultrasound &
Mammogram
Results -
Reading &
Interpretation

A mammogram uses a low dose of radiation to take an image

of the breast.
Health Issue Course
BREAST
Ultrasound &
Mammogram
Results - If something unusual is seen,
it is categorized as:
Reading & • Hyperechoic – more
Interpretation echogenic (brighter) than
normal.
• Hypoechoic – less
echogenic (darker) than
normal.
• Anechoic – no echoes
(black)
• Isoechoic – the same
An ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves and converts echogenicity as another
them to an image. No radiation is involved. tissue.
Health Issue Course
BREAST
Ultrasound &
Mammogram
Results - If something unusual is seen,
it is categorized as:
Reading & • Hyperechoic – more
Interpretation echogenic (brighter) than
normal.
• Hypoechoic – less
echogenic (darker) than
normal.
• Anechoic – no echoes
(black)
• Isoechoic – the same
echogenicity as another
tissue.
Health Issue Course
BREAST
Ultrasound &
Mammogram
Results - If something unusual is seen,
it is categorized as:
Reading & • Hyperechoic – more
Interpretation echogenic (brighter) than
normal.
• Hypoechoic – less
echogenic (darker) than
What are most informative if the radiologists can discern normal.
and report them: • Anechoic – no echoes
(black)
• Is there a real “mass lesion” or just fibrous tissue?
• Isoechoic – the same
• If there is a “mass” lesion, is it solid or cystic or complex
echogenicity as another
(or mixed)? tissue.
Health Issue Course After the procedures, both mammo and
BREAST ultrasound, the radiologists make a narrative
Ultrasound & description of the findings and then conclusions
Mammogram and other remarks.
Results -
Reading &
Interpretation
Health Issue Course In the reports issued by the radiologists, there is Clinical correlation means
BREAST gathering all other available
usually a caveat statement to the patient medical data and information
Ultrasound & receiving the reports: CORRELATE CLINICALLY. (such as age, sex, symptoms
Mammogram and signs, other lab tests) to a
Or “This result is best interpreted by your particular test to determine
Results -
Reading & attending physician in correlation with your their mutual or reciprocal
relations and to establish an
Interpretation clinical data, imaging and other laboratory orderly connection (through
results.” comparing and contrasting)
with the goal of coming out
with a clinical diagnosis that
is as accurate as possible.
Health Issue Course In the reports issued by the radiologists, there is Clinical correlation means
BREAST gathering all other available
usually a caveat statement to the patient medical data and information
Ultrasound & receiving the reports: CORRELATE CLINICALLY. (such as age, sex, symptoms
Mammogram and signs, other lab tests) to a
Or “This radiologic interpretation is only a part of particular test to determine
Results -
Reading & the overall assessment of a patient’s condition.  It their mutual or reciprocal
relations and to establish an
Interpretation must be correlated with the clinical, laboratory orderly connection (through
and other ancillary parameters for a comparing and contrasting)
with the goal of coming out
comprehensive analysis.  Therefore, radiology with a clinical diagnosis that
reports are best explained by the attending is as accurate as possible.
physician to the patient.”
Health Issue Course Before I zero into the ultrasound and
BREAST mammogram reports, let me tell you first my
Ultrasound & usual recommendations for the laypeople on the
Mammogram reading and interpreting diagnostic reports with
Results - narrative descriptions in general (note ultrasound
Reading & and mammogram are examples of such reports).
Interpretation
Health Issue Course My recommendations:
BREAST • You can take a look and read the contents if
Ultrasound & you want.  However, as a layperson, chances
Mammogram you will not understand and more so, interpret
Results - the narrative descriptions and conclusions of
Reading & the certified readers.  So, have the narrative
Interpretation diagnostic reports read and interpreted by a
trusted physician-clinician or your attending
physician and let him / her make a decision on
the report.
Health Issue Course • Even for the physician-clinicians or attending
BREAST physicians, they have to interpret the words or
Ultrasound & phrases used by the certified readers and to
Mammogram read between the lines.
Results - • In addition, they have to correlate the findings
Reading & and conclusions of the readers with the
Interpretation symptoms and signs, other tests and other
circumstantial situations that a patient may
have to make a decision whether everything is
normal; a finding is a mere biological variation;
something abnormal is being suspected;
and/or there is really an abnormality going on.
 
