QUANTITATIVE AND

QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH METHODS
PREPARED BY: MARJORIE A. HAGOS
STUDENT TEACHER
 OBJECTIVES
AT THE END OF THE LESSON, THE STUDENTS ARE
EXPECTED TO:

1. Enumerate the characteristics of quantitative and

qualitative research;
2. Understand the importance of conducting
quantitative and qualitative research; and
3. Distinguish quantitative from qualitative research.
 QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
• Polit and beck (2004) define
quantitative research as “the
traditional positivist scientific
method which refers to a
general set of orderly,
disciplined procedures to
acquire information.”
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
•Gather empirical evidence that is
within the realm of the senses. The
method used in the analysis of data is
usually statistical in nature. Thus, the
resulting information from the study
is usually quantitative or measurable.
 LIMITATIONS
•Studying the complex and diverse minds of
human beings.

•The inflexible and narrow vision of

quantitative research tends to present the
human experience in a restricted manner.
 QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

•Defined as the
“naturalistic method of
inquiry of research which
deals with the issue of
human complexity by
exploring it directly.”
 QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
•This type of research attempts to
explain the human experience with
its dynamic, holistic, and
individualistic aspects through the
perspective of the individual himself.
 QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

•This type makes use of qualitative

materials that are narrative and
subjective.
 LIMITATIONS
• Major limitation of this model is its reductionist nature.
• Subjective nature of naturalistic inquiry, which
sometimes causes concerns about the nature of the
conclusion of the study.
• Polit and Beck (2008) poses the question, “would two
naturalistic researchers studying the same phenomenon
in similar settings arrive at similar conclusions?”
 COMPARISON BETWEEN QUANTITATIVE
AND QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
QUANTITATIVE QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH RESEARCH

•Aims to characterize • Involves processes,

trends and patterns. feelings, and motives
(the why's and how’s)
and produces in-depth
and holistic data.
 COMPARISON BETWEEN QUANTITATIVE
AND QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
QUANTITATIVE QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH RESEARCH

•Usually starts with •Usually concerned

neither a theory nor with generating
hypothesis about the hypothesis from data
relationship between rather than testing a
two or more variables. hypothesis.
 COMPARISON BETWEEN QUANTITATIVE
AND QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
QUANTITATIVE QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH RESEARCH

•Uses structured •Uses either

research unstructured or
instruments like semi-structured
questionnaires or instruments.
schedules.
 COMPARISON BETWEEN QUANTITATIVE
AND QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
QUANTITATIVE QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH RESEARCH

•Uses large sample •Uses small sample

sizes that are sizes chosen
representatives of purposely.
the population.
 COMPARISON BETWEEN QUANTITATIVE
AND QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
QUANTITATIVE QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH RESEARCH

•Has high output •Has high validity.

replicability.
 COMPARISON BETWEEN QUANTITATIVE
AND QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
QUANTITATIVE QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH RESEARCH

•Used to gain greater •Used to gain greater

understanding of understanding of
group similarities. individual differences in
terms of feelings,
motives and
 COMPARISON BETWEEN QUANTITATIVE
AND QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
QUANTITATIVE QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH RESEARCH

•Uses structured •Uses more flexible

processes. processes.
 COMPARISON BETWEEN QUANTITATIVE
AND QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
QUANTITATIVE QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH RESEARCH

•Methods include •Methods include

census, survey, field research, case
experiments and study, and
secondary analysis. secondary analysis.