Going through the comparing microscopes

homework
B1 Cell structure and
transport
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Learning objectives

• Know which organelles are present in eukaryote and prokaryote cells

• Understand the difference between eukaryote and prokaryote cells

• Explain the functions of the organelles in both animals and plant cells.
Eukaryotic vs. prokaryotic cells
• So far we have been looking at eukaryotic cells (animals and plants)
Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
• Do you already know the difference?

• Copy this table to compare them and complete watching the video
Prokaryotes Eukaryotes

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQ-SMCmWB1s
 Prokaryotes Eukaryotes
• Very small • Larger
• Simple
• Complex
• No nucleus
• Nucleus
• No membrane-bound organelles (e.g.
mitochondria) • Membrane-bound organelles (e.g.
• Have cytoplasm and cell membrane mitochondria, chloroplast)
• DNA loose in cytoplasm (single • Have cytoplasm and cell membrane
circular chromosome)
• Flagella
• Have a cell wall (but it is not cellulose)
Bacteria are single celled organisms which contain:

ribosomes
TASK: Produce a labelled diagram of a bacterium

ribosomes

1. There are 3 new structures in bacteria – name them

2. Describe what they are/what their function is (use your textbook, page 8).
3. How is the genetic material different from that found in plant/animal cells?
Produce a labelled diagram of a bacterium

ribosomes

There are 3 new structures in bacteria – name them Flagella, slime capsule, plasmids
Describe what they are/what their function is (use your textbook, page 8). Not in nucleus and not
How is the genetic material different from that found in plant/animal cells? linear
TASK: Complete the table comparing eukaryotes
(plants and animals) with prokaryotes
 Organelle Present in Present in Present in Function
animal plant cells? prokaryotic
cells? cells?

TASK: Complete the table comparing eukaryotes

Cell Membrane Controls what substances can enter and exit the cell

Nucleus Controls the cell and stores DNA

(plants and animals) with prokaryotes

Plasmids Small loops of additional DNA that can be exchanged between bacterial cells. They often
contain genes for antibiotic resistance.

Chloroplasts Carry out photosynthesis

Cell Wall Support the cell and give it structure

Cytoplasm Where chemical reactions take place

Ribosome Carry out protein synthesis

Mitochondria Carry out respiration

Flagella Allow bacterial cells to move (not always present)

Vacuole Protect bacterial cells and lubricate them (not always present)

Slime capsule
Lubricates/protects cell
Comparison of cells
Feature Animal Cell Plant Cell Bacterial Cell

Cell Membrane

Nucleus

Plasmids

Chloroplasts

Cell Wall

Cytoplasm
Comparison of cells
Feature Animal Cell Plant Cell Bacterial Cell

Cell Membrane

Nucleus

Plasmids

Chloroplasts

Cell Wall

Cytoplasm
Complete the exam question