CAUSTIC SODA & CHLORINE MANUFACTURING

1. Chlorine gas production Process.

A- Raw material sources.
B- Simple membrane cell.
C- Cl2 gas production process.
2. Co-products of Cl2 production.
A- Caustic soda 32%,42%,52% and 100%.
B- Hydrochloric acid 32%.
C- Sodium hypochlorite 12%.
3. Cl2 gas and Co-products uses.
4. What the chemical engineers do ???
1.1 CHLORINE MANUFACTURING

Figure1- 5 Membrane chlorine electrolysis cell

1.1.1 THE SODIUM CHLORIDE IN JORDAN

Figure1- 6 Composition of Dead Sea water (Wt %)

Figure1- 7 the main source of sodium chloride in Jordan
Driven by electrical current
Chlorine cooling (87.5c to 35c) Chlorine gas filtration from salt practical
Chlorine gas drying using H2SO4 98%

Liquefied gas Chlorine gas liquefaction system Chlorine gas compression up to 3 Bar
pressure
Liquid chlorine storage tank
 2. Co-products of Cl2 production.
A- Caustic soda 32%,42%,52% and 100%.
B- Hydrochloric acid 32%.
C- Sodium hypochlorite 12%.
 A- Caustic soda 42%,52% and 100%:

1- NaOH 32% Tank.

2- 1st Evaporator.
3- 2nd Evaporator. 5
4- NaOH 52% product.
5- Heat Exchanger.
6- Vapor Separator. 6
7- NaOH100% Flaker. 3 2
8- Molten Salt Heater.
9- Air Blower.
10- Molten Salt (HTS). 7 4
HTS: High Temperature Salt.

10

9
8
B- Hydrochloric acid 32%.

1- Cl2 gas inlet.

2- H2 gas inlet
3- Cl2 and H2 combustion
chamber. 5
4- HCL product gas outlet.
5- Backed bed tower. 6
HCL
6- Water inlet. Product
4

7- HCL 32% liquid product outlet. 3

1 2
C- Sodium hypochlorite 12%:
CL2 + 2 NaOH H2O + 2 NaoCl

1- Cl2 gas inlet. 5

2- NaOH 18 % inlet.
3- Backed Bed Tower.
4- NaOCl 12%
3
product outlet.
5- Vacuum Blower.

1 4
Cl2 gas and Co-products uses:
***what the chemical engineers do ???
 *Chemical engineer duties in the chemical plant:

Production Management Marketing Quality control

Operation Process Utilities

1- how to operate 1- Design & studies 1- cooling towers

2- following up and controls 2- Development 2- Boilers

3-operation condition and 3- Planning 3- Air compressor

parameters
4- Projects 4- Chillers

5- trouble shooting 5- DMW unit

6- RO units