Using evidence

• Author prominent
• Information prominent
Author prominent citations
• Author’s name used in sentence
• Citation (Year of publication: page/s) placed immediately after
author’s name
• Author’s name NOT repeated in citation

As Ramhuurry (2014:11) contends…

Information prominent citations
• Author’s name not used in sentence
• Citation at end of sentence (Author’s last name date
of publication:page/s)

S.A universities pay homage to a

medieval heritage (Nation 1996:8).
In-text• More
citations
than one page reference
• (Bursian 2009:8-11)
• Two authors
• Author prominent
• Earl and Cameron (2009:55) affirm…
• Information prominent
• The contribution of learning skills advisers, rather than effort or
sheer intelligence, is the key ingredient to success at university
(Earl & Cameron 2009:55).
In-text citations
• More than one source
• Separate with semicolon in brackets
• (Levy 2006:11; Nation 1996:8)
• Quoting one author from another’s work
• Author prominent
• Cameron (in Earl 2009:89) suggests…
• Information prominent
• Learning skills advisers contribute much to student success at
university (Cameron in Earl 2009:89).
In-text citations
• More than one source
• Separate with semicolon in brackets
• (Levy 2006:11; Nation 1996:8)
• Quoting one author from another’s work
• Author prominent
• Cameron (in Earl 2009:89) suggests…
• Information prominent
• Learning skills advisers contribute much to student success at
university (Cameron in Earl 2009:89).
Reference list
• Alphabetical by author surname
• Each source recorded only once
• No bullet points or numbers
• Full bibliographical details
• Only sources cited in the essay
• Print (with heading) on a separate sheet
Reference list: Books
• Author’s last name, Initial. (date of publication) Title of publication.
(Edition if appropriate) City of publication: Publisher.
Reference list: Books
• Author’s last name, Initial. (date of publication) Title of publication. (Edition if
appropriate) City of publication: Publisher.

• Marshall, L. & Rowland, F. (2006) A Guide to Learning Independently.

(Fourth Edition) Frenchs Forest, NSW: Pearson.
Reference list: Chapter
• Author’s last name, Initial. (date of publication) “Title of chapter in
inverted commas” in Editor’s initial. Editor’s last name (ed. or eds)
Title of publication. City of publication: Publisher: page numbers.
Reference list: Chapter

• Author’s last name, Initial. (date of publication) “Title of

chapter in inverted commas” in Editor’s initial. Editor’s last
name (ed. or eds) Title of publication. City of publication:
Publisher: page numbers.

• Burston, M. (1996) “Becoming a graduate” in D.

Nation (ed.) Becoming an Independent Learner.
Churchill, Vic: Monash University: 66-99.
Reference list: Journal article
• Author’s last name, Initial. (date of publication) “Title of article in
inverted commas”. Title of journal, volume number (issue number):
page numbers.
Reference list: Journal article
• Author’s last name, Initial. (date of publication) “Title of article
in inverted commas”. Title of journal, volume number (issue
number): page numbers.

• Levy, S. & Murray, J. (2003) “Demystifying tertiary

success: Strategies for broadening participation and
initiating lifelong learning”. Journal of the Institute for
Access Studies and the European Access Network, 5
(2): 42-45.
Reference list: Website
• Author’s last name, Initial or Authoring Body (date of document or
latest revision) “Title of document or page in inverted commas”, Title
of overall website. Complete URL (date of access).
Reference list: Website
• Author’s last name, Initial or Authoring Body (date of
document or latest revision) “Title of document or page in
inverted commas”, Title of overall website. Complete URL
(date of access).

• Conley, T. (2001) “Happiest moment of the past half

million: Beckett biography”, The Modern Word.
http://www.themodernword.
com/beckett/beckett_biography.html (accessed 15
March 2007).
Reference list

Burston, M. (1996) “Becoming a graduate” in D. Nation (ed.) Becoming an

Independent Learner. Churchill, Vic: Monash University: 66-99.

Conley, T. (2001) “Happiest moment of the past half million: Beckett biography”, The
Modern Word. http://www.themodernword.com/
beckett/beckett_biography.html (accessed 15 March 2007).

Levy, S. & Murray, J. (2003) “Demystifying tertiary success: Strategies for broadening

participation and initiating lifelong learning”. Journal of the Institute for Access
Studies and the European Access Network, 5 (2): 42-45.

Marshall, L. & Rowland, F. (2006) A Guide to Learning Independently 4th edn.

Frenchs Forest NSW: Pearson.