DRUG ABUSE

AND MISUSE
By: Dr. Vahid Nikoui
Email: nikoui@razi.tums.ac.ir
Drug Abuse
 Substance abuse

 A maladaptive pattern of use of a substance

 Compulsive, excessive, and self-damaging use of drugs

or substances

 Excessive use from a harmful drug (Overuse)

 psychoactive drugs or performance enhancing drugs for

a non-therapeutic or non-medical effect
Drug Misuse

A term used commonly for prescription

medications with clinical efficacy but abuse
potential and known adverse effects linked to
improper use, such as psychiatric medications with
sedative, anxiolytic, analgesic, or stimulant
properties.

 Usage of a drug to treat a symptom that it is either

not prescribed for or not effective against.
 Morphine

 Abuse or Misuse

‫؟‬
 History
 In 1932, the American Psychiatric Association:
 …as a general rule, we reserve the term drug abuse to apply to the
illegal, nonmedical use of a limited number of substances, most of them
drugs.

 In 1966, the American Medical Association's Committee on

Alcoholism and Addiction:
 Misuse applies to the physician's role in initiating a potentially dangerous
course of therapy; and 'abuse' refers to self-administration of these drugs
without medical supervision and particularly in large doses that may lead
to psychological dependency, tolerance and abnormal behavior.

 In 1973 the National Commission on Marijuana and Drug Abuse:

 ...drug abuse may refer to any type of drug or chemical without regard to
its pharmacologic actions.
Philip Jenkins

Drug
 GHB
 Nicotine

Abuse
 Alcohol
 Caffeine
Recreational Drug Use

 The use of a drug, usually psychoactive, with the

intention of creating or enhancing recreational
experience.

 Often being considered to be also drug abuse, and it

is often illegal.

 Also, it may overlap with other uses, such as

medicinal (including self medication), performance
enhancement, and entheogenic (spiritual).
Responsible Drug Use
A harm reduction strategy based on a belief that
illegal recreational drug use can be responsible in
terms of reduced or eliminated risk of negative
impact on the lives of both the user and others.
Cost

 £ 20 billion yearly in UK
Drug Trafficker
Thank You !