FOUR - STROKE CYCLE

AGENDA

1.Introduction 
2.Warm up 
3.Introduction to the topic.
4.Concepts and definitions
5.Examples
6.Practice
7.Wrap up/Conclusion
 OBJECTIVE

• By the end of the class, students will be able to identify each function
of the four stroke cycle, using specific English vocabulary, developing
the ability of reading and interpretation by doing a dialogue activity in
pairs using technical language and showing respect towards their
classmate and teachers.
WARM UP
• Write in one minute the four
stroke cycle you already
remember.

• Then compare your responses

with your classmates.
 FOUR-STROKE ENGINE

Modern cars have a. four-stroke engine (motor de cuatro tiempos). The stroke is the up or down
movement of the piston in the cylinder between the top and the bottom positions. One revolution of
the crankshaft equals two strokes. In a four-stroke engine, each cylinder "fires" on every second
revolution of the crankshaft.

The full combustion cycle consists of two revolutions of the crankshaft (cigueñal) and four strokes:

1. Intake stroke (Carrera de admission)

2. Compression stroke (Carrera de compression)
3. Power stroke (Golpe de potencia)
4. Exhaust stroke (Carrera de escape)
The engine crankshaft keeps rotating by
inertia from the previous power stroke. The
intake stroke (Carrera de admision) is
always considered first of the sequence. In the
intake stroke, the piston moves down,
creating a vacuum above it (vacio por
encima de el). The camshaft (árbol de levas)
opens the intake valve(s) drawing the air from
the intake manifold (colectora). The intake
valve starts opening at the end of the exhaust
stroke of the previous cycle. As the piston
moves down, the air fills the cylinder. Soon
after the piston reaches the bottom position,
the intake valve closes. The exhaust valve is
closed during the intake stroke.
During the compression stroke, the intake and exhaust
valves are closed. As the piston moves up, it compresses
the air trapped in the cylinder. The direct fuel injector El
inyector de combustible directo injects gasoline under a
very high pressure into the cylinder during the
compression stroke, when the piston is closer to the top.
Just before the piston reaches the top position, the spark
between the spark plug electrodes ignites the air/fuel
mixture. los electrodos de la bujía encienden la mezcla
de aire/combustible. The combustion happens in the
combustion chamber, which is the space between the top
of the piston and the cylinder head.
In the power stroke, the pressure of hot gases created
during the combustion pushes the piston down with great
force. The power stroke provides the energy to turn the
wheels in a car. After the power stroke, the crankshaft
keeps rotating due to the inertia of the heavy components
attached to the crankshaft. In cars with a manual
transmission it's the flywheel (volante). In cars with an
automatic transmission, it's the torque converter
Convertidor de par. During the power stroke, both the
intake and exhaust valves are still closed. As the piston
approaches the bottom position in the power stroke, the
exhaust valve starts opening, allowing hot exhaust gases
to rush out. In some literature, the power stroke is called
'expansion stroke' or 'combustion stroke’. 'carrera de
expansión' o 'carrera de combustión'.
During the exhaust stroke, the exhaust valve is open and the
intake valve is closed. The piston moves up pushing the
remaining exhaust gases out of the cylinder and into the exhaust
manifold. The exhaust stroke is the last stroke of the cycle. As
the piston approaches the top position (TDC), the intake valve
starts opening for the intake stroke of the next combustion
cycle. The exhaust valve closes right after the piston reaches the
TDC.

TDC (TOP DEAD CENTER) Punto Muerto Superior

y BDC (BOTTON DEAD CENTER) Punto muerto inferior.  

PRACTICE
Let’s take a quiz to see what you have learned!
A) Is the stage of the cycle of an internal combustion
engine in which the piston is driven outward by the
expansion of gases.
B) Is the final phase in a four stroke engine. In this
phase, the piston moves upwards, squeezing out the
gasses.
C) Is the stroke in the cycle of an internal-combustion
engine in which the gases are compressed before
firing.
D) Is the stroke in the cycle of an internal-combustion
engine during which the fuel mixture is drawn in before
compression.
1. Intake stroke (Carrera de admission)
2. Compression stroke (Carrera de compression)
3. Power stroke (Golpe de potencia)
4. Exhaust stroke (Carrera de escape)
Es la etapa del ciclo de un motor de combustión
interna en la que el pistón es empujado hacia afuera
por la expansión de los gases.
Es la fase final en un motor de cuatro tiempos. En
esta fase, el pistón se mueve hacia arriba,
expulsando los gases.
Es la carrera en el ciclo de un motor de combustión
interna en el que los gases se comprimen antes de
disparar.
Es la carrera en el ciclo de un motor de combustión
interna durante el cual la mezcla de combustible se
aspira antes de la compresión.
 ACTIVITY
* Write in your notebook the new vocabulary you learned today.
*Work in pairs and give to the vocabulary a definition with your own words.
 WRAP UP

* Write in your notebook the four stroke cycle and give a definition with your own words.
 CONCLUSION
A four-stroke cycle engine is an internal combustion engine that utilizes
four distinct piston strokes (intake, compression, power, and exhaust) to
complete one operating cycle.