Health Issue Course • At times, they have to check the accuracy of
BREAST the reports and may have to have discussion
Ultrasound & with the readers of the narrative diagnostic
Mammogram reports.
Results -
Reading & • So, have the narrative diagnostic reports read
Interpretation and interpreted by a trusted physician-clinician
or your attending physician and let him / her
make a decision on the report.
Health Issue Course
Now, let’s focus on ultrasound and mammogram
BREAST
Ultrasound & reports.
Mammogram
Results -
How I usually read and interpret the
Reading &
Interpretation reports
Health Issue Course
How I usually read and interpret the reports
BREAST
Ultrasound & As a breast specialist, these are what I usually do
Mammogram in terms of reading and interpreting the
Results - diagnostic reports (either ultrasound or
Reading & mammogram only or both):
Interpretation
Health Issue Course I read the reports and take note first of any red
BREAST flags for cancer in the narrative descriptions and
Ultrasound & conclusions.
Mammogram
I first look at the conclusions. If there is a BIRADS
Results -
Reading & conclusion, I take note of this first.
Interpretation
Health Issue Course BIRADS stands for • BIRADS 0 – needs
BREAST additional tests
Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System. • BIRADS 1 – negative
Ultrasound & • BIRADS 2 – benign
BIRADS 4, 5 and 6 are red flags.
Mammogram • BIRADS 3 – probably
Results - BIRADS 4 means suspicious abnormality (usually benign
Reading & cancer). • BIRADS 4 –
Interpretation suspicious for
BIRADS 5 means highly suggestive for cancer. abnormality (cancer)
If there is no BIRADS conclusion, I look at the • BIRADS 5 – highly
suggestive of cancer
conclusion or impression for phrases or terms like • BIRADS 6 – known
suspicious for breast cancer or breast cancer is biopsy-proven
suspected or should be considered. malignancy
Health Issue Course If there are conclusions for possible cancer, I then • BIRADS 0 – needs
BREAST additional tests
look at the narrative descriptions and study the • BIRADS 1 – negative
Ultrasound & bases for the radiologist’s making conclusions. • BIRADS 2 – benign
Mammogram • BIRADS 3 – probably
If bases are valid, then I tentatively accept the
Results - benign
Reading & conclusions. Tentatively, because I still have to • BIRADS 4 –
Interpretation examine the patient’s breasts. I still have to suspicious for
correlate the reports with the physical abnormality (cancer)
• BIRADS 5 – highly
examination findings as well as other data and suggestive of cancer
information such as other tests done and also the • BIRADS 6 – known
historical data. biopsy-proven
malignancy
Health Issue Course Notable words or phrases in the descriptions that
BREAST will be cues for cancer are the following (some
Ultrasound & only, there could be more):
Mammogram
 Solid mass with ill-defined border on
Results -
Reading & ultrasound
Interpretation  Solid mass with lobulation on ultrasound
 Enlarged axillary nodes on ultrasound
 Mass with spiculated or stellate border on
mammogram
 Cluster of microcalcifications on mammogram
Note: cystic masses on ultrasound are usually
benign (99% probability).
Health Issue Course Notable words or phrases in the descriptions that
BREAST will be cues for cancer are the following (some
Ultrasound & only, there could be more):
Mammogram
 Solid mass with ill-defined border on
Results -
Reading & ultrasound
Interpretation  Enlarged axillary nodes on ultrasound
 Mass with spiculated or stellate border on
mammogram
 Cluster of microcalcifications on mammogram
Note: cystic masses on ultrasound are usually
benign (99% probability).
Health Issue Course If there are uncertainties or incongruencies in the
BREAST bases and in the reports, then, I examine the
Ultrasound & patient, particularly the breasts, and then make a
Mammogram decision, essentially, whether to repeat the
Results - ultrasound or / and mammogram in another
Reading & institution to be read by another reader.
Interpretation
Health Issue Course If the reports do not contain any red flags for
BREAST cancer, just the same, I do scrutiny of the reports
Ultrasound & to check for any incongruencies. I also examine
Mammogram the patient’s breasts to correlate the reports with
Results - my clinical findings.
Reading &
Interpretation
Health Issue Course So, whatever be the report, I CORRELATE Clinical correlation means
BREAST gathering all other available
CLINICALLY. medical data and information
Ultrasound & (such as age, sex, symptoms
I particularly examine / palpate the patient’s
Mammogram and signs, other lab tests) to a
breasts (a must for all breast specialists) and then particular test to determine
Results -
Reading & decide and explain. their mutual or reciprocal
relations and to establish an
Interpretation Or “This radiologic interpretation is only a part of orderly connection (through
comparing and contrasting)
the overall assessment of a patient’s condition.  It
with the goal of coming out
must be correlated with the clinical, laboratory with a clinical diagnosis that
and other ancillary parameters for a is as accurate as possible.

