State how atomic structure is linked to the periodic table.

Explain why the noble gases are so unreactive.

Describe how metals and non-metals differ, including electronic structures and their positions in the periodic table.

ELECTRONIC
STRUCTURES &
THE PERIODIC
TABLE
 ELECTRONIC STRUCTURES & THE PERIODIC TABLE Saturday 22 April 2023

Write the title 4 State how atomic structure is linked to the periodic table.

“Electronic
Structures & the
Periodic Table ”
6 Explain why the noble gases are so unreactive.

& the date in your

exercise books 8 Describe how metals and non-metals differ, including electronic
structures and their positions in the periodic table.

Do now

What makes a metal a metal?

On white
b oards
John Dalton wrote the first table of elements. How did he order the elements?
By atomic weight. (1 mark)

Describe Newlands’ Law of Octaves.

All the known elements are arranged in order of atomic weight and each element is
similar to the element eight places ahead of it, hence “octaves” (from the Latin for
eight). (2 marks)
Why did Newlands’ fellow scientists refuse to accept his law of octaves?
His rule of similarities fell down quite quickly, with some groups bearing no similarities
at all. (1 mark)

What is meant by the word “periodic” in the term “periodic table”?

Regularly repeating pattern in the properties of elements. (1 mark)
Mendeleev left gaps in his table. Why did he do this and what predictions did he make?
He left gaps for as yet undiscovered elements, predicting what their properties would
be. (2 marks)
How were these gaps later used to show his table was a breakthrough in scientific
understanding?
Years after Mendeleev’s table was proposed, new elements were discovered that
matched his predictions, showing his table worked. (2 marks)
Why did Mendeleev put Argon before Potassium, even though its mass number is higher?
Ordering strictly by mass number would have resulted in argon being in the alkali
metals group. The properties of Argon matched those of the other noble gases, so it was
placed there, maintaining the periodic pattern. (2 marks)
How did the discovery of the proton finally make Mendeleev’s ordering of the elements
make sense?
The table was shown to be ordered by the number of protons in the atoms of each
element (the atomic number). (1 mark)
Compare Dalton’s table to Mendeleev’s. (3 marks)
• Dalton’s table is ordered by atomic mass, Mendeleev’s by number of protons.
• Dalton’s table is not broken into groups of similar elements, Mendeleev’s is.
• Dalton’s group is not broken into repeating periods, Mendeleev’s is.
WHAT MAKES A METAL A METAL?
Lithium, Sodium and Potassium all belong to the same group of the periodic
table.

• Which group do they belong to?

Group 1

• What is the link between their electron structure and the group they
belong to?

They have 1 electron in the outer shell,

which corresponds to their group number.
ELECTRONIC STRUCTURES & THE PERIODIC TABLE Saturday 22 April 2023
STARTER s cu s s! 1 minute Be ready to
Di explain your answe
r!

• Match the group to its description.

Group 1 Very unreactive non-metal gases

Group 2 Very reactive non-metals

Transition metals Very reactive metals

Group 7 Metals that form 2+ ions

Group 0 Typical metals

ELECTRONIC STRUCTURES & THE PERIODIC State how atomic structure is linked to the
periodic table.
TABLE

Lithium, Sodium and Potassium all belong to the same group of the periodic
table.

• Which group do they belong to?

Group 1

• What is the link between their electron structure and the group they
belong to?

They have 1 electron in the outer shell,

which corresponds to their group number.
ELECTRONIC STRUCTURES & THE PERIODIC State how atomic structure is linked to the
periodic table.
TABLE

• What does the word malleable mean?

Can be hammered or pressed into shape

without breaking or cracking.

• What does the word ductile mean?

Can be stretched without breaking.

ASSESSED TASK
State how atomic structure is linked to the
periodic table.

• Answer the questions on the yellow worksheet.

i len ce
S
5 minutes
 State how atomic structure is linked to the periodic table.
ELECTRONIC STRUCTURES & THE PERIODIC
TABLE Explain why the noble gases are so unreactive.

Turn to the periodic table stuck in the front of your exercise book.
Discuss the following:
• How does the electronic structure of an atom relates to its
position in the periodic table?

• How you can you predict the electronic structure of an atom?

• Which of the elements are metals and which are non-metals?

• Why are noble gases unreactive?

• What might the trend in boiling point of noble gases be?

ELECTRONIC STRUCTURES & THE PERIODIC Describe how metals and non-metals differ, including electronic
structures and their positions in the periodic table.
TABLE
Turn to page 24 of the text book.
• Read the section titled “Metals, non-metals,
and electronic structures”.

• How could you answer this LO?

Describe how metals and non-metals differ,

including electronic structures and their
positions in the periodic table.

Make notes on the differences, be ready to give an

answer.