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  • Dka HHS

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    Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is caused by insulin deficiency and increased counterregulatory hormones, leading to hyperglycemia and ketonemia. It is diagnosed by blood glucose over 14 mmol/L, acidosis with pH below 7.3 and bicarbonate below 15 mmol/L, and ketonemia over 3+. Treatment involves IV fluid replacement, electrolyte correction, and insulin administration. Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) involves severe hyperglycemia, dehydration, and altered consciousness due to insulin resistance/deficiency, inflammation, and osmotic diuresis. It is diagnosed by blood glucose over 33 mmol/L, pH above 7.3

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    Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is caused by insulin deficiency and increased counterregulatory hormones, leading to hyperglycemia and ketonemia. It is diagnosed by blood glucose over 14 mmol/L, acidosis with pH below 7.3 and bicarbonate below 15 mmol/L, and ketonemia over 3+. Treatment involves IV fluid replacement, electrolyte correction, and insulin administration. Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) involves severe hyperglycemia, dehydration, and altered consciousness due to insulin resistance/deficiency, inflammation, and osmotic diuresis. It is diagnosed by blood glucose over 33 mmol/L, pH above 7.3

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    12 views5 pages

    Dka HHS

    Uploaded by

    dewipuspith
    Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is caused by insulin deficiency and increased counterregulatory hormones, leading to hyperglycemia and ketonemia. It is diagnosed by blood glucose over 14 mmol/L, acidosis with pH below 7.3 and bicarbonate below 15 mmol/L, and ketonemia over 3+. Treatment involves IV fluid replacement, electrolyte correction, and insulin administration. Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) involves severe hyperglycemia, dehydration, and altered consciousness due to insulin resistance/deficiency, inflammation, and osmotic diuresis. It is diagnosed by blood glucose over 33 mmol/L, pH above 7.3

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 5

    Diabetic Ketoacidosis

    Hyperosmolar Hyperglicaemic
    State
    DKA
    • is caused by a combination of insulin deficiency (absolute or relative)
    and increase in counterregulatory hormones, leading to increased
    gluconeogenesis, accelerated glycogenolysis and impaired glucose
    utilisation by peripheral tissues, lipolysis and unrestrained hepatic fatty
    acid oxidation to ketone bodies, culminating in hyperglycaemia and
    ketonemia
    • Dx :
    1. Hyperglycaemia > 14 mmol/L : 252 mg/dL
    2. Acidemia pH < 7,3, bicarbonate < 15 mmol/L
    3. Ketonemia > 3 +
    • Goal DKA therapeutic
    1. IV Volume replacement
    Shock : iv Hartman solution / Normal saline 20-30 ml/kg 30 menit,
    mulai antibiotic dan masuk ICU, jika mengalami shock cardiogenic 
    vassopresor dan monitoring hemodinamik
    2. Electrolyte correction
    3. Insulin Administration
    HHS
    • Metabolic complication of Diabetes Mellitus : severe Hyperglycaemia,
    extreme dehydration, hyperosmolar plasma and altered
    consciousness
    • Phatophysiology HHS
    1. insulin resistence and or deficiency
    2. inflammatory state with marked elevation proinflammatory
    cytokines and counterregulatory stress hormones
    3. osmotic diuresis
    • Diagnosis HHS :
    1. Blood Glucose > 33mmol /L : 594,94mg/dl
    2. pH > 7,3 HCO3 > 15 mmol/L
    3. Minimal ketonaemia or ketonuria
    4. Increased serum osmolality

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