comprehensive analysis.  Therefore, radiology

reports are best explained by the attending
physician to the patient.”
Health Issue Course How radiologists write their reports
BREAST There are certain things on how radiologists or
Ultrasound &
ultrasonographers write their reports that I have
Mammogram
learned throughout the years that I take note of
Results -
Reading & when I read and interpret their reports. These
Interpretation help me in deciding what to do when I cannot
accept their conclusions wholeheartedly.
Health Issue Course How radiologists write their reports
BREAST One, there are a lot of subjectivity in the radiologists’ interpretations in
Ultrasound &
both ultrasound and mammogram. As a result, there are a lot of
Mammogram
interobserver variations, meaning, given the same mammogram and
Results -
Reading & ultrasound plates, two different readers read and interpret them
Interpretation differently.
If I have a BIRADS 4 (suspicious for abnormality or cancer) report, in the
absence of a palpable dominant breast mass, if I have the imaging done in
another institution and by a different reader, most of the time, I got a
BIRADS conclusion of less than 4, such as BIRADS 3 (probably benign) and
even BIRADS 2 (negative finding).
Health Issue Course How radiologists write their reports
BREAST Two, usually radiologists would like a combination of ultrasound and
Ultrasound &
mammogram done for all patients in order for them to make a BIRADS
Mammogram
conclusion. However, usually, in patients with ultrasound alone even
Results -
Reading & without mammogram, radiologists commonly commit a BIRADS
Interpretation conclusion. Usually, in patients with mammogram alone without
ultrasound, radiologists commonly will not commit a BIRADS conclusion.
They will place BIRADS 0, which means need additional exam. That is the
common practice of the radiologists that I take note of.
Health Issue Course How radiologists write their reports
BREAST In reality, radiologists can commit to a BIRADS conclusion just based on
Ultrasound &
the findings on the mammogram plates. NO clues or signals for
Mammogram
malignancy such as cluster of microcalcifications is already a conclusion.
Results -
Reading & Depending on the presence of other findings but which are not clues for
Interpretation malignancy, the conclusion could be BIRADS 1 – negative findings; BIRADS
2 – benign findings; or BIRADS 3 – probably benign as are usually given in
ultrasound reports.
Health Issue Course How radiologists write their reports
BREAST Three, increase in the size of the mass alone on ultrasound is commonly
Ultrasound &
used as a basis for BIRADS 4 conclusion. I don’t fully subscribe to this. I
Mammogram
have to look at other data on ultrasound like ill-defined border and other
Results -
Reading & data on physical examination before I accept the BIRADS 4 conclusion.
Interpretation
Health Issue Course How radiologists write their reports
BREAST Four, radiologists commonly use the words “mass” and “nodule” in their
Ultrasound &
reports.
Mammogram
Results -
Reading &
Interpretation
Health Issue Course How radiologists write their reports
BREAST Usually, on mammography, an unusual white or whitish density is usually
Ultrasound &
considered as a “mass” or “nodule.”
Mammogram
Results -
Reading &
Interpretation
Health Issue Course How radiologists write their reports
BREAST Usually, on ultrasound, a sound wave that produces a hypoechoic mass-
Ultrasound &
like structure is usually considered as a “mass” or “nodule.”
Mammogram
Results -
Reading &
Interpretation
Health Issue Course How radiologists write their reports
BREAST However, not all “masses” or “nodules” reported on ultrasound and
Ultrasound & mammogram are real space-occupying or 3-dimensional masses or
Mammogram nodules. Some or a lot of them will turn out to be fibrous tissues.
Results -
Reading & If the reported “masses” or “nodules” are of a size that can usually be
Interpretation palpable and if these “masses” or “nodules” are really palpable, then I
accept the report of the presence of “masses” or “nodules.”
If they are not palpable even if the reported size is one that can be
palpable (say 1 cm or more), I put a “hold order” on my acceptance of the
report.
I will re-evaluate further and make a decision whether to repeat the
diagnostic tests or not.
Health Issue Course How radiologists write their reports
BREAST Fifth, radiologists commonly put recommendations after their
Ultrasound &
conclusions.
Mammogram
Results - Examples of recommendations are: tissue-biopsy; follow-up ultrasound
Reading & and mammography, after 6 months or after one year; etc.
Interpretation My recommendation is just to consider them as personal
recommendation from the radiologists. We cannot stop them from giving
their personal recommendations.
One does not have to follow them. Let your breast specialist decide on
what to do next. The breast specialist may not also follow the
recommendations of the radiologists.
Health Issue Course Common challenges encountered
BREAST
Ultrasound &
With illustrations
Mammogram
Results -
Reading &
Interpretation
Health Issue Course Common challenges encountered
BREAST
Ultrasound &
With illustrations
Mammogram
Results -
Reading & Patient 1 – BIRADS 5
Interpretation
With a palpable breast mass with ill-defined
border
Health Issue Course
BREAST
Ultrasound &
Mammogram
Results -
Reading &
Interpretation
Health Issue Course
BREAST
Ultrasound &
Mammogram
Results -
Reading &
Interpretation

