SUMMARY

OF SELF
EFFICACY
 WEIBELL (2011)
SUMMARIZED ALBERT
BANDURA’S SELF EFFICACY
THEORY. IT WAS BASED
ON THE PRINCIPLE
ASSUMPTION
THAT,“PSYCHOLOGICAL
PROCEDURES, WHATEVER
 ”THE THEORY
DISTINGUISHES THE
FOLLOWING:
Expectations of efficacy - the conviction that once can
successfully execute the behaviour required to produce the
outcomes.
Response-outcome expectancies - a person’s estimate that
a given behaviour will lead to certain outcome
 Bandura defined self-efficacy as “people’s
beliefs about their capabilities to produce designated
levels of performance that exercise influence over
events that affect their lives”.
 PEOPLE WITH “HIGH
ASSURANCE IN THEIR
CAPABILITIES”:
1. Approach difficult tasks as challenges to be mastered;

2. Set challenging goals and maintain a strong commitment to them;

3. Heighten or sustain their efforts in the face of failures or setbacks;

4. Attribute failure to insufficient effort or deficient knowledge and skills which are acquirable; and

5. Approach threatening situations with assurance that they can exercise control over them.
 IN CONTRAST, PEOPLE
“WHO DOUBT THEIR
1. Shy away from tasks they view as personal threats;
CAPABILITIES”:
2. Have low aspirations and weak commitment to goals they choose to pursue;
3. . Dwell on personal deficiencies, obstacles they will encounter, and all kinds of adverse
outcomes,rather than concentrating on how to perform successfully;
4. . Slacken their effort and give up quickly in the face of difficulties;
5. . Are slow to recover their sense of efficacy following failure or setbacks; and
6. Fall easy victim to stress and depression.
Dr. Bandura described the four main sources of influence by which a
person’s self-efficacy is developed and maintained:

• Performance Accomplishments/ Mastery Experience

– the most effective way to create a strong sense of efficacy; “Success build a
robust belief in one's personal efficacy. Failure undermined it, especially if
failures occur before a sense of efficacy is firmly established.”
2. Vicarious Experience

- through observance of social models also influence one's

perception of self-efficacy. The most important factor: the
degree of similarity between the observer and the model. The
greater the assumed similarity, the more persuasive the model's
success and failures are.
3 .Physiological/ Somatic and Emotional states

- stress and tension are interpreted as “signs of vulnerability to

poor performance”. Fatigue, pains,and mood also affect
perception of ability. It is not the intensity of the emotional or
physical reaction that is important, but rather, how it is perceived
and interpreted.
4.Verbal or Social Persuasion -
a way of strengthening people's beliefs that they have what it takes to
succeed. It provide temporary boost in perceived ability. Bandura noted
that people with a high sense of self-efficacy may perceive affective
arousal as “an energizing facilitator of performance, whereas those who
are beset by self-doubts regard their arousal as a debilitator”.
Since “most human motivation is cognitively,” self-beliefs of efficacy are an
important factor in human motivation. They work with component skill and
incentive to act. Expectation alone will not produce desired performance if
the component capabilities are lacking.Since a person has both the skill
and incentive to act,self-efficacy determine what activities a person will
choose to engage in, how much effort they will expend,and how long that effort
will be sustained when things get tough.
“Self-efficacy is the belief in one's capabilities to organize and execute
the sources of action required to manage the prospective
situation.”(Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social
Cognitive Theory, 1986)“Self-belief does not necessarily ensure
success; but self-disbelief assuredly spawns failure.”(Self-efficacy:
The Exercise of Control, 1997)“By sticking it out through tough times,
people emerge from adversity with a stronger sense of efficacy.”
SHINZEN TUNDAG

THANK
YOU !