8.2 Computerized Facial Composite

LESSON 8.
1 FORENSIC PHOTOGRAPHY
COMPUTERIZED FACIAL
COMPOSITE

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

LESSON 8.1 FORENSIC PHOTOGRAPHY
INTRODUCTION:
Facial composite images are often used in the criminal
investigation process to facilitate the search for and
identification of someone who has committed a crime.

INTRODUCTION:
Alphonse Bertillon (April 24, 1853 – February 13,
1914) - was a French police officer and biometrics
researcher who created anthropometry, an identification
system based on physical measurements.


LESSON GOAL:
The participants will gain an understanding of the
importance of Facial Composite and Computerized Facial
Composite in criminal investigation, identifying missing
persons and acquire additional knowledge and skills in
facial composite preparation.


LESSON OBJECTIVE:
By the end of this lesson, the participants should be able to:
1.Define different terms used in this lesson.

2.Discuss the history of Composite Criminal Illustration.
3.Relate the importance of Facial Composite in Criminal
Investigation.
4.Explain how to prepare a Facial Composite/Computer
Facial Composite.
5.Explain the procedure in availing the services of Facial
Composite artist of PNP Crime laboratory.

DEFINITION OF TERMS:
1. Cognitive Interview - An interview method of facilitating
recall of an event from the memory of a witness.
2. Composite- means made up to various component parts

or blended” composite imagery, as category of forensic
art.

3. Composite Art- this is the techniques of creating a sketch
of an unknown subject from individually describes arts
into the single graphic image.
4. Composite Artist - A person who assists in criminal

investigations by producing facial or full-body composite
images by hand drawing or with the use of a computer
system.

5. Composite Image- the term “composite” should be used
when referring to any facial or full-body image, of a
suspect or person of interest, which is assembled with
the assistance of the witness/victim.
6. Criminal - One that has committed or been legally

convicted of a crime.

7. Composite Criminal Illustration System - refers to a
computer generated image based on actual description of
a witness or a victim.
8. Facial Composite - is a graphical representation of an

eyewitness memory of face as recorded by a composite
artist.

9. Identi-Kit - is the powerful investigative tool that creates

accurate photo realistic facial composite sketches based
on verbal descriptions provided by a witness or victim.
10. Investigator- a public safety officer who is tasked to

conduct the investigation of all criminal cases as
provided for and embodied under Revised Penal
Code/Criminal Laws and Special Laws.

11. Recognition – the process of Identifying or matching a
person of his photo with a mental image that one has
previously stored in memory.
12. Suspect - individual who is/are pointed to be by the

victim(s) and witness (es) to have had committed the
crime in issue.

13. Witness - One who can give a firsthand account of
something seen, heard, or experienced and one who
furnishes evidence
14. Victim – the aggrieved party.

History of Facial Composite (Composite Criminal

Illustration) in the Philippine National Police:

1985 - Done through hand drawing using pencil and Oslo

or bond paper



2003- Faces 3.0 ------ result -----Caucasian

2004 (computer generated)



2005 - Faces 4.0 ------ result ------ Caucasian

(computer generated)


2008 - Australian Federal Police donated Facial Composite

System to PNP, Crime Laboratory
2011 - C, PNP approved the standard terminology Facial

Composite/ Computerized Facial Composite

- A total of Twenty Four (24) Facial Composite
System in the PNP was distributed Nationwide.


On May 20, 2011- The C,PNP approved the term “ Facial

Composite” to be adopted PNP wide in lieu of “Cartographic
Sketch”
“Computerized Facial Composite” (CFC) be used when the
image is made by computer in lieu of “Computerized
Composite Criminal Illustration “(CCCI)

COMPUTERIZED FACIAL COMPOSITE:
IMAGE IS COMPUTER GENERATED



USED TO ENHANCE IMAGE

Purpose of Facial Composite:

1. Case Build- up
2. Identifying the suspect
3. To successfully gather, interpret and illustrate the
information obtained from the victim’s memory.

Procedures in availing the Facial Composite:

Step 1
Submit a letter request addressed to PNP Crime Laboratory, C,
Photography Division or equivalent section in PRO
Step 2
Witness/victim must be accompanied by the investigator on case
during the Facial Composite Illustration.
Step 3
Result of Facial Composite will be released to Investigator on
Case upon completion of the Composite Image Free of Charge.

Composite Session:
A session involves drawing and interviewing. Though drawing is
vital to the session, the real challenge lies in the ability of the
interviewer to victims/suspects.
The structure and continuity of the session are extremely

crucial; the artist must develop a technique that involves a
victims/witness in the creation of the suspect’s sketch.


