Data Structures & Algorithms

Assignment 1

Name : Navaneethakrishnan S M
Register no : 20BEE055
Data structure
• A data structure is a specialized format for organizing, storing, and
manipulating data in a computer.

• Data structure, a way of efficiently storing and organizing data in a

computer

• Data structure (blockchain), a method by which data can be verifiably

stored on a decentralized peer-to-peer network, where efficiency is not
one of the properties achieved
Types of data structures

• Arrays
• Linked lists
• Trees
• Hash tables
Types of data structures in general

• Primitive data structures: Primitive data structures are the basic data
structures that form the building blocks of complex data structures.
Examples of primitive data structures include integers, floats, and
characters.

• Non-primitive data structures: Non-primitive data structures are data

structures that are derived from primitive data structures. Examples of
non-primitive data structures include arrays, linked lists, and trees.
Types of data structures

• Arrays: An array is a collection of elements of the same

type, stored in contiguous memory locations, that can be
accessed by an index.

• Linked lists: A linked list is a linear collection of data

elements, called nodes, where each node is connected to
the next node in the list through a pointer.
Types of data structures

• Trees: A tree is a non-linear data structure that consists

of nodes connected by edges.

• Graphs: A graph is a collection of vertices and edges

that represent relationships between objects.
Types of data structures

• Hash tables: A hash table is a data structure that

uses a hash function to map keys to indices in an
array.
Complexity
• Time complexity: Time complexity is a measure of the
amount of time an algorithm takes to complete as a function
of the size of the input data.

• Space complexity: Space complexity is a measure of the

amount of memory an algorithm requires to complete as a
function of the size of the input data.
Data structures for the data in tabular form

• The most common data structure for storing data in a

tabular format is a table, also known as a 2-
dimensional array. A table consists of rows and
columns, with each cell in the table representing a
single data point. The rows represent individual
records, and the columns represent attributes or fields
of the data.
Data structures for the data in tabular form

• Tables can be stored in various forms, including databases,

spreadsheets, and data warehousing systems. The structure of
the table, including the number of columns and the types of
data stored in each column, is defined by a schema.

• In addition to tables, other data structures such as linked lists,

trees, and graphs can also be used to store and represent data,
but they are typically less efficient for representing data in a
tabular format compared to tables.
Data structures for the data in tabular form

• Tables are widely used in various forms, including databases,

spreadsheets, and data warehousing systems. In databases,
tables are used to store and manage data in a structured format.

• The structure of the table, including the number of columns

and the types of data stored in each column, is defined by a
schema. The schema serves as a blueprint for the data stored in
the table and defines the relationships between the different
tables in a database.
Data structures for the data in tabular form

• In spreadsheets, tables are used to store and analyze

data in a tabular format. Spreadsheets use a grid-like
interface to represent data in a table format, with rows
and columns representing individual data points.
Formulas and functions can be applied to cells to
perform calculations, and charts and graphs can be
generated to visualize data.
Data structures for the data in tabular form

• In data warehousing, tables are used to store and

manage large amounts of data in a centralized
repository. The data stored in a data warehousing
system is typically collected from multiple sources and
consolidated into a single, unified repository. The data
stored in the data warehousing system can be queried,
analyzed, and visualized to gain insights into the data.
Applications of data structures for tabular data
representation

• Database management systems

• Spreadsheets
• Big data analytics
• Data warehousing
Data structures for the data in tabular form

Database management systems:

• Definition: A database management system (DBMS)

is a software application that interacts with the user,
other applications, and the database itself to capture
and analyze the data.
Data structures for the data in tabular form

• Applications of data structures for tabular data

representation in DBMS: In a DBMS, data is stored in
tables, which are essentially 2-dimensional arrays. Each
table has rows and columns, and each cell in the table
represents a single data point. The tables are organized into
a database schema, which defines the structure of the data.

• Example: Relational databases, such as MySQL or Oracle,

use tables to represent data in a tabular format.
Data structures for the data in tabular form

Spreadsheets:

• Definition: A spreadsheet is a software

application used for organizing, analyzing, and
manipulating data in a tabular format.
Data structures for the data in tabular form

• Applications of data structures for tabular data

representation in spreadsheets: Spreadsheets use a table
format to store and display data, with rows and columns
representing individual data points. Formulas and functions
can be applied to cells to perform calculations, and charts
and graphs can be generated to visualize data.

• Example: Microsoft Excel is a popular spreadsheet

application that uses a table format to represent data.
Data structures for the data in tabular form

Big data analytics:

• Definition: Big data analytics is the process of

analyzing large and complex data sets to uncover
hidden patterns, correlations, and other insights.
Data structures for the data in tabular form

• Applications of data structures for tabular data

representation in big data analytics: Tabular data structures,
such as tables and spreadsheets, can be used to represent big
data sets for analysis. Large data sets can be broken down
into smaller, manageable chunks, and then transformed into
tabular form for analysis.

• Example: Apache Hadoop, a big data processing framework,

uses tables to store and analyze large data sets.
Data structures for the data in tabular form

Data warehousing:

• Definition: Data warehousing is the process of

centralizing and organizing data from multiple sources
into a single, unified repository for analysis and
reporting.
Data structures for the data in tabular form

• Applications of data structures for tabular data

representation in data warehousing: In a data warehousing
system, data is stored in a large centralized repository, often
in the form of tables. These tables can be queried, analyzed,
and visualized to gain insights into the data.

• Example: Oracle Warehouse Builder is a data warehousing

tool that uses tables to store and manage data in a
centralized repository.
Conclusion

• In conclusion, a table is a widely used data structure

for storing data in a tabular format, and it is the most
efficient data structure for this purpose. Tables can be
used in various forms, including databases,
spreadsheets, and data warehousing systems, to store
and manage data in a structured format.
Thank you
Name : Navaneethakrishnan S M
Register no : 20BEE055