READING AND

WRITING SKILLS

BY: JOLLYNA KATE N. RALLECA,LPT

SHS OLC
WEEK 01: PRE- WRITING STRATEGIES

At the end of this class, you should be able to:

a. Describe a written text as connected

discourse;
b. Distinguish between and among techniques
in selecting and organizing information.
• Brainstorming list
 Graphic Organizer
WEEK 01: PRE- WRITING STRATEGIES

The Writing Process

Learning to write is a sequential process. Output is

important but with the goal of it in mind, effective
writing is considered quality writing. (Dagdag,et.al.,
2010)

It is said that “writing without form is like a human

body without skeleton; writing without content is like a
skeleton with noflesh.” (Mt. Edgecumbe 2)
WEEK 01: PRE- WRITING STRATEGIES

Six steps in the Writing Process

Pre-writing Revising

Organizing Editing

Writing the final

Writing draft
WEEK 01: PRE- WRITING STRATEGIES

Pre-writing is defined by Tiongson (2016) as the first stage of

writing that "pertains to different techniques that help you
discover ideas before writing
the first draft of a paper.”

Tiongson (2016) suggests that during this stage, you must keep an open
mind. This stage is for discoveries and free writing, without the hold of
criticism. Unleash all the possible ideas that could come from a topic.
WEEK 01: PRE- WRITING STRATEGIES
 WEEK 01: PRE- WRITING STRATEGIES

The Journalists’ Questions

1. Who? – Who are the participants? Who is affected? Who are the primary
actors? Who are the secondary actors?
2. What? – What is the topic? What is the significance of the topic? What is
the basic problem? What are the issues?
3. Where? – Where does the activity take place? Where does the problem or issue have its
source? At what place is the cause or effect of the problem
most visible?
4. When? – When is the issue most apparent? (past? Present? Future?)
When did the issue or problem develop? What historical forces helped
shape the problem or issue and what point in time will the problem or
issue culminate in a crisis? When is action needed to address the issue or
problem?
5. Why? – Why did the issue or problem arise? Why is it an issue or problem
at all? Why did the issue or problem develop in the way that it did?
6. How? – How is the issue or problem significant? How can it be addressed?
How does it affect the participants? How can the issue or problem be
resolved?
WEEK 01: PRE- WRITING STRATEGIES

Using Pre-Writing Strategies

 Brainstorming – is also called listing. This is one of the most common

methods of discovering a topic. All you would need is to list or jot
down as much ideas as you can within a given amount of time. It is
suggested to start from general ideas and from there, write down all
the possibilities.

Clustering – is also called mind mapping or idea mapping. This is a

technique in finding a writing topic wherein you find the relationships
between ideas.
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING!!