In the presence of a palpable solid breast mass with ill-defined border,

accept / agree with the results of ultrasound and mammogram -
BIRADS 5
Health Issue Course Common challenges encountered
BREAST
Ultrasound &
With illustrations
Mammogram
Results -
Reading & Patient 2
Interpretation
BIRADS 4 – BIRADS 3 – BIRADS 2
With NO palpable breast mass
Health Issue Course 66/F
BREAST 2016 – she was given a BIRADS-4B in HospitalA in May 16, 2016; repeat ultrasound in
HospitalB in May 23, 2016 – BIRADS-2; follow-up ultrasound in HospitalA in October 20,
Ultrasound & 2016 – BIRADS-4B; repeat ultrasound in HospitalB in October 24, 2016 – BIRADS-2.
Mammogram (BIRADS4B – BIRADS2 – BIRADS4B- BIRADS2)
Results - 2017 – follow-up ultrasound in HospitalA in April 22, 2017 – BIRADS-4B; repeat
Reading & ultrasound in Hospital B in May 31, 2017- BIRADS 2; follow-up ultrasound in HospitalC
Interpretation in August 29, 2017 – BIRADS 3. (BIRADS4B – BIRADS2 – BIRADS3)
2018 / 2019 – annual follow-up ultrasound in HospitalC – BIRADS 3.
2022 July – Normal physical examination findings.

6 years after – no mass to indicate CANCER.

Thus, radiologic diagnosis of BIRADS 4B was wrong.
Patient did not undergo any form of breast operation.
Health Issue Course
BREAST
Ultrasound &
Mammogram
Results -
Reading &
Interpretation
Health Issue Course
BREAST
Ultrasound &
Mammogram
Results -
Reading &
Interpretation
Health Issue Course Common challenges encountered
BREAST
Ultrasound &
With illustrations
Mammogram
Results -
Reading & Patient 3
Interpretation
BIRADS 4 – BIRADS 3 – BIRADS 1
No palpable breast mass
Health Issue Course
BREAST
Ultrasound &
Mammogram
Results -
Reading &
Interpretation
Health Issue Course
BREAST
Ultrasound &
Mammogram
Results -
Reading &
Interpretation
Health Issue Course
BREAST
Ultrasound &
Mammogram
Results -
Reading &
Interpretation
Health Issue Course Common challenges encountered
BREAST
Ultrasound &
With illustrations
Mammogram
Results -
Reading & Patient 4
Interpretation
Multiple nodules – inadequate reporting
Health Issue Course
BREAST
Ultrasound &
Mammogram
Results -
Reading &
Interpretation
Health Issue Course
BREAST
Ultrasound &
Mammogram
Results -
Reading &
Interpretation
Health Issue Course Common challenges encountered
BREAST
Ultrasound &
I STIL HAVE A LOT OF EXAMPLES / PATIENT THAT I
Mammogram
CAN SHARE WITH YOU ON THE CHALLENGES OF
Results -
Reading & BREAST ULTRASOUND AND MAMMOGRAM.
Interpretation
LET ME STOP HERE.
I HAVE INVITED SOME PATIENTS OF MINE TO
SHARE THEIR EXPERIENCES WITH YOU LATER.
Health Issue Course At this point, let me just share with you a LEGACY
BREAST that I want to leave behind before I die.
Ultrasound &
Mammogram
With my approach of reading and interpreting
Results -
Reading & ultrasound and mammo (particularly combined
Interpretation with meticulous palpation of the breasts),

