Art

History
GE 103
 ART IN EARLY CIVILAZATION
1.Discuss how art was used by prehistoric people to depict everyday life;
2.2. Identify the central themes of prehistoric art;
3.3. Differentiate the techniques used during the three kingdoms of early Egypt; and
4.4. Explain how art is linked with religion in early Egyptian civilization.

Stone Age a period of history when stones were used to make tools for survival.

Prehistory Art gradual shift from a nomadic lifestyle of early humans to that of permanent
settlements, paving the way for the rise of early civilizations.

Palaeolithic Art It is a product of climate change.

Neolithic Art developed especially when life for the early humans has become more
stable.

Egyptian Art The Fertile Ribbon starts from the banks of the Nile River.
 STONE AGE

Period of history when stones were used to make

tools for survival.
 Stone Age is a term used to describe a period of history when
stones were used to make tools for survival. The term “conjures an
image of men and women dressed in skins, huddling before a fire in
cave”. Though prehistoric humans would not necessarily possess the
complex rational capabilities to tell their story through written
records and accounts, some artifacts in the form of cave paintings
and sculptures would serve as the “storytellers.” In order to talk
about prehistoric art, there is a need to situate them within the
context of the three periods of the Stone Age culture (which roughly
span the 14,000 – 2,000 BCE): Paleolithic (the late years of the Old
Stone Age), Mesolithic (Middle Stone Age), and the Neolithic (New
Stone Age).
The unearthing of archeological artifacts and remains provides modern society a glimpse
of the beliefs, practices, and activities of early civilizations. The motives and reasons
behind the creation of ancient materials such as sculptures, paintings and architectural
structures may not be clearly defined. Nevertheless, the early people produced such
materials that reflect their attitudes and belief systems on spiritual, social, political and
economic matters. It can be noted that works of art and architecture were created from a
wide array of materials from limestone to precious gems and metals to name a few. As the
early humans started to transition from being nomads to permanent settlers, their
everyday activities also had some changes, which is evident through the materials and
even the works of art they have created. Despite changes as a result of adapting to their
environment, there are central themes in their artworks. Most ancient artworks depict
religious symbols, a wide array of organisms from nature and activities of everyday life.
 Prehistoric Art
Gradual shift from a nomadic lifestyle of early
humans to that of permanent settlements, paving
the way for the rise of early civilizations.
 Archeological explorations reveal that there has been
a gradual shift from a nomadic lifestyle of early
humans to that of permanent settlements, paving the
way for the rise of early civilizations. The Stone Age
has witnessed how humans were able to lead more
stable lives and eventually come up with permanent
shelters and tools for survival. To complement this
stability and sense of permanence, early humans also
turned to the creation of paintings and sculptures that
depict humans, animals, and their natural habitats. It
would seem that there were attempts to record the
kind of lives they led within that period of time.
Central to the representation of early civilizations
would be the establishing of possible linkages among
art, religion and life.
Palaeolithic Art

It is a product of climate change

 It is a product of climate change. As the climate got colder, part
of the early humans’ instinct to look for shelters that would
provide them with warmth. Caves became protective havens for
the early humans and these caves paved the way for the birth of
their first attempts to create art. One cave painting can be traced
back to Lascaux, France and its discovery came as a surprise.
Two boys chased after their dog into a hole where their ball got
stuck in. When they followed the dog, they were astonished to
discover a cave with beautiful paintings. The cave paintings
would eventually be called the “Hall of Bulls

The figures depicted on the walls were done with a certain level of crispness and life that there were
initial hesitations of the work’s authenticity. However, evidence later on pointed out that the cave
paintings were created during the Paleolithic Period. It is also important to take note that the
paintings evoke naturalism, which is evidently seen through the contours of the animals’ body and
their dark colors. Although most people would think that early humans were primitive, some of their
art techniques were considered advanced for their time. Some of the early humans already used their
own version of spray-painting techniques by using ground pigments blown through reeds or
hollowed-out bones since these were the readily available materials for them. Aside from this spray-
painting technique, early humans also worked with foreshortening and contrasting of lights and
shadows. These techniques created the illusion of three-dimensional forms and seemingly real
representation of animals.
 Artworks can be considered ornamental but there is little evidence to fully back up this
notion, that early humans created these cave paintings for that very purpose. Most of
these works were discovered inside the deep recesses of caves so they may not necessarily
be used as decorative items. Some would say that these caves with paintings all over the
walls and ceilings served as a kind of sanctuary for the early humans. As a safe haven,
religious rituals could have possibly transpired within the confines of the caves. Some
believed that there was a linkage between what was drawn and what could happen in real
life. For example, drawing or painting the capture of a prey would translate to an actual
capturing of an animal in real life. In addition, some of the works found reflected some of
the early beliefs of humans especially with life and fertility. One of the works that
reflected such beliefs would be a sculpture called the “Venus of Willendorf.” this
figure is a highly abstracted woman from highlighted body parts associated with
fertility.
woman has oversized breasts,
enlarged hips, and round
abdomen.
 Neolithic Art

developed especially when life for the

early humans has become more stable.