THE PROCESS…
WITNESS
COMPOSITE
ARTIST

Composite Image:
A composite image may be produced either through the
freehand drawing of an artist or through assembling an image with
the use of computer software made for that purpose.



FACIAL IDENTIFICATION FORM

FACIAL IDENTIFICATION FORM









Composite as Evidence:
It is important to keep in mind that the composite is a piece of
evidence. Once the witness has agreed that the image is complete,
no additional changes should be made. In order to preserve the
integrity of the composite sketch, the following steps are strongly
recommended:

1. The artist and witness should sign or initial the composite
when completed. The date and time of the witness’ signing should
be included and will indicate the point after which the sketch was
preserved as an item of evidence.

2. The artist should add the following statement somewhere on
the drawing: “TO ALTER, ADD, TINT, COLOR, OR CHANGE ANY
DETAILS WITHIN THIS PICTORIAL STATEMENT WOULD
AMOUNT TO TAMPERING WITH EVIDENCE.”

3. The use of computer software for the creation of a
composite image allows for verification of the authenticity of the
composite image through the examination of metadata attached to
the image.

The Witness’ Ability to Recall:

Investigators and composite artists, alike, should understand
that the confidence level of an eyewitness is sometimes low when
he is asked questions regarding his ability to assist in producing a
composite image. An investigator may consider a witness to be a
candidate for a composite sketch if that witness’ account of what
he saw includes a visual encounter with a suspect or other unique
feature or item.

Availability of a Witness:
It is to the advantage of the investigating officer to arrange for a
composite image as soon as possible following an incident.
Although it may be necessary to delay completion of an image
when stress or trauma on the part of a victim warrants it,
unnecessary delays should be avoided.

Witness Contamination:
Investigators who are considering the use of composite
sketches in their investigations should avoid showing photographs
to witnesses or using any other facial identification procedure until
the composite sketches have been completed.

Multiple Witnesses:
1. One image developed with the best witness.
2. Individual images independently developed from

each witness.

The Group Sketch Approach:

In rare instances, successful sketches have been completed as
a result of a group interview. This collaborative approach is
accomplished simply by having multiple witnesses present for a
single interview, all providing input for a single image.

Practical Exercise
Mechanics:
• The class will be divided of four (4) participants each.

• Each group shall be given a scenario having a composite
session and task to act as; witness, victim, investigator,
and facial composite artist.


SUMMARY:
At the end of this lesson, we learned the following:
Defined the different terms used.
Discussed the history of Composite Criminal

Illustration.
Related the importance of Facial Composite in

Criminal Investigation.


SUMMARY:
At the end of this lesson, we learned the following:
Explained how to prepare a Facial

Composite/Computer Facial Composite.
Explained the procedure in availing the services of

Facial Composite artist of PNP Crime laboratory.


END OF PRESENTATION…

8.2 Computerized Facial Composite

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LESSON 8.

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

1.Define different terms used in this lesson.

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

2. Composite- means made up to various component parts

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

4. Composite Artist - A person who assists in criminal

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

6. Criminal - One that has committed or been legally

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

8. Facial Composite - is a graphical representation of an

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

9. Identi-Kit - is the powerful investigative tool that creates

10. Investigator- a public safety officer who is tasked to

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

12. Suspect - individual who is/are pointed to be by the

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

14. Victim – the aggrieved party.

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

History of Facial Composite (Composite Criminal

1985 - Done through hand drawing using pencil and Oslo

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

History of Facial Composite (Composite Criminal

2003- Faces 3.0 ------ result -----Caucasian

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

History of Facial Composite (Composite Criminal

2005 - Faces 4.0 ------ result ------ Caucasian

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

History of Facial Composite (Composite Criminal

2008 - Australian Federal Police donated Facial Composite

2011 - C, PNP approved the standard terminology Facial

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

History of Facial Composite (Composite Criminal

On May 20, 2011- The C,PNP approved the term “ Facial

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

COMPUTERIZED FACIAL COMPOSITE:

IMAGE IS COMPUTER GENERATED

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

USED TO ENHANCE IMAGE

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

Purpose of Facial Composite:

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

Procedures in availing the Facial Composite:

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

The structure and continuity of the session are extremely

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

FACIAL IDENTIFICATION FORM

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

FACIAL IDENTIFICATION FORM

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE

INVESTIGATION OFFICERS BASIC COURSE