I have saved more than 50 women from

UNNECESSARY BREAST OPERATIONS.
(at the very least as I started counting only on
June 2012) https://rojosonmedicalclinic.wordpress.com/category/
patients-saved-from-unnecessary-breast-operations/
Health Issue Course I also have a batting average of 98% of correct
BREAST diagnosis using the following as indicated:
Ultrasound &
• History with focus on physical examination
Mammogram
Results - • Ultrasound and mammogram (rarely using CT
Reading & scan and MRI)
Interpretation • Watchful waiting and follow-up / check-up
with focus of physical examination
Health Issue Course ROJoson’s Advice with Summary and Take Away
BREAST
Ultrasound &
Mammogram
Results -
Reading &
Interpretation
 pre
Health Issue Course Contents of PEP TALK on BREAST Ultrasound & Summary
BREAST Mammogram Results - Reading and Interpretation Take Away
Ultrasound & • General recommendations on reading and interpreting
Mammogram lab tests with narrative descriptions and conclusions
• How I read and interpret breast ultrasound and
Results - mammogram
Reading & • Common practices of radiologists in reporting breast
Interpretation ultrasound and mammogram
• Examples of challenges in reading and interpretation of
breast ultrasound and mammogram
• ROJoson’s advice in reading and interpreting breast
ultrasound and mammogram
Health Issue Course Although the reports are written for healthcare Summary
BREAST professionals, not patients, there is a lot you can Take Away
Ultrasound & learn by looking, studying, and learning from
Mammogram them (especially after this PEP Talk).
Results -
Reading & In the end, however, always have a TRUSTED
Interpretation breast specialist-clinician read and interpret them
for you.
Health Issue Course Learn how to palpate your own breasts. Summary
BREAST Do regular breast self-examination. You may Take Away
Ultrasound & not need ultrasound / mammo if you do • Indications:
Mammogram regular breast examination. • To screen for a disease
Results - or exclude its presence
Reading & Do diagnostic tests only when indicated. in high risk patients
Interpretation • To have a more definite
diagnosis after clinical
If you do diagnostic tests outside of the evaluation
indications, you will end up with a lot of false • To determine severity
positive alarming readings which can cause of a disease present
undue anxiety; which may lead to other and to prognosticate (to
project outcome)
unnecessary tests; which may lead to
• To monitor progress of
unnecessary operations not to say expenses. disease and treatment
Health Issue Course If you have ultrasound and mammogram: Summary
BREAST Take Away
Ultrasound & Remember BIRADS 4 or even 5 may turn out to be
Mammogram BIRADS 3 or even 2 or even 1.
Results -
Reading & Just have a trusted breast specialist to review and
Interpretation interpret and do a clinical correlation.
Health Issue Course If you have ultrasound and mammogram: Summary
BREAST Take Away
Ultrasound & Remember also if you have BIRADS 3/2/1, it may
Mammogram be a false negative, especially if you have a
Results - palpable breast mass.
Reading &
Interpretation Just have a trusted breast specialist to review and
interpret and do a clinical correlation.
Health Issue Course Not all masses reported are real masses. Summary
BREAST Take Away
Ultrasound & If they are not palpable, they may just be fibrous
Mammogram tissues (part of fibrocystic changes).
Results -
Reading & If cysts are reported, 99% of the time, they are
Interpretation benign as they are part of fibrocystic changes.
Health Issue Course Summary
BREAST Take Away
Ultrasound &
Mammogram
Results -
Reading &
Interpretation
Health Issue Course At the end of the day, Summary
BREAST Take Away
Ultrasound & Have a trusted breast specialist to review and
Mammogram interpret and do a clinical correlation.
Results -
Reading & Breast specialist – general surgeon who
Interpretation specializes in breast disorders (not OB-GYN)
Health Issue Course After hearing the explanations and Summary
BREAST recommendations on what to do next by your Take Away
Ultrasound & attending physician, feel free to ask questions as
Mammogram needed for further clarifications. The decision on
Results - what to do next should be a shared one between
Reading & you and your attending physician.  
Interpretation
Health Issue Course If there is a need for a second opinion from Summary
BREAST another physician on the conclusion and Take Away
Ultrasound & recommendations on what to do next, go ahead.
Mammogram You have the right to seek a second opinion. This
Results - is part of patient empowerment. Knowing the
Reading & principles and processes of reading and
Interpretation interpreting laboratory tests and their associated
caveats is also part of patient empowerment.
Health Issue Course Be always in touch with reliable medical Take Away in
BREAST information on how physicians read and interpret relation to
Ultrasound & breast ultrasound and mammogram.
Patient
Mammogram Knowledge is power; it gives power.
Results - Empowerment
Reading &
Use the 4Ks of Patient Empowerment:
Interpretation Kaalaman, Kakayanan, Karapatan and
Kapangyarihan
to gain greater control over decisions in
medical management of oneself by having
some idea on how physicians read and
interpret breast ultrasound and
mammogram.
 Empowerment
objective - for
Health Issue
laypeople to have an
Course –
understanding of the
BREAST
importance of
Ultrasound &
reading and
Mammogram
interpreting BREAST
Results -
ultrasound and
Reading &
mammogram results
Interpretation
in their health
management.