Neolithic art has developed especially when life for
the early humans has become more stable. They have
learned to cultivate the land and domesticate animals.
By 4000 BCE, there were several monumental and
architectural structures erected. One of them is the
Stonehenge located in Southern England.
The purpose of this fascinating edifice remains a
mystery up to this day and age. Some regard it as a
temple while others see it as complex calendar the
tracked the movements of both the Sun and Moon.
Others ascribe some magical element to it by
associating it with Merlin the Magician from King
Arthur’s story. For whatever purpose it was built on, it
still remains as one of the architectural wonders the
world has ever seen.
As the Neolithic Period drew to a close, it was
evident that different elements of civilization
flourished in various parts of the world. It is also
notable that most early civilizations emerged and
flourished in river valleys: the Nile in Egypt, Indus in
India, Tigris and Euphrates in Mesopotamia, and
Huang Ho River in China.
 Egyptian Art
The Fertile Ribbon starts from the banks of
the Nile River
 The Fertile Ribbon starts from the banks of the Nile River, which flows north to Africa
and ventures into the Mediterranean. It is in this very ribbon where early Egyptians recognized
the integral role of the Nile River to their daily lives. It is this indispensability and utility that

02
eventually led to the belief that the Nile River is to be worshipped as a God. With this came the
notion that art was something that can be ascribed and associated with religion. The Egyptian
civilization can be divided into three periods: Old, Middle and New Kingdom. Looking at the
three periods, it can be noticed that for the Egyptians, art should be something religious and
spiritual. There may have been differences in the techniques used and style emphasized, but
there are common denominators among the artworks created during their respective time
periods
 Objectives
01 You can describe the topic of
the section here

Table of Methodology
contents 02 You can describe the topic of
the section here

Schedule
03 You can describe the topic of
the section here
 Literature review

Etruscan Dacian Hittite Rome

Despite being red, Neptune is the
Venus is the second Jupiter is gas giant
Mars is actually a farthest planet from
planet from the Sun and the biggest planet
very cold place the Sun
 Schedule
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
01 02 03 04 05 06

07 08 09 10 11 12 13

14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27

28

To do:
Mercury is the Mars is actually a Venus has a
smallest planet cold place beautiful name
 Timeline
Mars is actually a cold
Mercury is the closest Venus is the second Neptune is the farthest
place. It's full of iron
planet to the Sun planet from the Sun planet from the Sun
oxide dust

Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4

 Methodology 1
Venus
Venus is the second 01
planet from the Sun
Jupiter
02 Jupiter is a gas giant
and the biggest
Mercury planet
Mercury is the 03
smallest planet in
the Solar System Mars
04 It’s a cold place. It's
full of iron oxide
dust
 Methodology 2
75% 50% 15% 25%

Greece Rome Egypt Aztec

Mercury is the Jupiter is a gas giant Mars is a cold
Venus is the second
smallest planet in and the biggest place. It's full of
planet from the Sun
the Solar System planet iron oxide dust
 Table
Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Test 4

Describe your metrics 1 here C W W C

Describe your metrics 2 here C C C W

Describe your metrics 3 here W C C W

C Mercury is very small W Mars is a cold place

 Multimedia
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 Results analysis
Greek
60% Mercury is the smallest planet
in the Solar System

Islamic
10% Venus is the second planet from
the Sun. It’s really hot

Celtic
To modify this graph, click on it, follow the link, change
30% Earth is the third planet from
the data and paste the new graph here the Sun
A picture is worth a
thousand words
 Americas

Pre-classic Classic Post-classic

Venus is the second planet Earth is the third planet Despite being red, Mars is
from the Sun from the Sun actually a cold place

Aztec Mayan Colombia

Jupiter is a gas giant and Neptune is the farthest Ceres is located in the main
the biggest planet planet from the Sun asteroid belt
 50,000 20,000
Despite being red, Mars is a very Venus is the second planet from
cold place the Sun

10,000 5,000
Jupiter is the biggest planet in the The Sun is the star at the center of
Solar System the Solar System
150,000
Big numbers catch your audience’s attention
Awesome
words
 Territories to study

America Europe
Aztec Rome

Mayan Greek

Colombia Celtic

You can enter some relevant text here

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