CHAPTER 2

PRINCIPLES OF STATICS

OBJECTIVES

The one legged chair FORCE a push or pull exerted on one body by another

STATIC EQUILIBRIUM = BODIES AT REST (zero acceleration) ALL THE FORCES BALANCE

FORCES WILL BE REPRESENTED BY ARROWS

1. MAGNITUDE refers to the size or amount of force

ENGLISH SYSTEM

Pound lb Kip (1,000 lb)

SYTEM INTERNATIONAL

Newton - N

2. DIRECTION- the path along which the force acts (line of action)

3. SENSE- refers to the way the forces acts along its line of action 4. POINT OF APPLICATION- the point on the object at which the force is applied

Forces can be positive or negative.

Two forces can cancel each other.

COLINEAR FORCES
Forces going in the same direction work together.

FORCE CAN BE EXERTED IN A VARIETY OF WAYS

THEN, THERES ALSO DIRECT APPLICATION

CONCENTRATED VS DISTRIBUTED LOADS

EXTERNAL FORCE

INTERNAL FORCE

SCALAR AND VECTOR QUANTITIES

QUANTITY SOMETHING THAT CAN BE MEASURED time to walk around the block length of your arm some quantities have only size- these are called scalars

SCALARS A QUANTITY THAT HAS MAGNITUDE ONLY VOLUME TIME DENSITY TEMPERATURE PRESSURE CAN BE ADDED ALGEBRAICLY

VECTOR ANY QUANTITY THAT HAS MAGNITUDE, DIRECTION AND SENSE

SYMBOL IS THE ARROW

Velocity can be measured. It is a quantity that can be written down. However, we would say the following statement does not completely explain nor express a velocity: v = 25 m/s velocities have more that just a size. They also have a direction A more correct statement would say, "The velocity equals 25 meters per second North .

A completely correct statement would say:

The velocity is 38 m/s in a direction of 52 degrees West of North. CANNOT BE ADDED ALGEBRAICLY BECAUSE THE DIRECTION IS AS IMPORTANT AS THE MAGNITUDE

PRINCIPLE OF TRANSMISSIBILITY

INTERNAL EFFECTS OF EXTERNAL FORCES

FORCE SYSTEMS

COPLANER FORCES

NONCOPLANAR FORCES

Nonconcurrent

VECTOR COMPONENTS

VECTOR ADDITION - COLLINEAR

VECTOR ADDITION - NONCOLLINEAR

BOX OUT/PARALLELOGRAM M METHOD A R 1. CONNECT THE ENDS OF THE VECTORS WITH A BOX. B A+B=R
What if the vectors are connected head to head?

2. DRAW IN THE RESULTANT, TAIL-TO-TIP

1. BOX THEM OUT

2. DRAW IN THE RESULTANT, TAIL-TO-TIP

WHAT ABOUT SUBTRACTION?

SIMPLY REVERSE THE SENSE OF B, AND ADD A A-B=R -B

R A

FORCE TRIANGLE METHOD

APPLY TRANSMISSIBILITY THEOREM

SLIDE ONE VECTOR OVER UNTIL THEY ARE TIP-TO-TAIL

DRAW IN RESULTANT, FROM TAIL OF FIRST TO TIP OF SECOND VECTOR

FINDING THE X COMPONENT

Since the original Vector is named F, the x-component should be named Fx

Now, solve for Fx

Now, solve for Y component, Fy

WHAT ABOUT THE DOG?

As this is orthogonal system, Pythagorean theorem applies

Solve for using Tan and x/y components

F=600N

By Pythagorean Theorem

By Similar Triangles

c a b 1 2 5
2 2 2 2

Whats another way this could be solved?